General construction of symmetric parabolic structures

First we introduce a generalization of symmetric spaces to parabolic geometries. We provide construction of such parabolic geometries starting with classical symmetric spaces and we show that all regular parabolic geometries with smooth systems of involutive symmetries can be obtained in this way. Further, we investigate the case of parabolic contact geometries in great detail and we provide the full classification of those with semisimple groups of symmetries without complex factors. Finally, we explicitly construct all non-trivial contact geometries with non-complex simple groups of symmetries. We also indicate geometric interpretations of some of them.     

Non-rigid parabolic geometries of Monge type

In this paper we study a novel class of parabolic geometries which we call parabolic geometries of Monge type. These parabolic geometries are defined by gradings such that their −1 component contains a nonzero co-dimension 1 abelian subspace whose bracket with its complement is non-degenerate. We completely classify the simple Lie algebras with such gradings in terms of elementary properties of the defining set of simple roots. In addition we characterize those parabolic geometries of Monge type which are non-rigid in the sense that they have nonzero harmonic curvatures in positive weights. Standard models of all non-rigid parabolic geometries of Monge type are described by under-determined ODE systems. The full symmetry algebras for these under-determined ODE systems are explicitly calculated; surprisingly, these symmetries are all just prolonged point symmetries.     

Symmetric parabolic contact geometries and symmetric spaces

We discuss parabolic contact geometries carrying a smooth system of symmetries. We show that there is a symmetric space such that the parabolic geometry $ \left( {\mathcal{G}\to M,\omega } \right) $ is a fibre bundle over this symmetric space if and only if the base manifold M is a homogeneous reexion space. We investigate the conditions under which there is an invariant geometric structure on this symmetric space induced by the parabolic contact geometry.     

Free CR distributions

There are only some exceptional CR dimensions and codimensions such that the geometries enjoy a discrete classification of the pointwise types of the homogeneous models. The cases of CR dimensions n and codimensions n ² are among the very few possibilities of the so-called parabolic geometries. Indeed, the homogeneous model turns out to be PSU(n+1,n)/P with a suitable parabolic subgroup P. We study the geometric properties of such real (2n+n ²)-dimensional submanifolds in for all n > 1. In particular, we show that the fundamental invariant is of torsion type, we provide its explicit computation, and we discuss an analogy to the Fefferman construction of a circle bundle in the hypersurface type CR geometry.     

Diagrams,Tensors and Geometric Reasoning

Geometry and in particular projective geometry (and its corresponding invariant theory) deals a lot with structural properties of geometric objects and their interrelations. This papers describes how concepts of tensor calculus can be used to express geometric invariants and how, in particular, diagrammatic notation can be used to deal with invariants in a highly intuitive way. In particular we explain how geometries like euclidean or spherical geometry can be dealt with in this framework. Dedicated to the memory of Victor Klee, and in particular to his striving for conceptual simplicity     

Subcomplexes in curved BGG-sequences

BGG-sequences offer a uniform construction for invariant differential operators for a large class of geometric structures called parabolic geometries. For locally flat geometries, the resulting sequences are complexes, but in general the compositions of the operators in such a sequence are nonzero. In this paper, we show that under appropriate torsion freeness and/or semi-flatness assumptions certain parts of all BGG sequences are complexes. Several examples of structures, including quaternionic structures, hypersurface type CR structures and quaternionic contact structures are discussed in detail. In the case of quaternionic structures we show that several families of complexes obtained in this way are elliptic.     

Symmetries of parabolic geometries

We generalize the concept of affine locally symmetric spaces for parabolic geometries. We discuss mainly |1|-graded geometries and we show some restrictions on their curvature coming from the existence of symmetries. We use the theory of Weyl structures to discuss more interesting |1|-graded geometries which can carry a symmetry in a point with nonzero curvature. More concretely, we discuss the number of different symmetries which can exist at the point with nonzero curvature.     

A microscopic convexity principle for spacetime convex solutions of fully nonlinear parabolic equations

We study microscopic spacetime convexity properties of fully nonlinear parabolic partial differential equations. Under certain general structure condition, we establish a constant rank theorem for the spacetime convex solutions of fully nonlinear parabolic equations. At last, we consider the parabolic convexity of solutions to parabolic equations and the convexity of the spacetime second fundamental form of geometric flows.     

