基于Bell态和Bell测量的无信息泄露受控双向量子安全直接通信(英文)

提出一个无信息泄露的受控双向量子安全直接通信协议.协议中合法通信双方Alice和Bob在控制者Charlie的控制下实现彼此秘密信息的安全交换,利用3个Bell态纠缠交换后的测量相关性来克服信息泄露问题.由于该协议仅利用Bell态作为量子资源,而且仅需要进行Bell测量,所以方便实现.安全性分析表明,该协议不仅能检测到外部窃听者的主动攻击,而且还能检测到控制者Charlie的不诚实行为,因此,具备良好的安全性.     

Quantum Bidirectional Secure Direct Communication via Entanglement Swapping

In light of a quantum secure direct communication （QSDC） scheme using entanglement swapping [Chin. Phys. Lett. 22 （2005）18], by introducing additional local operations for encoding, we propose a bidirectional QSDC （BQSDC） protocol, in which two legitimate users can simultaneously exchange their respective messages. The rule for the users to retrieve his/her partner＇s messages is derived explicitly in the most general case. Eve＇s commonly used attack method has been discussed and can be detected with the security checking process.     

A Quantum Secure Direct Communication Protocol Without Quantum Memories

In this Letter, we propose a quantum secure direct communication protocol based on single photons without quantum memories. In the proposed protocol, quantum states are transmitted in a stream but not in a quantum data block, hence, quantum memories are unnecessary. Compare with other protocols the advantages of our protocol are smaller quantum space usage, lower cost and more easily being implemented experimentally.     

Single-Photon Secure Quantum Dialogue Protocol Without Information Leakage

Combining the idea of ping-pong protocol with Controlled-NOT operation, we propose a secure quantum dialogue protocol based on single-photonss. Bob obtains the information of the encrypted quantum state by performing Controlled-NOT operation on the auxiliary particle and the encrypted single-photonss. Unlike the previous quantum dialogue protocols based on single-photonss, the proposed protocol not only overcomes information leakage but also possesses an acceptable efficiency.     

Bidirectional Quantum Secure Direct Communication in Trapped Ion Systems

We propose a feasible scheme for implementing quantum secure direct communication in trapped ion systems. According to the results measured by the sender, the receiver can obtain different secret messages in a deterministic way. Our scheme is insensitive to both the initial vibrational state and heating. The probability of the success in our scheme is 1.0.     

Bidirectional Quantum Secure Direct Communication Network Protocol with Hyperentanglement

We propose a bidirectional quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) network protocol with the hyperentanglment in both the spatial-mode ad the polarization degrees of freedom of photon pairs which can in principle be produced with a beta barium borate crystal. The secret message can be encoded on the photon pairs with unitary operations in these two degrees of freedom independently. Compared with other QSDC network protocols, our QSDC network protocol has a higher capacity as each photon pair can carry 4 bits of information. Also, we discuss the security of our QSDC network protocol and its feasibility with current techniques.     

Information Leakage in Efficient Bidirectional Quantum Secure Direct Communication with Single Photons in Both Polarization and Spatial-Mode Degrees of Freedom

Recently, Wang et al. presented a bidirectional quantum secure direct communication protocol with single photons in both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom (Int. J. Theor. Phys. 54(10): 3443-3453, 2015). They claimed that their protocol was efficient and removed the drawback of information leakage. However, we found that the information leakage actually exists in their protocol. In this paper, we analyze Wang et al.’s protocol in detail. In addition, we propose an improvement to avoid the information leakage. The security of the improved protocol has also been discussed.     

Controlled Bidirectional Quantum Secure Direct Communication with Six-Qubit Entangled States

International Journal of Theoretical Physics - In this paper, a controlled bidirectional quantum secure direct communication (CBQSDC) protocol is proposed by using six-qubit entangled states. It...     

Information Leakage Problem in Efficient Bidirectional Quantum Secure Direct Communication with Single Photons in Both Polarization and Spatial-Mode Degrees of Freedom

The information leakage problem in the efficient bidirectional quantum secure direct communication protocol with single photons in both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom is pointed out. Next, a way to revise this protocol to a truly secure one is given. We hope people pay more attention to the information leakage problem in order to design truly secure quantum communication protocols.     

Secure Quantum Dialogue Protocol Based on W States Without Information Leakage

A quantum dialogue protocol is proposed based on triple particle W states. Each particle is transferred only once in the entire communication, which reduces the risk of eavesdropping and improves the security of the protocol. The protocol can resist various attacks. The efficiency of this protocol can be up to 80 % without information leakage.     

