Do instantons like a colorful background?

We investigate chiral symmetry breaking and color symmetry breaking in QCD. The effective potential of the corresponding scalar condensates is discussed in the presence of non-perturbative contributions from the semiclassical one-instanton sector. We concentrate on a color singlet scalar background which can describe chiral condensation, as well as a color octet scalar background which can generate mass for the gluons. Whereas a non-vanishing singlet chiral field is favored by the instantons, we have found no indication for a preference of color octet backgrounds.     

Color sextet scalars in early LHC experiments

We explore the potential for discovery of an exotic color sextet scalar in same-sign top quark pair production in early running at the LHC. We present the first phenomenological analysis at colliders of color sextet scalars with full top quark spin correlations included. We demonstrate that one can measure the scalar mass, the top quark polarization, and confirm the scalar resonance with 1 fb?1 of integrated luminosity. The top quark polarization can distinguish gauge triplet and singlet scalars.     

Dark matter and LHC phenomenology of a scale-invariant scotogenic model

We study the phenomenology of a model that addresses the neutrino mass, dark matter, and generation of the electroweak scale in a single framework. Electroweak symmetry breaking is realized via the Coleman-Weinberg mechanism in a classically scale invariant theory, while the neutrino mass is generated radiatively through interactions with dark matter in a typically scotogenic manner. The model introduces a scalar triplet and singlet and a vectorlike fermion doublet that carry an odd parity of Z_2, and an even parity scalar singlet that helps preserve classical scale invariance. We sample over the parameter space by taking into account various experimental constraints from the dark matter relic density and direct detection, direct scalar searches, neutrino mass, and charged lepton flavor violating decays. We then examine by detailed simulations possible signatures at the LHC to find some benchmark points of the free parameters. We find that the future high-luminosity LHC will have a significant potential in detecting new physics signals in the dilepton channel.     

Color dielectric model with two scalar fields

SU(2) Yang-Mills theory coupled in a non-minimal way to two scalar fields is discussed. For the massless scalar fields a family of finite energy solutions generated by an external, static electric charge is found. Additionally, there is a single solution which can be interpreted as a confining one. Similar solutions have been obtained in the magnetic sector. In the case of massive scalar fields the Coulomb problem is investigated. We find that asymptotic behavior of the fields can also, for some values of the parameters of the model, give confinement of the electric charge. Quite interestingly one glueball-meson coupling gives the linear confining potential. Finally, it is shown how, for one non-dynamical scalar field, we can derive the color dielectric generalization of the Pagels-Tomboulis model.Received: 22 April 2003, Published online: 12 September 2003     

Strong electroweak phase transitions in the Standard Model with a singlet

It is well known that the electroweak phase transition (EWPhT) in extensions of the Standard Model with one real scalar singlet can be first-order for realistic values of the Higgs mass. We revisit this scenario with the most general renormalizable scalar potential systematically identifying all regions in parameter space that develop, due to tree-level dynamics, a potential barrier at the critical temperature that is strong enough to avoid sphaleron wash-out of the baryon asymmetry. Such strong EWPhTs allow for a simple mean-field approximation and an analytic treatment of the free-energy that leads to very good theoretical control and understanding of the different mechanisms that can make the transition strong. We identify a new realization of such mechanism, based on a flat direction developing at the critical temperature, which could operate in other models. Finally, we discuss in detail some special cases of the model performing a numerical calculation of the one-loop free-energy that improves over the mean-field approximation and confirms the analytical expectations.     

ScannerS: constraining the phase diagram of a complex scalar singlet at the LHC

We present the first version of a new tool to scan the parameter space of generic scalar potentials, ScannerS (Coimbra et al., ScannerS project., 2013). The main goal of ScannerS is to help distinguish between different patterns of symmetry breaking for each scalar potential. In this work we use it to investigate the possibility of excluding regions of the phase diagram of several versions of a complex singlet extension of the Standard Model, with future LHC results. We find that if another scalar is found, one can exclude a phase with a dark matter candidate in definite regions of the parameter space, while predicting whether a third scalar to be found must be lighter or heavier. The first version of the code is publicly available and contains various generic core routines for tree level vacuum stability analysis, as well as implementations of collider bounds, dark matter constraints, electroweak precision constraints and tree level unitarity.     