Geometric orbit datum and orbit covers

Vogan conjectured that the parabolic induction of orbit data is independent of the choice of the parabolic subgroup. In this paper we first give the parabolic induction of orbit covers, whose relationship with geometric orbit datum is also induced. Hence we show a geometric interpretation of orbit data and finally prove the conjugation for geometric orbit datum using geometric method.     

Parabolic symmetric spaces

We study here systems of symmetries on |1|-graded parabolic geometries. We are interested in smooth systems of symmetries, and we discuss non-flat homogeneous |1|-graded geometries. We show the existence of an invariant admissible affine connection under quite weak condition on the system.     

The Quenching Set of a MEMS Capacitor in Two-Dimensional Geometries

The formation of finite time singularities in a nonlinear parabolic fourth order partial differential equation (PDE) is investigated for a variety of two-dimensional geometries. The PDE is a variant of a canonical model for Micro–Electro Mechanical systems (MEMS). The singularities are observed to form at specific points in the domain and correspond to solutions whose values remain finite but whose derivatives diverge as the finite time singularity is approached. This phenomenon is known as quenching. An asymptotic analysis reveals that the quenching set can be predicted by simple geometric considerations suggesting that the phenomenon described is generic to higher order parabolic equations which exhibit finite time singularity.     

Essential Killing fields of parabolic geometries: projective and conformal structures

We use the general theory developed in our article [?ap A., Melnick K., Essential Killing fields of parabolic geometries, Indiana Univ. Math. J. (in press)], in the setting of parabolic geometries to reprove known results on special infinitesimal automorphisms of projective and conformal geometries.     

On sheets of orbit covers for classical semisimple lie groups

David Vogan gave programmatic conjectures about the Dixmier's map and he made two conjectures that induction may be independent of the choice of parabolic group used and the sheets of orbit data are conjugated or disjointed[1]. In our previous paper, we gave a geometric version of the parabolic induction of the geometric orbit datum (i.e. orbit covers), and proved Vogan's first conjecture for geometric orbit datum:the parabolic induction of the geometric orbit datum is independent of the choice of parabolic group. In this paper, we will prove the other Vogan's conjecture, that is, the sheets are conjugated or disjointed for classical semisimple complex groups.``     

Geometric approach to parabolic induction

In this paper we construct a “restriction” map from the cocenter of a reductive group G over a local non-archimedean field F to the cocenter of a Levi subgroup. We show that the dual map corresponds to parabolic induction and deduce that parabolic induction preserves stability. We also give a new (purely geometric) proof that the character of normalized parabolic induction does not depend on the parabolic subgroup. In the appendix, we use a similar argument to extend a theorem of Lusztig–Spaltenstein on induced unipotent classes to all infinite fields. We also prove a group version of a theorem of Harish-Chandra about the density of the span of regular semisimple orbital integrals.     

Minimum Weight and Dimension Formulas for Some Geometric Codes

The geometric codes are the duals of the codes defined by the designs associated with finite geometries. The latter are generalized Reed–Muller codes, but the geometric codes are, in general, not. We obtain values for the minimum weight of these codes in the binary case, using geometric constructions in the associated geometries, and the BCH bound from coding theory. Using Hamada's formula, we also show that the dimension of the dual of the code of a projective geometry design is a polynomial function in the dimension of the geometry.     

Parabolic equations with BMO coefficients in Lipschitz domains

In this paper, we are concerned with certain natural Sobolev-type estimates for weak solutions of inhomogeneous problems for second-order parabolic equations in divergence form. The geometric setting is that of time-independent cylinders having a space intersection assumed to be locally given by graphs with small Lipschitz coefficients, the constants of the operator being uniformly parabolic. We prove the relevant L^p estimates, assuming that the coefficients are in parabolic bounded mean oscillation (BMO) and that their parabolic BMO semi-norms are small enough.     

Instability in a geometric parabolic equation on convex domain instability on convex domain

We prove that any non-constant smooth static solution to a geometric parabolic system is unstable, provided that the domain is convex. As the important applications, we shall consider the Landau-Lifshitz equation and the heat flow for harmonic map.