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共价化合物的某些化学性质的键能表征 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在对一些共价化合物分子的键能进行IEHM量子化学计算的基础上,对共价物质的稳定性,酸性,化学反应速度,取代定位规律及超共轭效应等化学性质与键能的关系进行了探讨。 相似文献
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一、引言键长是分子结构的一个重要参数,对于化学键键长实验和计算,前人已做了许多工作。但键长和物质结构及性能的关系,各类无机物、有 相似文献
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稀土化学键的共价性和4f轨道在成键中的作用是化学界长期争论的问题之一。近年来的理论和实验研究结果表明,4f轨道参与了稀土化合物化学键的形成,稀土化学键具有相当大程度的共价性。4f轨道的参与比例和稀土化学键共价性成分的定量确定还需做大量的工作。 相似文献
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La0.5R0.5Ba2Cu3O7,Pr0.5R0.5Ba2Cu3O7以及RBa2Cu3o7(R=稀土)的键共价性计 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
使用复杂晶体化学键理论计算了La0.5R0.5Ba2Cu3O7(R=Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Dy,Y,Ho,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu)(La-R123),Pr0.5R0.5Ba2Cu3O7(R=La,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Dy,Ho,Y,Er,Tm,Yb,Lu)(Pr-R123)以及RBa2Cu3O7(R=La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd,Dy,Ho,Y,Er,Tm)(R123)中Cu-O键的键共价性,结果表明Pr-R123,La-R123,以及R123都应具有超导性,而实验结果是La0.5Pr0.5Ba2Cu07,R0.5,Pr0.5Ba2Cu3O7(R=La,Nd,Sm,Eu,Gd)无超导性,产生这种矛盾的原因尚不明确,需要做进一步的研究。 相似文献
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采用分子力学和半经验量子化学的方法 ,计算出了数十种有机过氧化物氧氧键均裂的键离解能 ,以及过氧化物生成的自由基的氧净电荷及其校正值 .数据的多重线性回归证明 ,影响有机过氧化物引发剂活性(常用 1 0h HLT表示 )的主要因素为自由基的电性和空间效应 ,这两者可以用自由基的氧净电荷及其校正值来表征 .在同种溶剂中 ,过氧化物生成的两个自由基的氧净电荷及其校正值 ,这四个因素与其半分解温度之间有较好的相关性 .这种相关性可以用来预测过氧化物的 1 0h HLT值 . 相似文献
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准确预测化学过程中分子内各原子提供或接受电子的能力以及化学反应可能的位点,即定量确定亲电性、亲核性和区域选择性,是一个十分重要却仍然亟待解决的课题.此前,基于我们新近提出的信息守恒原理,曾建议使用Hirshfeld电荷和信息增益作为两个等价的描述符用于此目的.我们的这个想法已经被成功地应用于两个系列的分子体系,且其有效性得到了充分的验证.然而,先前我们只考察了碳元素的这些性质,所以其结论的普遍性仍存在疑问.我们尚不清楚它是否适用于其他元素,而且对于同一元素的不同价态该结论是否适用也不清楚.为此,本文将考察含氮体系.对5个不同类别的含氮体系共计40个分子进行了研究,其中包括重氮苯、偶氮、重氮、一级和二级胺体系.结果表明,对所有五个含氮体系其Hirshfeld电荷与实验得到的亲电性和亲核性标度之间仍然存在着较强的线性关联.然而,这些相关性却依赖于氮元素的化合价类型和键合环境.该线性关系只能在同一类型中成立.我们对其可能的原因进行了讨论. 相似文献
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Itisnowwellestablishedthattheconceptofbondcovalencyisveryimportantfor
explainingandclassifyingmanybasicpropertiesindiverseareasincludingchemisedand
condensedmatterphysics.Reviewsconcerningbondcovalencyanditsapplicationhave
beenmadebyPhillips"',Van... 相似文献
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Graham D. Fletcher Colleen Bertoni Murat Keçeli Michael D'Mello 《Journal of computational chemistry》2019,40(17):1664-1673
This work describes the software package, Valence , for the calculation of molecular energies using the variational subspace valence bond (VSVB) method. VSVB is an ab initio electronic structure method based on nonorthogonal orbitals. Important features of practical value include high parallel scalability, wave functions that can be constructed automatically by combining orbitals from previous calculations, and ground and excited states that can be modeled with a single configuration or determinant. The open-source software package includes tools to generate wave functions, a database of generic orbitals, example input files, and a library build intended for integration with other packages. We also describe the interface to an external software package, enabling the computation of optimized molecular geometries and vibrational frequencies. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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Jorma HölsäManu Lahtinen Mika Lastusaari Jussi ValkonenJussi Viljanen 《Journal of solid state chemistry》2002,165(1):48-55
