气液两相瞬变流的流固耦合模型研究

传统的气液两相流瞬态分析和管道动力响应计算是分开的，存在一定的缺陷．针对石油工业中常见的多相混输问题，介绍了常见的气液两相流瞬态模型和流固之间存在的耦合机理，在不作薄壁管假设的前提下推导出了气液两相瞬变流的流固耦合模型．与现有相似模型的对比分析表明，这一模型比较全面地考虑了流体和管道的特性以及不同的耦合形式，可以适应实验和／或仿真研究的需要．     

旋转直管内气固或液固两相流动浓度分布

本文针对旋转直管内气固或液固两相流动，建立了经过适当简经处理的颗粒无量纲运动方程，得到了稳定状态下直管内颗粒的浓度分布公式，从而为气固两相流风机或液固两相流泵的颗粒浓度分布研究打下了基础。     

密相液固两相湍流流动研究

在ＩＰＳＡＲ算法基础上推导了适用于考虑液度变化影响的密相液固两相湍流流动数值计算的ＤＩＰＳＡＲ算法，并采用低雷诺数模型，对竖直上升管中密相液固两相湍流分别采用ＩＰＳＡＲ算法和ＤＩＰＳＡＲ算法进行了数值计算，计算值与实测值较符合，计算结果的比较表明ＤＩＰＳＡＲ算法能更有效地预测密相液固两相湍流流动     

水平管道气固两相分层流动过程的研究

以空气作为输送动力、粉煤灰及玻璃微珠作为输送物料,对气力输送管道中气固两相流的流动特性进行了系统的试验研究.对管路系统的特性、操作条件、物料和气体的性质等影响气固两相流压力损失的主要因素进行了探讨.并在实验的基础上对两相流动的沉积速度、经济速度进行了确定.同时在对粉体受力分析的基础上建立了分层流动的物理及数学模型,通过对比数学模型计算值与试验值得出该数学模型具有一定的计算精度,能够用于指导分层流动的研究及应用.     

气液两相流理论与气幕降噪

气液两相流是广泛存在于工业过程中的复杂现象。本文将就气液两相流的理论、声学特性等方面进行综述,并对其在降噪方面的应用前景进行展望。     

采用PTV技术研究循环流化床内气固两相流动

采用PTV技术对循环流化床顶部颗粒稀疏流动区域进行了测量，其中采用先进的高速摄像技术获取流动的连续图像，并采用目前有望在气固两相流动测量中发挥较大作用的四种PTV算法：BICC法、VGT法、SPRING法和4-FRAME法，对所获取的图像进行颗粒配对处理，从而得到流场中运动颗粒的速度信息。所得到的结论为：本文所采用的PTV算法在图像处理中都产生少量的伪矢量，通过采取简单的伪矢量识别算法就可以剔除大部分伪矢量；本文实验条件下，测得循环流化床顶部区域内颗粒运动速度差别较小。本文工作为进一步详细实验测量研究奠定了理论与技术基础。     

气固两相边界层中固粒与拟序结构相互作用的研究

本文对气固两相边界层中固体颗粒与拟序结构的相互作用进行了研究，建立了基于速度修正的双向耦合模型，提出了计算固粒对流场反作用的新方法以及大大减少计算量的快速涡方法，并据此得到了边界气固两相之间的相互作用结果。     

稠密气固两相湍流流动的实验和数值模拟

基于气固两相流动模型计算循环流化床内稠密气固两相流湍流动,颗粒动理学方法模拟颗粒相湍动能,ＳＧＳ模型模拟气相湍流,采用γ－射线密度计和非等速取样管测量局部颗粒浓度和流率,利用ＦＦＴ方法计算颗粒浓度功率谱密度。模拟计算得到上升管内气相和固相速度和浓度分布等。同时数值模拟与Ｔｓｕｊｉ等和Ｋｎｏｗｌｔｏｎ等试验结果进行了比较,结果表明数值模拟计算与实验结果相吻合。     

气液两相涡街稳定性的研究

通过气液两相涡街试验研究和理论分析，首次得出了当有稳定的气液两相涡街发生时，气液两相涡街结构参数的取值及变化规律     

气液两相流压力波传播速度研究

将双流体模型用于绝热无相的管道气液两相流,依据小扰动线化分析原理,导出了压力波波数Ｋ方程通过对不同空隙率下肉体上压力波小随角频率变化的计算,研究了虚拟质量力和狭义相间阻力对压力波波速及其人色散性的影响。对泡状流和弹状流压力波波速的计算结果与前人的测量结果作了比较,两者符合良好。     

High-resolution algorithms of sharp interface treatment for compressible two-phase flows

In this paper, a kind of arbitrary high order derivatives (ADER) scheme based on the generalised Riemann problem is proposed to simulate multi-material flows by a coupling ghost fluid method. The states at cell interfaces are reconstructed by interpolating polynomials which are piece-wise smooth functions. The states are treated as the equivalent of the left and right states of the Riemann problem. The contact solvers are extrapolated in the vicinity of contact points to facilitate ghost fluids. The numerical method is applied to compressible flows with sharp discontinuities, such as the collision of two fluids of different physical states and gas–liquid two-phase flows. The numerical results demonstrate that unexpected physical oscillations through the contact discontinuities can be prevented effectively and the sharp interface can be captured efficiently.     

Eulerian prediction of the fluid/particle correlated motion in turbulent two-phase flows

An approximate equation governing the turbulent fluid velocity encountered along discrete particle path is used to derive the fluid/particle turbulent moments required for dispersed two-phase flows modelling. Then, closure model predictions are compared with results obtained from large-eddy simulation of particle fluctuating motion in forced isotropic fluid turbulence.     

