Nonautonomous first integrals and general solutions of the KdV‐Burgers and mKdV‐Burgers equations with the source

The method for constructing first integrals and general solutions of nonlinear ordinary differential equations is presented. The method is based on index accounting of the Fuchs indices, which appeared during the Painlevé test of a nonlinear differential equation. The Fuchs indices indicate us the leading members of the first integrals for the origin differential equation. Taking into account the values of the Fuchs indices, we can construct the auxiliary equation, which allows to look for the first integrals of nonlinear differential equations. The method is used to obtain the first integrals and general solutions of the KdV‐Burgers and the mKdV‐Burgers equations with a source. The nonautonomous first integrals in the polynomials form are found. The general solutions of these nonlinear differential equations under at some additional conditions on the parameters of differential equations are also obtained. Illustrations of some solutions of the KdV‐Burgers and the mKdV‐Burgers are given.     

积分因子的一种直接求解方法

充分利用变量分离微分方程为恰当方程的事实,通过引入有限次的变量替换并借助求导的链式法则,本文提出了一种求解积分因子的直接方法.该法针对一阶常微分方程,只要其通过有限次变量替换能化为变量分离微分方程,那么积分因子和通积分均可直接求得.     

The lie group and integrability of the Fisher type travelling wave equation

For the Fisher-type wave equation, which has two stable states and one unstable state, it is proved that only in two particular cases, the corresponding travelling wave equation admits a double parameter Lie group, and based on a method different to the traditional one, its two independent first integrals are given. It is proved further that in the two integrable cases, the different bounded and non-trivial travelling wave solutions, which are corresponding the invariant manifolds of the corresponding equation under the Lie transformation, can be expressed with elementary functions although they cannot be obtained directly from the two independent first integrals.     

借助Lie群研究Burgers-KdV方程行波解的可积性

运用经典Lie群方法证明Burgers-KdV方程行波解所满足的二阶非线性常微分方程当且仅当参数满足特殊情况下,恰好接受一个两参数Lie群,并用不同的方法求出方程的两个相互独立首次积分.     

Hodge integrals with one λ-class

Hodge integrals over moduli space of stable curves play an important roles in understanding the topological properties of moduli space.ELSV formula connects the Hodge integrals with Hurwitz numbers,and the generating function of Hurwitz numbers satisfies the cut-and-join equation.Therefore,it is natural to consider how to use the cut-and-join equation for Hurwitz numbers to compute Hodge integrals which appear in ELSV formula.In this paper,at first,we will review the method introduced in Goulden et al.’s paper to get the λ g conjecture for Hodge integral.Through some variables transformation,the generating function of Hurwitz number becomes a symmetric polynomial which satisfies a symmetrized cut-and-join equation.By comparing the coefficients of the lowest degree term of both sides in this equation,we can get the λ g conjecture.Then,in a similar way,we obtain our main result in this paper:a recursive formula for Hodge integral of type contains only one λ g 1-class.We also point out that our results are closely related to the degree 0 Virasoro conjecture for a curve.     

一类二次可逆系统的Abel积分

利用Picard-Fuchs方程法及Riccati方程法,研究了一类二次可逆系统在任意n次多项式扰动下Abel积分零点个数的上界问题,得到了当n≥4时,上界为10n+[n/2]-1.     

Integrable fermionic extensions of the Garnier system and the anharmonic oscillator

We first derive a fermionic extension of the Garnier system by applying the method of binary nonlinearization of spectral problem to the supersymmetric KdV equation of Kupershmidt and then a fermionic extension of the anharmonic oscillator by a simple reduction. The integrable properties of resulting systems such as Lax representations, corresponding r-matrices and conversed integrals of motion are established.     

The first integral method for constructing exact and explicit solutions to nonlinear evolution equations

Problems that are modeled by nonlinear evolution equations occur in many areas of applied sciences. In the present study, we deal with the negative order KdV equation and the generalized Zakharov system and derive some further results using the so‐called first integral method. By means of the established first integrals, some exact traveling wave solutions are obtained in a concise manner. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

关于发展方程的守恒率的一个标记

本文使用微分代数的技巧，研究了发展方程的守恒率与对应的行波所满足方程的首次积分之间的关系．通过文本给出的结果，我们研究了Burgers方程和Burgers—KdV方程的可积性，证明了这两类方程都只有一个守恒率．利用本文给出的方法，可以通过常微分方程的研究方法来研究某些非线性发展方程．     

Functional Integrals for the Schrodinger Equation on Compact Riemannian Manifolds

In this paper, we represent the solution of the Cauchy problem for the Schrodinger equation on compact Riemannian manifolds in terms of functional integrals with respect to the Wiener measure corresponding to the Brownian motion in a manifold and with respect to the Smolyanov surface measures constructed from the Wiener measure on trajectories in the underlying space. The representation of the solution is obtained for the case of analytic (on some sets) potential and analytic initial condition under certain assumptions on the geometric characteristics of the manifold. In the proof, we use a method due to Doss and the representations via functional integrals of the solution to the Cauchy problem for the heat equation in a compact Riemannian manifold.     

