高盐食品中痕量铅的流动注射—氢化物发生—等离子体原子发射光谱…

本文报道流动注射（ＦＩ）－氢化物发生（ＨＧ）与多道等离子体光谱仪联用在线测定高盐食品中痕量铅，考察了氯化钠对铅信号的影响及实验参数的选择，铅的检出限和相对标准偏差分别为１．６ｎｇ／ｍＬ和１．２％，进样频率为７５ｈ＾－１，方法用于两种盐制蔬菜中铅的测定，加入回收率为９７－１０１％。     

镍-1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚共沉淀分离富集碱金属盐中痕量铅及铅的原子吸收光谱测定

采用Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）－１－（２－吡啶偶氮）－２－萘酚在ｐＨ ９．７溶液中共沉淀分离富集碱金属盐试剂中的痕量铅，用火焰原子吸收光谱测定，克服了基体干扰，取得了较为满意的结果。同时对共沉淀机理进行了初步的探讨，结果表明其属于吸附共沉淀类型。     

4-(2-吡啶偶氮)间苯二酚显色-分光光度法测定无机铅和烷基铅

１引言铅是公路两侧大气监测中重点控制的重金属元素。不同形态铅的毒性差异很大，其中三烷基铅的毒性最大。我国目前尚无大气中烷基铅的监测方法，用分光光度法进行铅形态分析也未见报道。本文报道了４－（２－吡啶偶氮）间苯二酚（ＰＡＲ）显色－分光光度法测定无机铅、二乙基铅和三乙基铅的方法，有较好的回收率和精密度，可用于测定大气飘尘中的烷基铅。二实验部分２．１仪器及试剂７２２型分光光度计，ｐＨＤ－１１型数字式酸度计。０．２４０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ二乙基铅（ＰｂＥｔ２）、三乙基铅（ＰｂＥｔ３）和０．４８０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ无机…     

微分电位溶出法测定人发中铜铅镉锌的研究

本文报道了０．００２５ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）ＨＣｌ－０．２ｍｏｌ·Ｌ￣（－１）ＮＨ＿（４）Ｃｌ底液中连续测定人发中铜、铅、镉、锌的微分电位溶出法。四元素峰电位分别为－０．２０Ｖ，－０．４６Ｖ，－０．６７Ｖ，一１．０２Ｖ（ＳＣＥ），峰形好，灵敏度高，干扰少，测定发样相对标准偏差≤４．３％，回收率为９７．６％～１０４．６％。并对ＨＮＯ＿３－ＨＣｌＯ＿４和ＨＮＯ＿（３）Ｈ＿（２）Ｏ＿２消化发样进行了比较。     

以偶合反应流动注射化学发光法测定铅

基于Ｐｂ（Ⅱ）能置换出Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）－ＥＤＴＡ络合物中的Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）和Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）－鲁米诺－溶解氧产生化学发光的反应，建立了置换偶合反应流动注射化学发光测定痕量铅的新方法。本方法线性范围１×１０＾－７￣１×１０＾－５ｇ／ｍＬ，相对标准偏差为２．５％（ｎ＝１１，Ｃ＝１０＾－６ｇ／ｍＬ），检出限为２×１０＾－８ｇ／ｍＬ。用于污水中铅的测定，结果令人满意。     

鲁米诺-双氧水-铬(Ⅲ)化学发光体系测定化探样品中痕量砷

用鲁米诺－双氧水－铬（Ⅲ）化学发光体系结合巯基棉对Ａｓ（Ⅲ）的富集分离，建立了快速的测定化探样品中痕量砷的新方法，检测线性范围为１．０×１０－４～１．０×１０１ｍｇ／Ｌ，检出限为３．４×１０－５ｍｇ／Ｌ。用于实际化探样品测定，相对标准偏差为５．５％～９．０％。     