A minimal model for two-component FIMP dark matter:A basic search

In the multi-component configurations of dark matter phenomenology,we propose a minimal twocomponent configuration which is an extension of the Standard Model with only three new fields;one scalar and one fermion interact with the thermal soup through Higgs portal,mediated by the other scalar in such a way that the stabilities of dark matter candidates are made simultaneously by an explicit Z2 symmetry.Against the most common freeze-out framework,we look for dark matter particle signatures in the freeze-in scenario by evaluating the relic density and detection signals.A simple distinguishing feature of the model is the lack of dark matter conversion,so the dark matter components act individually and the model can be adapted entirely to both singlet scalar and singlet fermionic models,separately.We find dark matter self-interaction as the most promising approach to probe such feeble models.Although the scalar component satisfies this constraint,the fermionic one refuses it even in the resonant region.     

Flavour dynamics with general scalar fields

We consider a spontaneously broken gauge theory based on the standard model (SM) group with scalar fields that carry arbitrary representations of G, and we investigate some general properties of the charged and neutral current involving these fields. In particular we derive the conditions for having real or complex couplings of the Z boson to two different neutral or charged scalar fields, and for the existence of CP-violating Z-scalar-scalar couplings. Moreover, we study models with the same fermion content as in the SM, with one SU(2) Higgs singlet, and an arbitrary number of Higgs doublets. We show that the structure of the Z-Higgs boson and of the Yukawa couplings in these models can be such that CP-violating form factors which conserve chirality are induced at the one-loop level. Received: 18 December 1998 / Published online: 22 March 1999     

夸克的半经典输运方程

对夸克的量子输运方程取半径典近似时保留到Wigner函数的一次微商项;在色空间和自旋空间展开这个半经典输运方程,得到了色单态自旋标量和色单态自旋矢量的输运方程:并把得到的结果和阿贝尔等离子体进行比较讨论了QGP的非阿见尔性质.     

Scalar Resonance at 750 GeV as Composite of Heavy Vector-Like Fermions

We study a model of scalars which includes both the SM Higgs and a scalar singlet as composites of heavy vector-like fermions. The vector-like fermions are bounded by the super-strong four-fermion interactions. The scalar singlet decays to SM vector bosons through loop of heavy vector-like fermions. We show that the surprisingly large production cross section of di-photon events at 750 GeV resonance and the odd decay properties can all be explained. This model serves as a good model for both SM Higgs and a scalar resonance at 750 GeV.     

On Ho(r)ava-Lifshitz cosmology

We give a brief overview of the Horava-Lifshitz-gravity theory, its modifications and its impli- cations in cosmology. In particular, we discuss the various issues on the gravitational scalar mode, including its decoupling, its role as inflaton and its stability. Our analysis shows that the scalar mode could decouple naturally at λ=1 due to the extra gauge symmetry. On the other hand, the fact that the scalar mode becomes ghost when 1/3<λ<1 is a real challenge to the theory. We try to overcome this problem by modifying the action such that the RG flow lies outside the problematic region. We discuss the cosmological implications of the theory.     

A QCD Model Using Generalized Yang-Mills Theory

Generalized Yang-Mills theory has a covariant derivative, which contains both vector and scalar gauge bosons. Based on this theory, we construct a strong interaction model by using the group U（4）. By using this U（4） generalized Yang-Mills model, we also obtain a gauge potential solution, which can be used to explain the asymptotic behavior and color confinement.     

Model of new scalar bosons as the source of one-jet events at the\bar p p collider

A model involving color octet and singlet scalar bosons is studied as a possible candidate to account for the one-jet events with large missing transverse energy observed at the CERN protonantiproton collider. A distinguishing characteristic of this model, as compared to various models based on supersymmetry, is that the heavy particle being produced is assumed to be also the carrier of the missing momentum.     