First integrals of the equations ofnon-linear wave dynamics

In algorithm for binding the first integrals of fourth-order non-linear differential equations, encountered when describing non-linearwave processes, is process, is proposed. The use of the method is illustrated by a number of examples. The first integrals obtained are employed to construct a solution of the generalized fifth-order Korteweg-de Vries equation in travelling-wave variables, which is expressed in terms of hyperelliptic integrals.     

Numerical Solution for the Helmholtz Equation with Mixed Boundary Condition

We consider the numerical solution for the Helmholtz equation in R~2 with mixed boundary conditions.The solvability of this mixed boundary value problem is estab- lished by the boundary integral equation method.Based on the Green formula,we express the solution in terms of the boundary data.The key to the numerical real- ization of this method is the computation of weakly singular integrals.Numerical performances show the validity and feasibility of our method.The numerical schemes proposed in this paper have been applied in the realization of probe method for inverse scattering problems.     

First integrals of difference equations which do not possess a variational formulation

The paper presents a new method for finding first integrals of difference equations which do not possess Lagrangians, nor Hamiltonians. In this paper we consider ordinary differential and difference equations. As an example we solve a third order nonlinear ordinary differential equation and its invariant discretization using three first integrals obtained by means of this method.     

First integrals and bifurcations of a Lane-Emden equation of the second kind

First integrals admitted by an approximate Lane-Emden equation modelling a thermal explosion in a rectangular slab and cylindrical vessel are investigated. By imposing the boundary conditions on the first integrals we obtain a nonlinear relationship between the temperature at the center of the vessel and the temperature gradient at the wall of the vessel. For a rectangular slab the presence of a bifurcation indicates multivalued solutions for the temperature at the center of the vessel when the temperature gradient at the wall is fixed. For a cylindrical vessel we find a bifurcation indicating multivalued solutions for the temperature gradient at the walls of the vessel when the temperature at the center of the vessel is fixed.     

An exponentially convergent algorithm for nonlinear differential equations in Banach spaces

An exponentially convergent approximation to the solution of a nonlinear first order differential equation with an operator coefficient in Banach space is proposed. The algorithm is based on an equivalent Volterra integral equation including the operator exponential generated by the operator coefficient. The operator exponential is represented by a Dunford-Cauchy integral along a hyperbola enveloping the spectrum of the operator coefficient, and then the integrals involved are approximated using the Chebyshev interpolation and an appropriate Sinc quadrature. Numerical examples are given which confirm theoretical results.

     

非定常Stokes方程的稳定化全离散有限体积元格式

本文研究非定常Stokes方程的有限体积元方法,给出一种基于两个局部高斯积分的稳定化全离散格式,并给其有限体积元解的误差分析.     

Integrable Discretisation of the Lotka-Volterra System

In this paper, we apply Hirota's discretisation to a three-dimensional integrable Lotka-Volterra system. By analyzing the three-dimensional modified equation of the resulting numerical method, we show that it is volume-preserving, and has two independent first integrals. Moreover, it can be formally reduced to a system in one dimension via a volume-preserving transformation. If the given initial value is located in the positive octant, we prove that the numerical solution is confined to a one-dimensional connected and compact space which is diffeomorphic to a circle.     

Newton’s method as applied to the Riemann problem for media with general equations of state

An approach based on Newton’s method is proposed for solving the Riemann problem for media with normal equations of state. The Riemann integrals are evaluated using a cubic approximation of an isentropic curve that is superior to the Simpson method in terms of accuracy, convergence rate, and efficiency. The potentials of the approach are demonstrated by solving problems for media obeying the Mie-Grüneisen equation of state. The algebraic equation of the isentropic curve and some exact solutions for configurations with rarefaction waves are explicitly given.     

与A-调和方程有关的两个结果

给出两个与A 调和方程有关的结果 .第一个结果是一类A 调和方程的很弱解可由调和函数逼近 .另一个是变分积分弱极值的充分必要条件     

Numerical flow-box theorems under structural assumptions

The numerical flow-box theorem says that locally, in the vicinityof nonequilibria, discretized solutions of an autonomous ordinarydifferential equation are exact solutions of a modified equationnearby: for stepsize h sufficiently small the original discretizationoperator is the time–h map of the solution operator ofthe modified equation. It is shown that the very same resultholds true in the following categories of differential equationsand discretizations: I/ preserving a finite number of first integrals; V/ preserving the volume form; S/ preserving the canonical symplectic form.