5种生物胺的毛细管胶束电动色谱分离

在胶束电动色谱模式下考察了影响生物胺分离的几个因素(如缓冲溶液及SDS浓度、pH、表面活性剂、分离温度及外加电压等)并优化了分离条件,建立了一种简单快速的利用毛细管胶束电动色谱DAD检测器分离分析生物胺的新方法。当缓冲溶液为40mmol/L硼酸缓冲液(pH8.5)、68mmol/LSDS,分离电压为25kV、分离温度为25℃时,5种生物胺在7min内实现了令人满意的基线分离。在优化的条件下,对其线性范围、检出限和重现性进行了测定。结果表明,生物胺的迁移时间的重现性<0.8%,面积的重现性<4%。     

毛细管胶束电动色谱法测定复方丹参滴丸中三种水溶性成份

在胶束电动色谱模式下考察了影响原儿茶醛、丹参素和原儿茶酸分离的重要因素并优化了关键的分离条件,建立了一种简单快速的利用毛细管胶束电动色谱DAD检测器分离分析原儿茶醛、丹参素、原儿茶酸的新方法.当缓冲溶液为50 mmol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.2)和20 mmol/L SDS,分离电压为15 kV和分离温度为25℃时,三种分析物在10 min内实现了基线分离.结果表明,所建立的分离方法的线性范围宽,检出限低,重现性好.并利用该方法测定了复方丹参滴丸中的原儿茶醛和丹参素.     

泽泻乙醇提取物的HPCE分离研究

采用高效毛细管电泳的胶束电动毛细管色谱的分离模式(MEKC),对泽泻的乙醇(95％)提取物进行分离研究。以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)胶束为准固定相．硼砂为缓冲体系,甲醇为有机添加剂,考察了SDS浓度、硼砂浓度、pH、甲醇用量、电泳电压、电泳温度等对分离的影响。结果表明：硼砂缓冲体系为运行缓冲溶液(pH：9．18～9．20)、硼砂浓度30mmoL／L、SDS浓度45mmol／L、甲醇体积分数30％,分离电压25kv、分离温度25℃时分离效果最好。在此条件下,得到分离度和重现性均较好的泽泻乙醇提取物的HPCE色谱图。     

咔唑-9-乙基氯甲酸酯柱前衍生氨基酸胶束电动色谱分离

采用一种新型紫外、荧光衍生试剂咔唑-9-乙基氯甲酸酯对9种氨基酸(丝氨酸、苏氨酸、甘氨酸、谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸)进行柱前衍生,采用胶束电动色谱模式在14 min内完成分离。分离条件：以pH 9.0的 20 mmol/L硼酸盐-30 mmol/L十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)溶液（含3%(体积分数)乙腈)为缓冲溶液,柱温25 ℃,分离电压18 kV,紫外检测波长214 nm。该方法的线性范围为0.025~0.25 mmol/L,检出限为2.15~2.46 μmol/L。     

MECC分离并测定高粱及玉米中7种农药类环境激素

用毛细管胶束电动色谱成功分离并测定了高粱和玉米中7种农药类环境激素(多菌灵、西玛津、莠去津、毒死蜱、溴氰菊酯、乙草胺和氯氰菊酯)的残留量。研究了电泳缓冲液及表面活性剂等因素的影响,在最佳分离条件(pH 9.0、20 mmol/L磷酸氢二钠+50 mmol/L SDS+5%乙腈为缓冲溶液,分离电压20 kV,检测波长222 nm,实验温度25℃,压力法进样,30 mbar×10 s)下,7种农药在28 min内得到基线分离,质量浓度与其峰面积在5.0～150μg.L-1范围内呈良好线性,检出限为0.6～3.0μg/L,回收率为97%～108%,相对标准偏差为2.2%～4.7%。该方法具有操作简单、快速方便及自动化程度高、重现性好等优点。     

