Long-Range Temporal Correlations in Kinetic Roughening

Journal of Statistical Physics - We introduce a class of generalized Langevin-type growth equations exhibiting long-ranged temporal correlations in kinetic roughening, and investigate memory...     

Kinetic Simulation of Nonequilibrium Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability

The recently developed discrete Boltzmann method(DBM), which is based on a set of uniform linear evolution equations and has high parallel efficiency, is employed to investigate the dynamic nonequilibrium process of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability(KHI). It is found that, the relaxation time always strengthens the global nonequilibrium(GNE), entropy of mixing, and free enthalpy of mixing. Specifically, as a combined effect of physical gradients and nonequilibrium area, the GNE intensity first increases but decreases during the whole life-cycle of KHI. The growth rate of entropy of mixing shows firstly reducing, then increasing, and finally decreasing trends during the KHI process. The trend of the free enthalpy of mixing is opposite to that of the entropy of mixing. Detailed explanations are:(i) Initially,binary diffusion smooths quickly the sharp gradient in the mole fraction, which results in a steeply decreasing mixing rate.(ii) Afterwards, the mixing process is significantly promoted by the increasing length of material interface in the evolution of the KHI.(iii) As physical gradients are smoothed due to the binary diffusion and dissipation, the mixing rate reduces and approaches zero in the final stage. Moreover, with the increasing Atwood number, the global strength of viscous stresses on the heavy(light) medium reduces(increases), because the heavy(light) medium has a relatively small(large) velocity change. Furthermore, for a smaller Atwood number, the peaks of nonequilibrium manifestations emerge earlier, the entropy of mixing and free enthalpy of mixing change faster, because the KHI initiates a higher growth rate.     

Kinetic Current-Convective Instability in Hot Electron Plasma

The kinetic current-convective instability excited in a hot electron plasma, i.e. for T_e ? T_i, is investigated in the linear stage. Density and temperature of plasma components have gradients along the x-direction. In the absence of longitudinal current (u = 0) and homogeneous temperature the instability is also excited with maximum growth rate much exceeding that obtained in the case of u ≠ 0. Gradual increasing of the ion temperature over that of the electrons and a large density gradient leads to reduce the instability in the linear stage.     

Kinetic Instability of Charged-Particle Flow in a Thunderstorm Cloud

We consider the linear stage of an instability of charged-particle flow in a thunderstorm cloud. A dispersion relation characterizing the temporal evolution of a spectral component of the quasistatic electric field is obtained with account of the size spread of large particles. This dispersion relation is studied for the cases of a monodispersed particle ensemble and a model distribution function. The dependences of the instability parameters on the large-particle size spread and the air-flow conductivity are obtained. __________ Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 48, No. 6, pp. 488–501, June 2005.     

用于超薄反射镜热成形的Pt、Pt/Cr分离膜

针对热弯玻璃成形法制备高精度超薄反射镜时Pt分离膜造成的镜片污染问题,研究了Pt/Cr分离膜中不同Cr层厚度对热成形超薄反射镜玻璃基底表面粗糙度的影响.采用厚度为0.3 mm的Schott D263玻璃作为超薄反射镜基底材料,选取Pt、Pt/Cr作为模具和D263镜片之间的分离层材料进行实验.Pt薄膜的厚度为50nm,Cr层厚度分别为5nm、3.5nm、2.5nm、1.5nm,热成形实验采用直接复制方式.实验结果表明:Cr层厚度为1.5nm时,成形后模具表面分离膜未发生脱落,镜片表面粗糙度约为0.5nm,与D263镜片初始值接近,能够满足高能X射线望远镜对反射镜基底表面粗糙度的要求.     

Kinetic Buneman Instability in a Homogeneous Hot Electron Plasma

The development of Buneman kinetic instability in plasma with hot electrons and cold ions is investigated in the quasilinear approximation at current velocites close to the instability threshold values. It is shown that the contribution of electron's dielectric permeability in the dispersion equation is negligible and that quasilinear theory has in general stabilizing effect.     

Kinetic Nonlinear Buneman's Instability in Field-Free Isothermal Collisonal Plasma

A nonlinear dispersion relation is derived and solved for a 1-D electron-ion two-stream (Buneman) instability excited in an isothermal field-free plasma. The major nonlinear mechanism is the qualilinear modification of the background distribution function. We take into consideration the effect of Coulomb collisions which describes the broadening of the Cherenkov interaction of waves with particles. Nonlinear effects seem to lead, in field-free plasma, to the increase in the current velocity and consequently, to the growth of the instability and a rapid turbulent heating of plasma electrons. The methods used here to solve the Vlasov's kinetic equation may also be used to investigate other types of current micro-instabilities in plasmas.     

Compressibility Effects on the Rayleigh--Taylor Instability Growth Rates

Effects of two compressibility parameters, i.e. the ratio of specific heats and the equilibrium pressure at the interface, on the Rayleigh-Taylor instability （RTI） growth rates are studied under the same initial conditions, which include the mass, pressure profile, and density profile of the two superposed fluids. The results obtained reconcile the stabilizing and destabilizing effects of compressibility reported in the literature. The influences of the ratio of specific heats on the RTI growth rates are not only stabilized but also destabilized. The effects of the equilibrium pressure at the interface on the growth rates are destabilized.     

The Kinetic Theory of Growth of Zr-Sn Diffusion Layers on Zr55Cua0Al10Ni5 Metallic Glass

The growth kinetics of the intermetallic compound layer between molten pure Sn and Zr55Cu30AlloNi5 bulk metallic glass （BMG） is mainly controlled by the diffusion mechanism at stage I at which the value of the time exponent is approximately 1/2, also there is unusual or unique stage Ⅱ whose time exponent of the growth is suppressed to 1/3. It is deduced that phase transition such as nucleation, coalescence occurring in the vicinity of the interface of the diffusion layer within the BMG and the average size growing as one-third power of time, called the Lifshitz-Slezov law. A more elegant means of attack is based upon the Fokker-Planck approach, which permits us to calculate directly the probability of the distribution of steady-state thickness fluctuations. Physical implications of the analytical results also give the one-third power of time of distance scale. The transmission of Sn particles through a disorder system of the BMG, scattered by the local fluctuation levels, is the source of the time exponent from 1/2 to 1/3 as a macroscopic cumulative effect.     

Interfacial Roughening in Field Theory

In the rough phase, the width of interfaces separating different phases of statistical systems increases logarithmically with the system size. This phenomenon is commonly described in terms of the capillary wave model, which deals with fluctuating, infinitely thin membranes, requiring ad hoc cut-offs in momentum space. We investigate the interface roughening in a unified approach, which does not rely on joining different models, namely in the framework of the Landau-Ginzburg model, that is renormalized field theory, in the one-loop approximation. The interface profile and width are calculated analytically, resulting in finite expressions with definite coefficients. They are valid in the scaling region and depend on the known renormalized coupling constant.     

Roughening rates of strained-layer instabilities

We study the evolution of the morphology of Si0.75Ge0.25 strained layers using a wide range of deposition times, 60相似文献   

The Influence of Film Thickness on Annealing-Induced Grain Growth in Pt Films

Technical Physics - Pt films with thickness h = 20–100 nm deposited on oxidized с-Si(100) substrate have been subjected to vacuum annealing at 500°C for 1 h, which resulted in...