Co3O4-CeO2 Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Characterization

Co3O4-Ce O2 nanoparticles with increasing Co/Ce atomic ratio were prepared by wet impregnation and characterized by means of X-ray photoelectron. Co3O4 is prevalent in the samples with lower cobalt content, whereas Co3O4 is the main presence at high Co/Ce atomic ratios.Ce O2 is slightly reduced: Ce(III) is evident at the interface supported/ supporting oxide.X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy allowed us to obtain interesting information concerning particle dimensions and growing morphology. New acidic/basic sites are evident on the surface of the nanocomposites; this is particularly evident in the samples with lower cobalt content.     

Preparation and characterization of LiAlxMn2-xO4 for a supercapacitor in aqueous electrolyte

LiAl_xMn_2—xO₄ (0≤x≤0.5) was synthesized by high temperature solid-state reaction. The structure and morphology of LiAl_xMn_2—xO₄ were investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that all samples show spinel phase. The polyhedral particles turn to club-shaped, then change to small spherical, and finally become agglomerates with increasing Al content. The supercapacitive performances of LiAl_xMn_2—xO₄ were studied by means of galvanostatic charge-discharge, cyclic voltammetry, and alternating current (AC) impedance in 2 mol·L⁻¹ (NH₄)₂SO₄ aqueous solution. The results show that LiAl_xMn_2—xO₄ represents rectangular shape performance in the potential range of 0-1 V. The capacity and cycle performance can be improved by doping Al. The composition of x=0.1 has the maximum special capacitance of 160 F·g⁻¹, which is 1.37 times that of LiMn₂O₄ electrode. The capacitance loss of LiAl_xMn_2—xO₄ with x=0.1 is only about 14% after 100 cycles.     

Sol-gel preparation and characterization of Co3O4 nanocrystals

A new citrate acid-hydrazine sol-gel route for preparation of Co₃O₄ nanoparticles has been developed. Co₃O₄ nanoparticles with different particle-sizes and morphology were prepared at different heat-treatment temperatures and the pure cubic nanocrystals of Co₃O₄ were obtained at 600℃. The synthesis process was monitored by infrared spectroscopy (IR), thermal gravimetric and differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA). The structure and morphology of Co₃O₄ nanocrystals were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray-photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The infrared absorption bands blue-shifted with particle size decreasing, which could be attributed to increasing surface effect. XPS results showed that predominant species at surface layers of Co₃O₄ nanocrystals are octahedral Co (Ⅲ).     

复合氧化物Co3O4/Bi2O3对甲苯的光催化作用

采用微乳法制备复合氧化物Co₃O₄/Bi₂O₃纳米粒子， 用TG-DTA， XRD， XPS和FT-IR对其表征， 以甲苯为气相有机污染物研究Co₃O₄/Bi₂O₃的光催化活性. 结果表明， 微乳法制备的Co₃O₄/Bi₂O₃粒子光催化活性优于纯氧化铋； 活性的提高程度与n(Co) ∶n(Bi)有关， 其最佳配比为0.02 ∶1； 光催化活性随焙烧温度升高而增大, 750 ℃焙烧的样品催化活性最好.     

溶液雾化氧化法制备四氧化三钴粉末

针对溶液雾化氧化法制备四氧化三钴粉末过程,研究了工程实验条件下反应温度、雾化压力和氯化钴溶液流量等参数对钴氧化率、粉末粒度和粉末松装密度的影响.在反应温度750℃、氯化钴溶液质量浓度120 g.L-1、压缩空气压力0.23 MPa、氯化钴溶液压力0.15 MPa以及氯化钴溶液流量40 L.h-1条件下,制备的氧化钴再经750℃热处理2 h后,钴氧化率达到100%,钴质量分数为73.04%,松装密度为0.48 g.cm-3,平均粒径为7.61μm.工程实验研究结果表明溶液雾化氧化法可以高效快速制备高品质四氧化三钴粉末,过程简单、清洁,具有产业化应用前景.     