在线扫集-胶束电动毛细管色谱法对活血通脉片中阿魏酸与原儿茶醛的分离测定

建立了在线扫集-胶束电动毛细管色谱法同时分离测定活血通脉片中阿魏酸和原儿茶醛含量的方法。讨论了pH值、十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)浓度、电压、有机溶剂、进样时间和背景电解质组成对分离效果的影响。结果表明:采用未涂层熔融石英毛细管,以20 mmol/L磷酸二氢钠、140 mmol/LSDS为电泳缓冲液(含16%甲醇,pH2.2),在优化条件下,阿魏酸和原儿茶醛在19 min内出峰,峰面积RSD均小于5%,其线性范围分别为0.67~21.4、0.72~23 mg/L,回收率分别为94%~108%、91%~106%,检出限(S/N=3)分别达55.5、34.8μg/L。与胶束电动毛细管色谱相比,在线扫集-胶束电动毛细管色谱分离效果稳定,重现性好。该方法用于活血通脉片中阿魏酸、原儿茶醛含量的测定,结果满意。     

场放大进样-胶束电动色谱法测定胡黄连中的香草酸、肉桂酸和阿魏酸

利用胶束电动色谱测定胡黄连中的香草酸、肉桂酸和阿魏酸;在联用场放大进样后,富集倍数提高30倍以上,检出限降至3.6μg/L,线性范围向下延伸到14μg/L。胶束扫集电动色谱缓冲体系为100mmol/L十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)+20mmol/L磷酸钠(pH=2.20)+15%甲醇,分离电压-20kV。进样电压-8kV,进样时间20s,进水时间160s(H=20.0cm),测量波长214nm。考察了SDS浓度、进样长度、进样电压等对分离效果的影响。在优化条件下,3种有机酸在10min内出峰,峰面积相对标准偏差(RSD)≤5.9%。方法检出限、线性范围、相关系数分别为:香草酸3.6μg/L、14～460μg/L、0.9996;肉桂酸9.8μg/L、20～310μg/L、0.9994;阿魏酸11μg/L、22～180μg/L、0.9996。回收率为95.4%～107%。     

毛细管胶束电动色谱分离测定大米中农药类环境激素乐果、克百威和灭多威残留

用毛细管胶束电动色谱分离测定了3种农药类环境激素乐果、克百威和灭多威在大米中的残留。考察了电泳缓冲溶液的pH值、浓度及表面活性剂浓度等影响因素,在pH=7.0的20mmol/L硼酸-四硼酸钠缓冲溶液+70mmol/L十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)+10%甲醇体系中,三组分在16min内得到基线分离。乐果、克百威及灭多威的检测限分别为0.01、0.02和0.008mg/kg,回收率范围为101.31%～102.63%,相对标准偏差(RSD)<5%。该方法具有操作简单、快速、重现性好等优点。     

微乳电动毛细管色谱法分离检测酱油中的氯丙醇

建立了微乳电动毛细管色谱分离3种氯丙醇的方法。以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)作为表面活性剂,系统考察了pH值、缓冲溶液类型和浓度、SDS浓度、助表面活性剂浓度、油相浓度、温度和运行电压对3-氯-1,2-丙二醇(3-MCPD),1,3-二氯-2-丙醇(1,3-DCP),2,3-二氯-1-丙醇(2,3-DCP)分离的影响。结果表明,最佳微乳缓冲液为1%(V/V)正庚烷,100 mmol/L SDS,10%(V/V)正丁醇和8 mmol/L磷酸二氢钠-硼砂溶液(pH 8.50),检测波长为192 nm,温度20℃,分离电压为15 kV。3种氯丙醇的线性范围为2.0×10-6～3.2×10-5 mol/L,相关系数大于0.996,检出限(S/N=3)为0.95～1.9μmol/L。酱油样品经乙醚液液萃取,萃取平均回收率为93.2%～103.0%,相对标准偏差小于6.5%。本方法应用于实际样品和加标后样品中三氯丙醇的检测,结果满意。     

毛细管电泳法分析维甲酸异构体

采用毛细管电泳分析方法对维甲酸异构体进行了分离。比较了区带电泳和胶束电动色谱两种模式对维甲酸异构体的分离效果。考察了缓冲液组成、pH值、乙腈含量以及十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)浓度等对分离的影响。采用胶束电动色谱法可完全分离13-顺-和全反式-维甲酸,最佳的缓冲溶液为(20 mmol/L Tris-H3BO3(pH 8.5)-25 mmol/L SDS)-乙腈(体积比为80∶20)。该法首次应用于加标血浆中的维甲酸分析,获得了较好的结果。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.