An analytic solution of dense two-phase flow in a vertical pipeline

According to a mathematical model for dense two-phase flows presented in theprevious paper,a dense two-phase flow in a vertical pipeline is analytically solved,and theanalytic expressions of velocity of each continuous phase and dispersed phase arerespectively derived The results show that when the drag force between two phases dependslinearly on their relative velocity,the relative velocity profile in the pipeline coincides withDarcy’s law except for the thin layer region near the pipeline wall,and that the theoreticalassumptions in the dense two-phase flow theory mentioned are reasonable.     

Experimental determination of the flow transport coefficients in the coupled equations of two-phase flow in porous media

The transport coefficients in the coupled equations of two-phase flow are defined if the pressure gradient in one of the two flowing fluids is equal to zero. This definition has been used in experiments with oil and water in a sandpack and the four transport coefficients have been measured over wide water saturation ranges. The values of the cross coefficients were found to be significant as they ranged from 10 to 35% of the value of the effective permeability to water and from 5 to 15% of the effective permeability to oil, respectively.     

Solution to the Riemann problem for drift-flux model with modified Chaplygin two-phase flows

In this paper, we concern about the Riemann problem for compressible no-slip drift-flux model which represents a system of quasi-linear partial differential equations derived by averaging the mass and momentum conservation laws with modified Chaplygin two-phase flows. We obtain the exact solution of Riemann problem by elaborately analyzing characteristic fields and discuss the elementary waves namely, shock wave, rarefaction wave and contact discontinuity wave. By employing the equality of pressure and velocity across the middle characteristic field, two nonlinear algebraic equations with two unknowns as gas density ahead and behind the middle wave are formed. The Newton–Raphson method of two variables is applied to find the unknowns with a series of initial data from the literature. Finally, the exact solution for the physical quantities such as gas density, liquid density, velocity, and pressure are illustrated graphically.     

Origin and quantification of coupling between relative permeabilities for two-phase flows in porous media

An extended formulation of Darcy's two-phase law is developed on the basis of Stokes' equations. It leads, through results borrowed from the thermodynamics of irreversible processes, to a matrix of relative permeabilities. Nondiagonal coefficients of this matrix are due to the viscous coupling exerted between fluid phases, while diagonal coefficients represent the contribution of both fluid phases to the total flow, as if they were alone. The coefficients of this matrix, contrary to standard relative permeabilities, do not depend on the boundary conditions imposed on two-phase flow in porous media, such as the flow rate. This formalism is validated by comparison with experimental results from tests of two-phase flow in a square cross-section capillary tube and in porous media. Coupling terms of the matrix are found to be nonnegligible compared to diagonal terms. Relationships between standard relative permeabilities and matrix coefficients are studied and lead to an experimental way to determine the new terms for two-phase flow in porous media.     

Measuring transport coefficients necessary for the description of coupled two-phase flow of immiscible fluids in porous media

In the simplist cases of coupled two-phase flow of immiscible fluids in porous media, the governing equations usually are written to show that there are four independent transport coefficients that implicitly have to be separately measured. The analysis presented here accordingly indicates that two types of known experiments involving two measurements apiece are needed at each fluid saturation condition in order to provide the necessary and sufficient information by which the unsteady as well as the steady states of ensuing transport processes can be established and characterized. Apparently, however, the fact that methodologies are already available for the required laboratory work either is not widely appreciated or it is being overlooked. For this reason and others, mention is made of the surprising fact that the experimental difficulties to be confronted in the actual study of coupled transport processes are no greater than those that have already been dealt with by the advocates of classical relative permeability theory (i.e. the traditionalists who simplistically model two-phase flow as though no coupling effects are involved).     

Numerical investigations of the XFEM for solving two-phase incompressible flows

This paper discusses the application of the extended finite element method (XFEM) to solve two-phase incompressible flows. The Navier–Stokes equations are discretised using the Taylor–Hood finite element. To capture the different discontinuities across the interface, kink or jump enrichments are used for the velocity and/or pressure fields. However, these enrichments may lead to an inappropriate combination of interpolations. Different polynomial enrichment orders and different enrichment functions are investigated; only the stable combination will be used afterward.

In cases with a surface tension force, the accuracy mainly relies on the precise computation of the normal and curvature. A novel method for computing normal vectors to the interface is proposed. This method employs successive mesh refinements inside the cut elements. Comparisons with analytical and numerical solutions demonstrate that the method is effective. Moreover, the mesh refinement improves the sub-integration in the XFEM and allows for a precise re-initialisation procedure.     

Methodology for numerical simulations of ellipsoidal particle-laden flows

Despite being relevant in many natural and industrial processes, suspensions of nonspherical particles have been largely underinvestigated compared with the extensive analyses made on the gravity-driven motions of spherical particles. One of the main reasons for this disparity is the difficulty of accurately correcting the short-range hydrodynamic forces and torques acting on complex particles. These effects, also known as lubrication, are essential to the suspension of the particles and are usually poorly captured by direct numerical simulation of particle-laden flows. In this article, we propose a partitioned volume penalization-discrete element method solver, which estimates the unresolved hydrodynamic forces and torques. Corrections are made locally on the surface of the interacting particles without any assumption on the particle global geometry. Numerical validations have been made using ellipsoidal particles immersed in an incompressible Navier-Stokes flow.     

The use of drift-flux techniques for the analysis of horizontal two-phase flows

New data is presented for horizontal air/water two-phase flow having various flow regimes. It is shown that drift-flux models are able to correlate these data and that the drift velocity, V_gj, is normally finite.