树叶状Co和Co3O4的水热合成与磁性研究

以氯化钴(CoCl2.6H2O)和氢氧化钠作为反应前驱物,采用水热法合成微米级树叶状钴单质,在500℃退火条件下得到形貌相似的Co3O4粒子,并运用XRD、SEM和VSM对所得粒子的结构、形貌和磁性能进行了初步研究。结果表明,树叶状钴单质表现出室温铁磁行为,具有较高的磁参数,其中饱和磁化强度为139.3emu/g、矫顽力为29.5kA/m。同时发现,在500℃×1h退火后的Co3O4还出现极弱的铁磁性行为,可能是未完全氧化的Co单质所产生。     

CaO-ZrO2-TiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2玻璃陶瓷的制备及化学稳定性研究

玻璃陶瓷是固化处理中、高放废物和α废物较为理想的候选材料之一。研究了特定条件下制备的CaO-ZrO2-TiO2-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2体系玻璃陶瓷在水淬和空气中自然冷却的两种冷却制度对其结晶行为和显微结构的影响,用粉末浸泡实验方法测试了其化学稳定性。结果表明:自然冷却形成的玻璃陶瓷晶相主要是ZrSiO4和ZrTiO4;在25～70℃范围内,温度对玻璃陶瓷浸出率无明显影响,90℃下浸出率比25℃,40℃,70℃的浸出率高一个数量级;7 d元素总的归一化浸出为1.87 g/m2。     

络合法制备CexZr1—xO2固溶体及其表征

介绍了一种新的制备铈锆氧化物固溶体CexZr1-xO2(x≥0．5）的方法：将碳酸铈和氯氧化锆按需要的比例混合,经过销酸处理成透明溶液,加入合适的配合剂,然后用氨水沉淀,底物经过滤,干燥制得前驱化合物,将此前驱物在400－500℃热分解,可制得立方单相,灼失量（1000℃,1h）＜5％,比表面积大,晶粒细,热稳定性好的铈锆氧化物固溶体,它可用作汽车尾气净化器的催化助剂、电极材料、增韧陶瓷等。     

非铁电性巨介电材料CaCu3Ti4O12的研究进展

目的综述介电材料CaCu3Ti4O12(CCTO)研究的新进展,提出本研究领域需要进一步深入的方面,并在此基础上分析其发展前景。方法在介绍CCTO相结构的基础上,对其巨介电机制模型、制备方法、掺杂改性及其复合材料的研究进展进行总结。结果根据CCTO巨介电机制模型,设计新的巨介电材料或者复合材料,进一步降低其介电损耗,开发该类巨介电材料的应用新领域。结论 CCTO陶瓷具有巨介电常数及优异的温度稳定性,进一步降低其介电损耗将有很好的应用前景。     

氧化钛和铁酸锌复合薄膜的制备和表征

为了提高氧化钛对可见光的响应,改善其在阴极防护方面的应用,利用液相沉积法在含Zn2+溶液中原位水热转化相结合的新方法,在不锈钢和玻璃表面合成了纳米氧化钛和铁酸锌复合薄膜。通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)对薄膜的物相和表面形貌进行表征,通过可见-紫外光光度计(UV-vis)测定其光响应范围已拓展到可见光区,用IM6e电化学工作站测定其光生电位负于不锈钢的自腐蚀电位。     

掺杂EuSr2Ru1—xNbxCu2O8体系的磁性和超导电性

通过对EuSr2Ru1-xNbxCu2O8体系的结构、磁化强度和电阻进行观测,结果发现：EuSr2Cu2O8样品呈现超导电性和铁磁性共存,其超导临界温度为Tc^onset≈35K,Tc（ρ＝0）＝10K,铁磁相变温度为TM＝130．2K;Nb部分替代Ru同时导致铁磁相变温度和超导临界温度的下降,前者进一步说明了EuSr2RuCu2O8体系中磁有序权来源于Ru的磁矩,而超导临界温度的下降则是由于CuO2平面载流子浓度下降所致。     

Fe3O4纳米粒子的合成与表征

以P123胶束作为"纳米反应器",采用水溶液法合成了Fe3O4纳米粒子.采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和样品振动磁强计等现代化分析测试手段对产物的形貌、结构和磁性进行了测试表征.结果表明,合成的Fe3O4纳米粒子粒径大小在30～120 nm可控,它们在常...     

