手性磷酸催化α-全碳季碳醛的不对称烯丙基化动力学拆分

手性全碳季碳立体中心的高效构建一直是不对称催化领域的难点和热点.其中,α-全碳季碳非环状醛因具有立体环境拥挤和构象多变性等结构特点,相关不对称合成方法一直发展缓慢.本工作基于手性醛和高烯丙基醇化合物的合成应用重要性,通过Antilla烯丙基化反应,采用2,4,6-三异丙基苯基取代的联萘二酚型手性磷酸催化剂,以较好的产率、立体选择性和选择性系数(最高达到37.0),实现了外消旋α-全碳季碳非环状醛的动力学拆分,为含α-全碳季碳的醛和高烯丙基醇两类手性化合物的合成提供了新思路.     

原位生成的烯丙基磷叶立德与醛的化学反应性研究

介绍了我们小组最近有关原位生成的烯丙基磷叶立德与醛的化学反应性研究结果.在化学计量叔膦作用下,烯丙基碳酸酯或联烯酸酯经原位生成的烯丙基磷叶立德活性中间体,与醛发生高度立体选择性的三组分Wittig烯化反应和vinylogous Wittig烯化反应,该类反应为合成多取代1,3-二烯衍生物提供了简单、高效的新方法;在催化量叔膦作用下,γ-甲基联烯酸酯经烯丙基磷叶立德关键中间体与醛发生多个膦催化的环化反应,为五元、六元含氧杂环化合物的合成提供了原子经济性的方法.通过氘代实验和核磁跟踪等方法,对上述反应机理进行了初步探索.     

16α-溴-17-羟基对映贝壳杉烷类化合物的合成

本文合成了7和8两种作为环化前体的16α-溴-17-羟基对映贝壳杉烷类化合物. SeO~2氧化烯丙基化合物10不能得到烯基醛化合物11, 但可得到一个13-乙酰基重排反应产物12.     

二氧化碳促进的醛和酮等羰基化合物烯丙基化反应研究

加入二氧化碳可以促进羰基化合物的烯丙基化反应. 实验结果表明: 在1.0 MPa的二氧化碳和2 equiv.的锡存在下, 以THF/H₂O为反应介质, 芳香醛化合物与烯丙基溴可以顺利地发生烯丙基化反应得到较高的产率, 而芳香酮化合物和脂肪醛等与烯丙基溴反应只得到较低的产率.     

多取代烯丙基硅化合物的立体选择性合成研究

烯丙基硅化合物是一类重要的有机合成中间体,能参与多种类型的化学转化反应,被广泛应用于C—C键构建和复杂化合物的合成反应中,探索官能化烯丙基硅化合物的立体选择性合成对丰富有机合成方法学研究有重要意义.利用有机硅取代的环丙基三级醇化合物的Julia烯烃化反应,得到了一系列新型的烷氧甲基取代的高碘代烯丙基硅化合物.相对于烷基取代的三级醇底物,芳基取代的三级醇底物能得到立体选择性更好的产物.     

纳米铝粉促进羰基化合物水相烯丙基化反应

氮气保护条件下,纳米铝在0.1 N NH₄Cl溶液中,能有效地促进羰基化合物与烯丙基溴进行Barbier-Grignard型烯丙基化反应,得到相应高烯丙醇。芳香族醛或酮的烯丙基化产率较高,而脂肪族羰基化合物反应产率低,反应产率受羰基空间位阻影响大,在同样条件下,邻羟基羰基化合物烯丙基化产物主要是赤式-邻二醇。     

烯丙基磷叶立德与羰基化合物的Vinylogous类型有机反应研究进展

烯丙基磷叶立德(allylic phosphorus ylides)是一类具有丰富反应性的有机中间体.由于碳负离子离域,烯丙基磷叶立德可通过γ位碳负离子参与亲核进攻,从而实现vinylogous(插烯)类型有机合成反应.综述了烯丙基磷叶立德与羰基化合物的vinylogous类型反应,具体包括vinylogous Wittig烯化反应以及多种环化反应.这些反应拓展了烯丙基磷叶立德在有机合成中的应用,并提供构筑多种重要有机功能分子的新方法.     

2-甲基-3-芳基烯丙基三苯基溴代鏻的合成

取代苯甲醛经醇醛缩合、硼氢化还原、溴代反应和成盐反应合成了２-甲基-３-间硝基苯基烯丙基三苯基溴化特和２-甲基-３-对硝基苯基烯丙基三苯基溴化鏻两个化合物,收率分别达８６．４％和６９．０％。结构经ＩＲ,1ＨＮＭＰ确证。     

从4-戊烯醛经增碳反应合成5-己烯酸甲酯类化合物

通过4,8,12-三甲基-4,8,12-三烯醛(1)类四戊烯醛衍生物的增一碳反应合成了5,9,13-三甲基-5,9,13-十四三烯醛甲酯(3)及5-己烯酸甲酯衍生物(7-9)。用甲氧基甲基三苯基膦处理4-戊烯醛类化合物生成烯基醚,PCC氧化所生成的烯醚则得到标题化合物,5-己烯酸甲酯类化合物。     

从4-戊烯醛经增碳反应合成5-己烯酸甲酯类化合物(英文)

通过4,8,12-三甲基-4,8,12-三烯醛(1)类四戊烯醛衍生物的增一碳反应合成了5,9,13-三甲基-5,9,13-十四三烯醛甲酯(3)及5-己烯酸甲酯衍生物(7～9)。用甲氧基甲基三苯基膦处理4-戊烯醛类化合物生成烯基醚,PCC氧化所生成的烯醚则得到标题化合物,5-己烯酸甲酯类化合物。     