Novel Multiparty Controlled Bidirectional Quantum Secure Direct Communication Based on Continuous-variable States

A novel multiparty controlled bidirectional quantum secure direct communication protocol combining continuous-variable states with qubit block transmission is proposed. Two legitimate communication parties encode their own secret information into entangled optical modes with translation operations, and the secret information of each counterpart can only be recovered under the permission of all controllers. Due to continuous-variable states and block transmission strategy, the proposed protocol is easy to realize with perfect qubit efficiency. Security analyses show that the proposed protocol is free from common attacks, including the man-in-the-middle attack.     

Robust Quantum Secure Direct Communication and Deterministic Secure Quantum Communication over Collective Dephasing Noisy Channel

We propose two schemes for quantum secure direct communication （QSDC） and deterministic secure quantum communication （DSQC） over collective dephasing noisy channel. In our schemes, four special two-qubit states are used as the quantum channel. Since these states are unchanged through the collective dephasing noisy channel, the effect of the channel noise can be perfectly overcome. Simultaneously, the security against some usual attacks can be ensured by utilizing the various checking procedures. Furthermore, these two schemes are feasible with present-day technique.     

Robust Quantum Secure Direct Communication and Deterministic Secure Quantum Communication over Collective Dephasing Noisy Channel

We propose two schemes for quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) and deterministic secure quantum communication (DSQC) over collective dephasing noisy channel. In our schemes, four special two-qubit states are used as the quantum channel. Since these states are unchanged through the collective dephasing noisy channel, the effect of the channel noise can be perfectly overcome. Simultaneously, the security against some usual attacks can be ensured by utilizing the various checking procedures. Furthermore, these two schemes are feasible with present-day technique.     

Improvement on Quantum Secure Direct Communication with W State in Noisy Channel

An improvement （Y-protocol） [Commun. Theor. Phys. 49 （2008） 103] on the quantum secure direct communication with W state （C-protocol） [Chin. Phys. Lett. 23 （2006） 290] is proposed by Yuan et al. The quantum bit error rate induced by eavesdropper is 4.17% in C-protocol and 6.25% in Y-protocoL In this paper, another improvement on C-protocol is given. The quantum bit error rate of the eavesdropping will increase to 8.75%, which is 1.1 times larger than that in C-protocol and 0.4 times larger than that in Y-protocol.     

Efficient Controlled Quantum Secure Direct Communication Protocols

We study controlled quantum secure direct communication (CQSDC), a cryptographic scheme where a sender can send a secret bit-string to an intended recipient, without any secure classical channel, who can obtain the complete bit-string only with the permission of a controller. We report an efficient protocol to realize CQSDC using Cluster state and then go on to construct a (2-3)-CQSDC using Brown state, where a coalition of any two of the three controllers is required to retrieve the complete message. We argue both protocols to be unconditionally secure and analyze the efficiency of the protocols to show it to outperform the existing schemes while maintaining the same security specifications.     

Quantum Secure Direct Communication Using W State

A theoretical scheme of quantum secure direct communication using teleportation is proposed. In the scheme, the sender needs to prepare a class of three-particle W states to use as quantum channel. The two communicators may communicate after they test the security of the quantum channel. The security of the protocol is ensured by quantum entanglement and quantum no-cloning theorem. The receiver can obtain the secret message determinately if the quantum channel is secure.     

Quantum Secure Direct Communication with Cluster State

We propose a novel protocol for quantum secure direct communication with cluster states. In this protocol, the two legitimate users, Alice and Bob, can directly transmit the secret messages by using the Bell-basis measurement and Z-basis measurement, respectively, in classical communication. Since our quantum secure direct communication protocol is based on the cluster state, it is easily processed by a one-way quantum computer.     

Quantum Secure Direct Communication Based on Authentication

We propose two schemes of quantum secure direct communication （QADC） combined ideas of user authentication [Phys. Rev. A 73 （2006） 042305] and direct communication with dense coding [Phys. Rev. A. 68 （2003） 042317]. In these protocols, the privacy of authentication keys and the properties of the EPR pairs not only ensure the realization of identity authentication but also further improve the security of communication, and no secret messages are leaked even if the messages were broken.     

Quantum Secure Direct Communication with W State

A new theoretical scheme for quantum secure direct communication is proposed, where four-qubit symmetric W state functions as quantum channel. It is shown that two legitimate users can directly transmit the secret messages by using Bell-basis measurements and classical communication. The scheme is completely secure if the quantum channel is perfect. Even if the quantum channel is unsecured, it is still possible for two users to perform their secure communication. One bit secret message can be transmitted by sending a bit classical information.