The two-loop renormalization of the gauge coupling and the scalar potential for an arbitrary renormalizable field theory

For any renormalize field theory in four dimensions we obtain the two-loop counterterms for the gauge coupling and the scalar potential, using the background-field method. The calculation was performed in two different subtraction schemes: one is the ordinary dimensional regularization, the other is the so-called dimensional reduction scheme. We show that already at the two-loop level differences occur for the scalar coupling-constants. Only dimensional reduction preserves supersymmetry up to this level.     

Pseudo-Majoron as dark matter

We consider the singlet Majoron model with softly broken lepton number. This model contains three right-handed neutrinos and a singlet scalar besides the standard model fields. The real part of the singlet scalar develops a vacuum expectation value to generate the lepton number violation for seesaw and leptogenesis. The imaginary part of the singlet scalar becomes a massive pseudo-Majoron to be a dark matter candidate with testability by colliders, direct detection experiments and neutrino observations.     

Searching for doubly charged Higgs bosons in Möller scattering by resonance effects at linear <Emphasis Type="Italic">e</Emphasis><Superscript>−</Superscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">e</Emphasis><Superscript>−</Superscript> collider

We discuss the parity-violating left–right asymmetries (LRAs) in Möller scattering at the International Linear Collider (ILC) induced by doubly charged Higgs bosons in models with SU(2) _L triplet and singlet scalar bosons, which couple to the left- and right-handed charged leptons, respectively. These bosons are important in scenarios for the generation of the neutrino mass. We demonstrate that the contributions to the LRAs from the triplet and singlet bosons are opposite to each other. In particular, we show that the doubly charged Higgs boson from the singlet scalar can be tested at the ILC by using the resonance effect.     

Neutrino condensate as origin of dark energy

We propose a new solution to the origin of dark energy. We suggest that it was created dynamically from the condensate of a singlet neutrino at a late epoch of the early Universe through its effective self-interaction. This singlet neutrino is also the Dirac partner of one of the three observed neutrinos, hence dark energy is related to neutrino mass. The onset of this condensate formation in the early Universe is also related to matter density and offers an explanation of the coincidence problem of why dark energy (70%) and total matter (30%) are comparable at the present time. We demonstrate this idea in a model of neutrino mass with (right-handed) singlet neutrinos and a singlet scalar.     

Preheating and vacuum metastability in supersymmetry

The constraints imposed by the requirement that the scalar potential of supersymmetric theories does not have unbounded directions and charge or color breaking minima deeper than the usual electroweak breaking minimum (EWM) are significantly relaxed if one just allows for a metastable EWM but with a sufficiently long lifetime. For this to be acceptable one needs however to explain how the vacuum state reaches this metastable configuration in the first place. We discuss the implications for this issue of the inflation induced scalar masses, of the supersymmetry breaking effects generated during the preheating stage as well as of the thermal corrections to the scalar potential which appear after reheating. We show that their combined effects may efficiently drive the scalar fields to the origin, allowing them to then evolve naturally towards the EWM.     

J/Psi production in pp collisions at square root = 200 GeV at the BNL relativistic heavy ion collider

We study J/psi production in pp collisions at BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) within the PHENIX detector acceptance range using the color singlet and color octet mechanism which are based on perturbative QCD and nonrelativistic QCD. Here we show that the color octet mechanism reproduces the RHIC data for J/psi production in pp collisions with respect to the p(T) distribution, the rapidity distribution, and the total cross section at square root = 200 GeV. The color singlet mechanism leads to a relatively small contribution to the total cross section when compared to the octet contribution.     

Solving the little hierarchy problem with a light singlet and supersymmetric mass terms

A generalization of the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Model (NMSSM) is studied in which an explicit μ-term as well as a small supersymmetric mass term for the singlet superfield are incorporated. We study the possibility of raising the Standard Model-like Higgs mass at tree level through its mixing with a light, mostly-singlet, CP-even scalar. We are able to generate Higgs boson masses up to 145 GeV with top squarks below 1.1 TeV and without the need to fine tune parameters in the scalar potential. This model yields light singlet-like scalars and pseudoscalars passing all collider constraints.