Polarised raman and infrared spectra and vibrational analysis forα-naphthylamine

The Raman spectrum of polycrystalline α-naphthylamine was recorded in the region 100–4000 cm⁻¹. Polarisation measurements were made in CS₂ and CHCl₃ solutions. The infrared spectrum was recorded in nujol mull in the region 200–4000 cm⁻¹. The resolution was better than 2 cm⁻¹ and the accuracy of the measurements was within ± 2 cm⁻¹ for all the spectra. Vibrational assignments have been proposed for the observed frequencies. Out of the 54 normal modes of vibrations, 51 modes could be observed experimentally.     

Low temperature vibrational modes of GeSe2 observed by far infrared spectroscopy

The polarized far infrared transmittance of single crystal GeSe₂ has been measured at 300, 80 and 10 K in the spectral range 20–600 cm⁻¹. The spectra, recorded at a resolution of 0.1cm⁻¹, are compared with previous measurements which were recorded at lower resolution and only for samples at room temperature. The improved data have enabled us to remove some of the uncertainties regarding the interpretation of earlier measurements.     

Coherent excitation of molecular vibrational modes by high-power ultrashort infrared laser pulses

Coherent dynamics of multiphoton excitation of molecular vibrational modes by subpicosecond IR laser pulses differs greatly from that of picosecond pulse excitation. The resonance response of a molecule is primarily determined by the power broadening rather than the laser carrier frequency. Selective excitation of high vibrational levels is possible with the use of subpicosecond pulses.     

Self-consistent perturbation theory for the vibrational spectra of certain disordered systems

The effect of coupling parameter fluctuations (quantitative disorder) on the vibrational spectrum of a solid is investigated. Since small deviations from crystalline order already turn out to lead to considerable broadening of the crystalline spectrum, a self-consistent perturbation scheme is developed similar to the coherent potential approximation for electronic systems. An approximate equation is obtained in which disorder is described in terms of a single dimensionless parameter which is a measure of the mean square fractional deviations of the coupling parameters from their average values. The equation is solved self-consistently by iteration. The final result is a convolution expression for the amorphous spectrum in which all van Hove singularities are smeared out except the ones at zero frequency and at the upper cutoff of the spectrum. Numerical results are obtained for silicon using a Keating crystalline density of states and assuming that the average values of the coupling parameters are identical to the crystalline ones. The maxima of the crystalline spectrum are broadened but qualitatively retained to a larger extent than in a simple convolution of the spectrum with a Gaussian.     

单壁碳纳米管晶格振动模及红外吸收光谱的研究

碳纳米管晶格动力学的研究可以提供碳纳米管结构和螺旋性等方面的相关信息。在室温下测量了单壁碳纳米管的红外吸收光谱,首次在透射法模式下观察到了其晶格振动模的红外吸收峰,通过与晶格动力学理论计算值对照,做出了振动模的初步归属。讨论了单壁碳纳米管高频振动模与管径的关系,并与高取向热解石墨振动模进行了对比。结果表明,红外吸收光谱包含有碳纳米管的许多信息,是研究其晶格动力学的有效方法。     

Simultaneous measurements of global vibrational spectra and dephasing times of molecular vibrational modes by broadband time-resolved coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering spectrography

In broadband coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) spectroscopy with supercontinuum (SC), the simultaneously detectable spectral coverage is limited by the spectral continuity and the simultaneity of various spectral components of SC in an enough bandwidth. By numerical simulations, the optimal experimental conditions for improving the SC are obtained. The broadband time-resolved CARS spectrography based on the SC with required temporal and spectral distributions is realised. The global molecular vibrational spectrum with well suppressed nonresonant background noise can be obtained in a single measurement. At the same time, the measurements of dephasing times of various molecular vibrational modes can be conveniently achieved from intensities of a sequence of time-resolved CARS signals. It will be more helpful to provide a complete picture of molecular vibrations, and to exhibit a potential to understand not only both the solvent dynamics and the solute-solvent interactions, but also the mechanisms of chemical reactions in the fields of biology, chemistry and material science.     

