具有两亲性质的异环酰基—3—二茂铁基—2—丁烯酸酯衍生物的合成

３－二茂铁基－２－丁烯酸乙酯与８种不同类型的酰氯反应，合成了８种具有两亲结构的α，β－不饱和酯二茂铁双取代新衍生物。同时，发现一种新的酰化反应现象，即３－二茂铁基－２－丁烯酸乙酯与２－丁烯酰氯或肉桂酰氯反应时，酰化反应既能在茂环上又能在α，β－不饱和酯基的烯键上发生，得到另两种新化合物。测得上述１０种化合物的＾１Ｈ ＮＭＲ谱、ＩＲ光谱及元素分析数据。     

新型α，β－不饱和羰基桥联双二茂铁衍生物的合成及其成膜性

由３－二茂铁基－２－丁烯酸酯经三步反应制得３－二茂铁基－２－丁烯酰氯，并由它与其自身及与单取代二茂铁经酰化反应合成了４种新的α，β－不饱和羧基共轭桥联汉二茂铁衍生物。以１ＨＮＭＲ、ＩＲ光谱及元素分析表征了这些化合物，并研究了它们形成Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ膜的成膜性．结果表明：这４种新的双二茂铁衍生物皆能在空气／水界面上形成Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ膜．     

新型α,β—不饱和羰基桥联双二茂铁衍生物的合成及其成膜性

由３－二茂铁基－２－丁烯酸酯经三步反应制得３－二茂铁基－２－丁烯酰氯，并由它与其自身及与单取代二茂铁经酰化反应合成了４种新的α、β－不饱和羧基共轭桥联双二茂铁衍生物，以＾１ＨＮＭＲ、ＩＲ光谱及元素分析表征了这些化合物，并研究了它们形成Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ膜的成膜性，结果表明：这４种新的双二茂铁衍生物皆能在空气／水果面上形成Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ膜。     

对硝基苯磺酰基乙酸酯与α，β－不饱和酸酯类化合物在固液相转移条件下的反应

在固液相转移催化（Ｋ_２ＣＯ_３／ＤＭＦ／ＴＥＢＡ）条件下，对硝基苯磺酰基乙酸酯与α，β－不饱和酸酯反应意外地生成加成重排产物［如生成２－甲基－２－（对硝基苯基）戊二酸－１－甲酯－５－乙酯］。其反应机理可能是砜酯首先与α，β－不饱和酯起Ｍｉｃｈａｅｌ反应，随后加成物发生分子内芳环上的亲核性取代，酸化后脱去ＳＯ２得最终产物。     

经由胂叶立德立体有择合成仿保幼激素──增丝素（ZR－512）及其（2Z，4E）－异构体

３－甲基－２－丁烯酸乙酯４经ＳｅＯ２反式氧化、还原、溴化得到关键中间体４－溴－３－甲基－（２Ｅ）－丁烯酸乙酯７．７与三苯基胂反应生成季８．二氢香茅醛与８在Ｋ＿２ＣＯ＿３－乙醇－微量水的存在下反应，得到（２Ｅ，４Ｅ）－３，７，１１－三甲基－２，４－十二碳二烯酸乙酯１ａ及其（２Ｚ，４Ｅ）－异构体１ｂ，产率７４％。该反应具有（４Ｅ）－立体选择性，同时Ｃ－２双键发生部分构型转化。     

对硝基苯磺酰基乙酸酯与α,β—不饱和酸酯类化合物在固液…

在固液相转移催化（Ｋ２ＣＯ３／ＤＭＦ／ＴＥＢＡ）条件下，对硝基苯磺酰基乙酸酯与α、β－不饱和酸酯反应意外地生成加成重排产物。其反应机理可能是砜酯首先与α、β－不饱和酯起Ｍｉｃｈａｅｌ反应，随后加成物发生分子内芳环上的新核性取代，酸化后脱去ＳＯ２得最终产物。     

经由胂叶立德立体有择合成仿保幼激素──增丝素（ZR—512）…

３－甲基－２－丁烯酸乙酯４经ＳｅＯ２反式氧化，还原，溴化得到关键中间体４－溴－３－甲基－（２Ｅ）－丁烯酸乙酯７．７与三苯基胂反应生成季Ｓｅｎｇ盐８。二氢香茅醛与８在Ｋ２ＣＯ３－乙醇－微量水的存在下反应，得到（２Ｅ，４Ｅ）－３，７，１１－三甲基－２，４－十二碳二烯酸乙酯１ａ及其（２Ｚ，４Ｅ）－异构体１ｂ，产率７４％，该反应具有（４Ｅ）－立体选择性，同时Ｃ－２双键发生部分构型转化。     

α－氧代烯酮环二硫代缩酮化学（XXV）──经由取代－环合芳构化反应合成羟乙基芳基硫醚

以巯基乙醇为亲核体，经由β，β－１，３－亚丙二硫基－α，β－不饱和酮１与２－甲基烯丙基氯比镁的加成产物２的取代－环合芳构化反应，以适中产率得到羟乙基芳基硫醚３．首次发现２在酸催化下生成α，β－不饱和环已酮４的新反应途径．     

二氯菊酸2－甲基－3－（2－呋喃基）－2－丙烯酯的合成

报导了一种新拟除虫菊酯的设计和合成。标题化合物是由二氯菊酰氯与新自制的２－甲基－３－（２－呋喃基）－２－丙烯－１－醇酯化合成。     

相转移催化法合成新型偶氮化合物

由β－苯丙烯酰氯与取代苯肼的综合反应合成了芳基取代的α,β－不饱和酰肼化合物,进而利用相转移催化剂４－羟基－２,２,６,６－四甲基－１－哌啶基氧自由基以及Ｇａｌｖｉｎｏｘｙｌ自由基对基进行了相转移催化脱氢,合成了８种芳基取代的α,β－不饱和酰基偶氮新型化合物,其结构经元素分析、ＩＲ和＾１ＨＮＭＲ证实,并讨论了可能的反应机理。     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Effect of the Method of Modification of Zeolite X on Selectivity of Catalytic Methylation of Toluene

Theoretical and Experimental Chemistry - The effect of the method of modification of catalysts based on zeolite X by cesium and magnesium cations (ion exchange and impregnation) on the selectivity...