2-羟基-3-羧基-5-磺酸基苯基重氮氨基偶氮苯与铊反应的分光光度法研究

于ｐＨ１０．０～１１．０的ＮＨ３－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ缓冲介质中，在ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００存在下，铊（Ⅲ）与２－羟基－３－羧基－５－磺酸基苯基重氮氨基偶氮苯（ＨＣＳ－ＤＡＡ）形成组成比为１∶３的红色配合物，其最大吸收波长和对比度分别为５１０ｎｍ和８０ｎｍ，表观摩尔吸光系数为１．５２×１０５Ｌ·ｍｏｌ－１·ｃｍ－１，线性范围为０～０．７０ｍｇ／Ｌ，室温下显色反应立即完成，配合物至少稳定２ｈ。方法用于水样、烟叶和煤灰中痕量铊的分析，回收率为９０．０％～１０１．４％，５次测定的相对标准偏差不大于４．６％。     

TBP碳糊修饰电极三元络合物体系测定痕量铅（Ⅱ）

研制了磷酸三丁酯（ＴＢＰ）碳糊修饰电极，在含１－苯基－３－甲基－４－苯甲酰基－５－吡唑酮（ＰＭＢＰ）的ＨＣｌ－ＫＣｌ底液中，通过电位富集，将三元络合物Ｐｂ（ＰＭＢＰ）２（ＴＢＰ）２中的铅富集在电极上，用２．５次微分阳极溶出伏安法测定铅．铅浓度在１．０×１０－９～２．５×１０－７ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１范围内与峰高呈良好的线性关系．该电极用于铜合金和废水中铅的测定，获得满意结果．     

4-乙烯吡啶型聚皂与表面活性剂相互作用的研究

１实验部分１１试剂Ｎ－乙基聚４－乙烯吡啶溴化盐（ＱＰＶＰＥ）和Ｎ－十二烷基聚４－乙烯吡啶溴化盐（ＱＰＶＰＤ）是根据文献方法合成〔７〕,其中ＱＰＶＰＤ－２０、ＱＰＶＰＤ－３０分别表示溴十二烷与４－乙烯吡啶投料的物质的量比为２０％和３０％．ＳＤＳ（北京化工厂,分析纯）,ＢＤＤＡＣ（北京化工厂,分析纯）使用前未做进一步提纯．１２待测溶液的配制向５×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的表面活性剂溶液（ＳＤＳ、ＢＤＤＡＣ）中,在缓慢搅拌下加入质量浓度为２５ｇ／Ｌ的ＱＰＶＰＥ和ＱＰＶＰＤ溶液,最后加入蒸馏水定容．温度保持在３０℃,溶液静置２４ｈ后进行测定．１３实验方法相对粘度采用乌氏粘度计在（３０±１）℃水浴中测定．ＱＰＶＰＥ、ＱＰＶＰＤ与ＳＤＳ混合溶液的可见光透射率采用７２１分光光度计在室温下测定．以质量浓度为５ｇ／Ｌ的聚合物溶液为参比,波长为４２０ｎｍ,比色皿厚度为１ｍｍ．采用ＤＤＳ－１２Ａ数字式电导率仪（电极为ＤＪＳ－１光亮电极）．温度补偿为２５℃．２结果与讨论ＱＰＶＰＤ分子链上的长链疏水烷基在水溶液中可聚集成胶束,形成紧缩构象,这种聚集体又称为疏水微区（Ｈｙｄｒｏｐｈｏｂｉｃｍｉｃｒｏｄｏｍａｉｎ）．同聚电解质类似,聚皂     

尿中痕量碲测定的萃取-氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法

建立了萃取－断续流动氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定尿中碲的分析方法。研究了仪器工作条件和试剂对碲原子荧光强度的影响、最佳条件的选择、碲在二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸盐（ＤＤＴＣ）－ＣＣＬ４体系中的萃取行为及碲（Ⅳ）的还原;探讨了共存离子对碲测定的干扰及消除方法。方法检出限（３σ）Ｏ ０．２１ＵＧ／Ｌ,相对标准偏差为１．２４％,回收率为９２％～９９％。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.