Enantioselective total syntheses of (+)-decursin and related natural compounds using catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of an enone

The enantioselective total syntheses of (+)-decursin (1) and related natural dihydropyranocoumarins (−)-prantschimgin (3), (+)-decursinol (4), and (+)-marmesin (5) were achieved for the first time using catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of an enone as the key step. Catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of the enone was effectively promoted by the novel multifunctional asymmetric catalyst generated from La(O-i-Pr)₃, BINOL, and Ph₃AsO in a 1:1:1 ratio to afford epoxide in 94% yield and 96% ee, which was recrystallized to give optically pure epoxide. After conversion to the common key intermediate (−)-peucedanol (7), all natural dihydropyranocoumarins were synthesized through palladium-catalyzed intramolecular C-O coupling reactions. A possible reaction mechanism of the catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of enones is also described based on X-ray analysis, laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, kinetic studies, and asymmetric amplification studies.     

Formal total synthesis of (−)-spongidepsin

The formal total synthesis of (−)-spongidepsin is described. Three fragments I, II, and III were first prepared from readily available starting materials and then assembled to the target compound. The key steps involved in the synthesis are asymmetric α-hydroxylation, Ender's alkylation, and ring-closing metathesis reactions. An alternative route for the fragment II is also achieved involving Sharpless asymmetric epoxidation and Gilman's alkylation as key reactions.     

离子液体在不对称催化反应中的应用进展

综述了近年来离子液体在不对称催化反应中的应用,包括不对称Aldol反应、不对称氟化反应、酶催化的不对称还原反应、不对称催化氢化反应、不对称硅腈化反应、不对称环丙烷化反应、烯丙基的不对称取代反应、环氧化物的不对称开环反应、不对称环氧化反应、烯烃的不对称双羟基化反应、酶催化的醇的动力学拆分。参考文献43篇。     

Asymmetric organocatalytic epoxidation of alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes with hydrogen peroxide

The first asymmetric organocatalytic epoxidation of alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes is presented. A chiral bisaryl-silyl-protected pyrrolidine acts as a very selective epoxidation organocatalyst using simple oxidation agents, such as hydrogen peroxide and tert-butyl hydroperoxide. The asymmetric epoxidation reactions proceed under environmental friendly reaction condition in, for example, water mixtures of alcohols, and the scope of the reaction is demonstrated by the formation of optically active alpha,beta-epoxy aldehydes in high yields and enantioselectivities >94% ee. Furthermore, the direct synthesis of the sex pheromone from an acaric mite by asymmetric epoxidation of citral is presented.     

聚合物负载的手性催化剂和手性试剂和合成及应用

近年来,用聚合物负载的手性催化剂和手性试剂完成的不对称合成反应主要集中在潜手性酮的不对称还原反应;烯烃的不对称双羟基化反应;烯烃的不对称环氧化反应;不对称Ｄｉｅｌｓ－Ａｌｄｅｒ反应和饱和碳原子上的不对称取代反应。就近十年来聚合物负载手性催化剂和手性试剂的合成及应用进行了讨论。     

光学活性沙丁胺醇的不对称合成研究进展

综述了不对称反应合成光学活性沙丁胺醇的研究进展。其中包括手性辅基诱导、不对称硼氢化、不对称催化氢化、不对称转移氢化、不对称双羟基化反应、酶催化的不对称氰醇化反应等。     

Asymmetric Organocatalytic Epoxidations: Reactions,Scope, Mechanisms,and Applications

Chiral epoxides serve as versatile building blocks in the synthesis of complex organic frameworks. The high strain imposed by the three‐membered ring system makes epoxides prone to a variety of nucleophilic ring‐opening reactions. Since the development of the Sharpless epoxidation, there have been many important contributions and advances in this area. With the rapid development of the field of asymmetric organocatalysis, a wide range of organocatalysts is now able to catalyze the epoxidation of broad class of unsaturated carbonyl compounds. In this Minireview, recent progress in the development of organocatalytic asymmetric epoxidation methods, the proposed mechanisms of these reactions and their applications as intermediates is reported.     

Self-supported chiral catalysts for heterogeneous enantioselective reactions

The development of heterogeneous chiral catalysts for enantioselective reactions is highly desirable in order to overcome some drawbacks of homogeneous catalysts. Different from the conventional approaches by using various types of supports or biphasic systems for the recovery and reuse of homogeneous catalysts, a conceptually new strategy for heterogenization of homogeneous chiral catalysts, that is, a "self-supporting" approach, has been developed to use homochiral metal-organic coordination polymers generated by the self-assembly of chiral multitopic ligands with metal ions, and thus obviates the use of any support. In this concept article, the success of this "self-supporting" strategy will be exemplified in heterogeneous catalysis of asymmetric carbonyl-ene, sulfoxidation, epoxidation, and asymmetric hydrogenation reactions.     

基于天然氨基酸的双环手性季铵盐相转移催化剂的合成及催化性能研究

以L－脯氨酸及L－羟基脯氨酸为原料合成了4个新型手性季铵盐磁相转移催化 剂，并用于催化不对称查耳酮环氧化反应，高产率得到相应环氧化合物，ee最高达 9％。     

含松香骨架的新型手性季铵盐相转移催化剂的合成及其在不对称环氧化反应中的应用

以天然松香为原料合成了4个新型手性季铵盐类相转移催化剂, 并用于催化不对称查尔酮环氧化反应, 发现这类手性相转移催化剂可以有效地催化查尔酮的不对称环氧化, 环氧化产物ee最高达20%.