The crystal structures of the tetragonal rare earth (RE) oxychlorides, REOCl (RE=La-Nd, Sm-Ho, and Y) were studied by X-ray powder diffraction measurements, Rietveld analyses, and bond valence calculations. The tetragonal structure (space group P4/nmm, No. 129, Z=2) is stable for all but Er-Lu oxychlorides, which possess a hexagonal structure. The tetragonal structure consists of alternating layers of (REO)nn+ complex cations and Xn− anions, where the rare earth is coordinated to four oxygens and four plus one chlorines in a monocapped tetragonal antiprism arrangement. The Rietveld analyses yielded a coherent series of structural parameters. Preferred orientation and microabsorption effects were found significant. The evolution of interatomic distances and bond angles indicated that the reason for the preferred structure changing from tetragonal to hexagonal is the strain in the chlorine layer. The bond valence parameter B for the RE-O bonds had to be recalculated due to the covalent nature of the (REO)nn+ unit. The results obtained with the new parameter confirmed the strains in the chlorine layer to be the cause for the phase transition. 相似文献
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IntroductionNdCrl-.M.Os(M=Mn,Fe,Co)'-'haveanorthorhombicperovskite-typestrUcture,andareallp-typesendconductors.lnNdCr,-.Mn.O,'andNdCr,-.Fe.O,',theaverage(Cr,Mn)-Oand(Cr,Fe)-Obonddistancesandeffectivemagneticmomentincreasewiththeincreasingdopinglevel,indicatingthatMn3 andFe3 ionsareinhigh-spinstateswith(dE)'(dY)'and(dE)'(dY)'electronconfigurationsrespectively.However,forNdCr,x.Co.O,'atlowtemperatures,theaverage(Cr,Co)-Obonddistancesandeffectivemagneticmomentsdecrease,suggestingtha… 相似文献
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Peifeng Su Fuming Ying Wei Wu Prof. Philippe C. Hiberty Prof. Sason Shaik Prof. 《Chemphyschem》2007,8(18):2603-2614
The recently developed (L. Song, W. Wu, Q. Zhang, S. Shaik, J. Phys. Chem. A 2004 , 108, 6017–6024) valence bond method coupled to a polarized continuum model (VBPCM) is applied to the Menshutkin reaction, NH3+CH3Cl→CH3NH3++Cl?, in the gas phase and in aqueous solution. The computed barriers and reaction energies at the level of the breathing orbital VB method (P. C. Hiberty, J. P. Flament, E. Noizet, Chem. Phys. Lett. 1992 , 189, 259), BOVB and VBPCM//BOVB, are comparable to CCSD(T) and CCSD(T)//PCM results and to experimental values in solution. The gas‐phase reaction is endothermic and leads to an ion‐pair complex via a late transition state. By contrast, the reaction in the aqueous phase is exothermic and leads to separate solvated ions as reaction products, via an early transition state. The VB calculations provide also the reactivity parameters needed to apply the valence bond state correlation diagram method, VBSCD (S. Shaik, A. Shurki, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999 , 38, 586). It is shown that the reactivity parameters along with their semiempirical derivations provide together a satisfactory qualitative and quantitative account of the barriers. 相似文献