CuFe2O4纳米粒子增敏Luminol-EDTA化学发光体系研究及应用

基于CuFe_2O_4纳米粒子能显著增强Luminol-EDTA体系的发光,首次建立了Luminol-EDTA-CuFe_2O_4 NPs化学发光新体系。紫外吸收光谱和化学发光光谱表明纳米CuFe_2O_4注入Luminol-EDTA体系后,未生成新发光物质,结合纳米CuFe_2O_4的特性,提出了CuFe_2O_4 NPs参与Luminol-EDTA体系可能的发光机理。研究发现芦丁能抑制Luminol-EDTACuFe_2O_4 NPs体系的化学发光,结合流动注射技术,将此化学发光体系应用于芦丁片中芦丁含量的测定。在优化实验条件下,芦丁浓度在2×10~(-8)~2×10~(-5) mol/L范围内芦丁浓度的对数和相对化学发光值呈线性,芦丁浓度检出限(LOD)为1.21×10~(-9) mol/L。将本方法应用于芦丁片中的芦丁含量测定,回收率为97%~102%,RSD为2.54%(c=1×10~(-7) mol/L,n=11)。     

Development and application of tumor-targeting magnetic nanoparticles FA-StNP@Fe2O3 for hyperthermia

Modified magnetic starch nanoparticles （FA-StNP@Fe2O3） were synthesized by conjugating folic acid （FA-PEG-NH2） onto the surface of magnetic starch nanoparticles （StNP@Fe2O3） prepared by reverse microemulsion method. The synthesized FA-StNP@Fe2O3 was investigated by transmission electron microscopy and zeta potential analysis. The average size of its well dispersed particles was 250 nm. The iron concentration of 2 mg/g was detected by phenanthroline method. Placing FA-StNP@Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the alternating magnetic field for 30 min resulted in an increase in the suspension temperature from ambient temperature （37℃） to a value between 42℃ and 43℃. Co-cultured nanoparticles and Hela cell line or normal HUEC-12 cell line, and the biological effects at the cellular level were investigated in the alternating magnetic field using MTT assay, Hochest-PI double staining and flow cytometry analysis. Experimental results showed that FA-StNP@Fe2O3 within acertain concentration range has no obvious effect on cell proliferation. When treated in the magnetic field, apoptosis rate on Hela induced by FA-StNP@Fe2O3 was 13.4%. Prussian blue staining analysis confirmed that the nanoparticles modified with folic acid had improved ability in tumor cell-targeting, and therefore, potential applications in biomedical and magnetocaloric areas. It is expected be applied in tumor targeting therapy in the near future.     

CoFe2O4-Al2O3复合材料的制备及其在含日落黄废水处理中的应用

制备了铁酸钴-氧化铝（CoFe₂O₄-Al₂O₃）复合材料,并采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、比表面积和孔径分析仪对多孔CoFe₂O₄-Al₂O₃复合材料的物相和形貌进行了分析. 利用制备的CoFe₂O₄-Al₂O₃复合材料活化过硫酸氢钾（PMS）来降解废水溶液中的日落黄（SY）,通过研究CoFe₂O₄-Al₂O₃材料制备过程中Co²⁺,Fe³⁺和Al³⁺的物质的量之比、煅烧温度和时长对材料催化性能的影响,发现Co²⁺,Fe³⁺和Al³⁺的最佳物质的量之比为1:2:12,最佳煅烧温度为400 ℃和最佳煅烧时长为3 h. 对采用在最优条件下制得的CoFe₂O₄-Al₂O₃复合材料作为催化剂,PMS氧化降解含日落黄废水进行研究,考察了pH值、温度、不同体系、PMS用量、CoFe₂O₄-Al₂O₃材料用量和一些阴离子对日落黄降解的影响. 结果表明：在pH=7,温度为55 ℃条件下,用0.1 g催化剂和0.125 g PMS能使100 mL质量浓度为0.6 g·L^-1的日落黄溶液在30 min内降解率达到99.5%. 同时,碳酸氢根负离子（HCO₃^-）和硝酸根负离子（NO₃^-）的加入抑制了日落黄的降解,而Cl^-则能促进日落黄的降解. 此外,在进行4次循环使用后,CoFe₂O₄-Al₂O₃仍表现出很好的催化性能,日落黄去除效果仍能达到90%以上.     