Study on lattice vibrational properties and Raman spectra of Bi_2Te_3 based on density-functional perturbation theory

We present a variational density-functional perturbation theory(DFPT) to investigate the lattice dynamics and vibrational properties of single crystal bismuth telluride material. The phonon dispersion curves and phonon density of states(DOS) of the material were obtained. The phonon dispersions are divided into two fields by a phonon gap. In the lower field,atomic vibrations of both Bi and Te contribute to the DOS. In the higher field, most contributions come from Te atoms. The calculated Born effective charges and dielectric constants reveal a great anisotropy in the crystal. The largest Born effective charge generates a significant dynamic charge transferring along the c axis. By DFPT calculation, the greatest LO–TO splitting takes place in the infrared phonon modes and reaches 1.7 THz in the Brillouin zone center. The Raman spectra and peaks corresponding to respective atomic vibration modes were found to be in good agreement with the experimental data.     

Unified theory of photoelectron and vibrational spectra of chemisorbed molecules on metal surfaces

Photoelectron spectra of diatomic molecules such as CO and N₂ weakly chemisorbed on metal surfaces exhibit a multitude of satellite lines due to multi-electron excitations in which the photoinduced hole is screened by charge transfer from the metal into the low-lying unoccupied level. Recently Heskett et al. [Surface Sci. 139 (1984) 558] noticed that in the systems which display the satellite lines, the molecular vibrational frequencies decrease with increasing molecular coverage, in contrast to what is expected from dipole-dipole coupling theory. They then claimed that instead of the 2π¹-metal bonding, the 5σ orbital is responsible for the bond to the substrate. This leads to a shift of the C-O stretching frequency to lower energy as the molecular coverage increases, since the 5σ orbital has an antibonding character with respect to the stretch vibration. Other experimental phenomena which should be taken into account are the negative shift and substantial broadening of the vibrational spectra of these molecules upon chemisorption on metal surfaces. Experimental results seem to reveal that the magnitude of negative shift and width increases with the strength of chemisorption, thereby suggesting that an unique mechanism is responsible for these vibrational properties. We propose a unified theory which enables us to understand these apparently unrelated electronic and vibrational properties in terms of the occupancy of the low-lying 2π¹ level in the neutral ground state and in vibrational excited states of the chemisorbed molecules. Also discussed is a change of the vibrational frequencies with coverage within the framework of the chemical frequency shift caused by charge transfer between the 2π¹ level and the metal.     

CO2 laser photoacoustic spectra and vibrational modes of heroin, morphine and narcotine

Heroin, morphine and narcotine are very large molecules having 50, 40 and 53 atoms respectively. Moderately high resolution photoacoustic (PA) spectra have been recorded in 9.6 μm and 10.6 μm regions of CO₂ laser. It is very difficult to assign the modes of vibrations for PA bands by comparison with conventional low resolution IR spectra. The ab initio quantum chemical calculations were used for determining the molecular geometries and normal mode frequencies of vibrations of these molecules for assignments of PA spectra.     

Fourier‐transform infrared and Raman spectra,vibrational assignment and density functional theory calculations of 1,4,5‐triazanaphthalene

The Fourier‐transform infrared (FT‐IR) (4000–50 cm⁻¹) and Raman spectra (3500–100 cm⁻¹) of 1,4,5‐triazanaphthalene in polycrystalline state were measured. Comparison between the spectra by two techniques, a series of density functional theory (DFT) calculations and the spectral behaviour upon deuteration were used for the assignment of the vibrational spectra of the title compound. The calculated vibrational wavenumbers by the B3LYP density functionals are generally consistent with the observed spectra. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Se_7环两种构型的结构和红外振动光谱的理论研究

在从头算层次上采用自洽场Hartree -Fock(SCF -HF)与密度泛函理论 (DFT)的定域自旋密度泛函SVWN和杂化泛函B3LYP方法以及 6 - 31 G(d)基组 ,计算优化了Se7环chair和boat两种分子构型。以B3LYP/ 6 - 31 G(d)优化的结构为基础 ,计算了Se7环两种构型的红外振动光谱 ,标定了这两种构型的各个简谐振动模式的对称性。计算结果与前人的理论、实验数据进行了比较。     

Density functional theory calculations and vibrational spectra of p‐bromonitrobenzene

FT‐IR and FT‐Raman spectra of p‐bromonitrobenzene (p‐BNB) have been recorded in the region 4000–400 cm⁻¹ and 4000–50 cm⁻¹, respectively. The molecular structure, geometry optimization, vibrational wavenumbers have been investigated. The spectra were interpreted with the aid of normal coordinate analysis based on the density functional theory (DFT) using the standard B3LYP/6‐31G method and basis set combination and was scaled using multiple scale factors yielding good agreement between observed and calculated wavenumbers. The results of the calculations are applied to simulate infrared and Raman spectra of the title compound which showed reasonable agreement with the observed spectra. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于密度泛函理论的三聚氰胺结构及振动光谱研究

利用密度泛函(DFT)算法,对三聚氰胺分子的空间结构进行了优化;然后分别用MP2/6-31G和DFT/DGTIVP两种算法计算了它的拉曼光谱与红外光谱,给出光谱强度图;对比了两种算法的拉曼光谱图和其实验光谱图,结果显示了很好的一致性;给出了三聚氰胺分子中的各原子间键长,键角等空间结构参数;并对三聚氰胺分子在550～3 800cm-1区间的振动谱做了指认。上述工作将有助于食品中三聚氰胺含量测量技术的研究。     

Raman and infrared spectroscopical investigation of the optical vibrational modes in GaSb/AlSb superlattices

The vibrational spectrum of ultra-thin layer GaSb/AlSb superlattices was investigated in detail by infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopies. The effect of confinement of the transverse and longitudinal optical phonons in both types of the layers was studied. The dispersions of optical phonons of the GaSb and the AlSb obtained from the analysis of the Raman and IR spectra are in a good accordance with the theoretical data and results of neutron scattering experiments. First- and second-order Raman spectroscopy indicates the presence of intermixture of atoms at the interfaces in the GaSb/AlSb superlattices. Received: 11 May 1998 / Accepted: 21 July 1998     

The operator method for perturbations in the theory of infrared molecular spectra

The application of contact transformations of Hamiltonians with a degenerate zeroth approximation to an approximate separation of variables is studied. Unitary transformations are formed that interrelate various effective Hamiltonians by the method of contact transformations of Van Vleck, Jorgensen, Pedersen, Primas, ENRST and Soliverez with an accuracy up to 0(⁵). The relation between the contact transformations and the perturbation theory of Rayleigh-Schrödinger is studied, and it is shown that the intermediate denominators in effective Hamiltonians vanish in a nondegenerate case. A generalized variant is constructed of contact transformations and of transformation yielding an even effective Hamiltonian from which the results of the above methods in particular cases follow.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, No. 7, pp. 82–90, July, 1977.The authors would like to thank V. N. Bryukhanov and P. I. Gaev for useful discussions.     

台湾蓝玉髓的振动光谱表征

蓝玉髓是中国台湾所产的名贵宝石之一,素有"台湾蓝宝"的美誉.文章通过红外吸收光谱和激光拉曼光谱,对不同颜色及质地的台湾蓝玉髓的振动光谱特征进行了研究.结果表明,台湾蓝玉髓均显示典型的石英质玉石的振动光谱特征.其红外吸收光谱主要表现为:1 250～1 110 cm-1为最强吸收区,属Si-O非对称伸缩振动,800～600 cm-1间中等强度的吸收窄带,由Si-O-Si对称伸缩振动致,Si-O弯曲振动位于600～300 cm-1内.台湾蓝玉髓样品的激光拉曼光谱散射峰主要分布在499 cm-1,464 cm-1和214～208cm-1处,分别归属为"Moganite"石英中的Si-O对称弯曲振动、Si-O弯曲振动和[SiO4]的旋转振动或平移振动.