Synthesis and electrochemical characteristics of xLi2MnO3·(1−x)Li-(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 compounds

xLi₂MnO₃·(1−x)Li(Ni_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3)O₂ (x=0.25, 0.40, 0.55) compounds were prepared by low-heating solid state reaction. In the voltage range of 2.70-4.35 V, the discharge capacity of the electrode decreased with the increase of x, with a better cyclability. However, when cycled between 2.7 and 4.6 V, the cathodes delivered much larger capacities and their capacities increased with the introduction of Li₂MnO₃. Moreover, it was found that the discharge capacity gradually increased with the cycle number. The reason for this phenomenon was discussed. It was found that the relatively low cut-off potential made the activation of the Li₂MnO₃ component in the compound a gradual process, which caused the increasing capacity.     

H4SiW12O40/ZrO2-Al2O3催化合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮

采用浸渍法制备了H4SiW12O40/ZrO2-Al2O3催化剂,并通过FT-IR、XRD对其进行了表征。探讨了该催化剂对合成环己酮乙二醇缩酮的催化活性,研究了不同因素对产品收率的影响。在n（乙二醇）∶n（环己酮）=1.4∶1,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的1.5%,反应时间75 min的条件下,环己酮乙二醇缩酮的收率为87.5%.     

Fe（2／3）xNi1—xSO4—P2O5／γ—Al2O3

通过Fe(2/3)xNi1-xSO4-P2O5/γ－Al2O3催化剂对1－丁齐聚反应的催化性能研究,考察了催化剂Fe对（Fe Ni)的原子分率,焙烧温度,活性组分担载量等催化性能的影响,结果表明：Fe0.53Ni0.21SO4复合盐以P2O5为助剂的Fe(Fe Ni)值为0．72,其担载量为2．36mmol/gγ-Al2O3时催化剂活性最高,催化剂的最佳活化条件为450度下非还原气流中活化4h。     

C/Fe_3O_4@TiO_2三元复合光催化剂的制备及可见光催化性能

采用水热法合成Fe-MOF作为前驱体,再采用溶胶凝胶法在表面包裹TiO_2,制备出不同比例的C/Fe_3O_4@TiO_2三元复合光催化剂,运用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜以及能谱仪对C/Fe_3O_4@TiO_2复合光催化剂进行结构表征。结果表明:制备出1∶10的C/Fe_3O_4@TiO_2的光催化效率最好,亚甲基蓝的降解率可以达到95.2%,循环使用5次仍可达91.8%,同时有较高的光利用率,可回收利用,在水污染处理等方面有一定的价值。     

Preparation, crystallization, and wetting of ZnO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics for sealing to Kovar

A novel type of ZnO-Al₂O₃-B₂O₃-SiO₂ glass-ceramics sealing to Kovar in electronic packaging was developed, whose thermal expansion coefficient and electrical resistance are 5.2×10-6/℃ and over 1×1013 Ω·cm, respectively. The major crystalline phases in the glass-ceramic seals were ZnAl₂O₄, ZnB₂O₄, and NaSiAl₂O₄. The dielectric resistance of the glass-ceramic could be remarkably enhanced through the control of alkali metal ions into crystal lattices. It was found that crystallization happened first on the surface of the sample, leaving the amorphous phase in the inner, which made the glass suitable for sealing. The glass-ceramic showed better wetting on the Kovar surface, and sealing atmosphere and temperature had great effect on the wetting angle. Strong interracial bonding was obtained, which was mainly attributed to the interracial reaction between SiO₂ and FeO or Fe₃O₄.