两种气液两相流模型的应用和比较

本文应用MUSIG模型[1]和均一直径模型对某溶液堆台架模型堆芯内气液流动传热进行了数值模拟.在MUSIG模型中堆芯内离散相气泡被分为5组不同直径的气泡,用于分析堆芯内气泡的流动变化和大小分布,采用Luo and Svendsen[2]和Prince and Blanch[3]模型描述不同直径气泡组间的破裂和聚合.在均一直径模型中,堆芯内的气体被考虑为同一直径的组分,并且不考虑其破裂与聚合现象.计算得到采用两个模型的模拟结果并且对其进行了对比研究.结果显示应用MUSIG模型的计算结果与台架实验结果吻合更好.     

人眼视觉的传递特性及模型

介绍了国内外对人眼视觉特性及其调制传递函数的研究 ,对几种典型的人眼视觉模型进行了分析。较之以往采用的具有低通特性的指数型和高斯型 ,及具有带通特性的Barten模型和复合模型更符合人眼视觉传递特性。在此基础上将两种带通模型和国内外一些典型的试验数据进行了比较研究 ,得出 :Barten模型参数简单 ,计算方便 ,但实用的范围较复合模型小。复合模型综合考虑了人眼瞳孔、显示器亮度、视场角、量子效率、积分时间等因素的影响 ,是一种更全面的反映人眼传递特性的视觉模型     

稠油油藏试井理论研究

分析研究国内外稠油热采模型文献资料,总结归纳了9种稠油热采模型,主要包括非牛顿流体均质地层模型、二区复合模型、三区复合模型、多区复合模型、考虑重力超覆的数学模型以及干扰分析等,并对部分压力变化曲线及压力导数变化曲线做了简要的分析.比较各模型的优缺点,并指出目前的模型存在的问题以及稠油试井的发展趋势.     

Fractional differential models for anomalous diffusion

In this study, we investigate three kinds of fractional differential models (distributed-order model, variable-order model and random-order model) for characterization of anomalous diffusion. The characteristics, physical advantages and potential applications of each model are highlighted. The numerical simulations also validate our analytical and comparison results. Furthermore, a generalized distributed-variable-order model and a more generalized distributed-variable-random-order model are proposed to combine the advantages of distributed-order model, variable-order model and random-order model.     

Ta及Nanbu库仑碰撞模型数值对比研究

深入研究库仑碰撞,对两种库仑碰撞模型-Ta模型与Nanbu模型在理论上进行了对比分析,详细阐述了两种模型中散射角大小的区别.在已有的采用Ta模型的全三维粒子模拟/蒙特长罗(PIC/MCC)算法基础上,采用Nanbu模型对电子间库仑碰撞计算模块重新进行了算法设计.分别应用Ta模型、Nanbu模型和无库仑碰撞的全三维PIC/MCC算法对国外热门负氢离子源JAEA 10A中的电子能量沉积进行了模拟分析.模拟结果与实验结果的对比分析发现:1)库仑碰撞使电子能量分布更接近于麦克斯韦分布;2)相对于传统的Ta模型,Nanbu模型的散射角考虑了多体碰撞的累加效果从而具有更高的期望值,按其模拟得到的电子温度具有更高的精度.这些为国内外学者设计相关算法指明了方向.     

Weizsäcker-Skyrme核质量模型的统计误差研究

基于最大值近似估算的方法,系统地研究了Weizsäcker-Skyrme（WS4）核质量模型的参数不确定性,并计算了WS4核质量模型理论预言值的统计误差。WS4核质量模型的理论预言值与实验值的偏差基本都小于模型的统计误差,表明采用最大值近似估算法对WS4核质量模型理论预言的统计误差的分析是简捷而有效的。进一步研究了WS4核质量模型理论计算中最敏感的参数,结果表明,对称能系数相关的两个参数c_sym和κ对中子滴线附近的原子核质量有重要影响。此外还对WS4模型与WS*模型的参数不确定性及统计误差进行了对比研究,WS4模型中各模型参数的不确定性比WS*模型中相应模型参数的不确定性降低了10%~ 50%。The statistical uncertainties of 15 model parameters in the Weizsäcker-Skyrme(WS4) mass model are investigated with an efficient approach, and the propagated errors in the predicted masses are estimated. The discrepancies between the predicted masses and the experimental data are almost all smaller than the model errors. The most sensitive model parameter which causes the largest statistical error is analyzed for all bound nuclei. We find that the two coefficients of symmetry energy term significantly influence the mass predictions of extremely neutron-rich nuclei. In addition, the parameter uncertainties and statistical errors of the WS4 mass model and the WS* mass model are compared. The uncertainties of model parameter in the WS4 mass model is reduced by 10% ~ 50% compared with the WS* mass model.     

考虑驾驶员特性的一维元胞自动机交通流模型

在一维元胞自动机交通流WWH模型和SDNaSch模型的基础上,建立了一种考虑驾驶员特性的元胞自动机交通流模型(Driver-SDNaSch模型).该模型将驾驶员分为激进型、保守型和中立型三类,根据其不同的驾驶特性制定了各自的演化规则,并以此对其进行状态更新;同时考虑了前车速度为0的情况,引入安全减速概率.通过计算机对Driver-SDNaSch模型进行模拟,给出了由三类驾驶员按不同比例组成的混合交通流的速度-密度图和流量-密度图,并对此类混合交通流的特性进行了分析和讨论.与NaSch模型和SDNaSch模 关键词： 交通流 元胞自动机 驾驶员特性 计算机数值模拟     

最优速度模型与元胞自动机模型的比较研究

用解析分析与数值仿真的手段研究了一种典型的车辆跟驰模型(OV模型)与元胞自动机模型(NS模型)之间的区别与联系.首先通过对模型规则的分析,证明了确定NS模型是OV模型的一种离散形式.随后针对两模型更复杂的具体形式,通过数值仿真的手段进行了模型的密度-流量关系与模型在开放边界下的动态特性的研究.实验结果表明,从现象来看,OV模型与NS模型具有非常近似的性质,但两种模型的机制不相同,并且各自具有不能相互替代的优势.为交通流模型的使用和改进提供了参考.     

自然背景中人造信息的检测算法综述

对目前自然背景中人造信息的检测算法进行了综述。由于自然背景与人造信息在某些特征上存在固有差异,因此可以利用这些差别检测出自然背景中的人造信息。分别讨论了基于几何特征、偏振特征、分形特征和概率模型的人造目标检测算法,并对天然背景中人造自然的检测算法做了初步的探讨。通过研究发现,基于分形特征的人造信息检测算法是目前研究的热点,而基于DRF模型的人造信息检测算法由于其检测精度高、适应性良好,正成为新的研究发展趋势。     

Reducing slab track vibration into bridge using elastic materials in high speed railway

In this paper, the problem of vibration transmission from slab track structures into bridge is studied by theoretical analysis. A vehicle-track-bridge coupling system dynamics model is established based on a multibody dynamics theory and a finite element method. The system model consists of vehicle model, track-bridge model and wheel/rail interaction model. The vehicle model is established based on the multibody dynamics theory, and the tack-bridge model is established by the finite element method. The vehicle model and track-bridge model are coupled through wheel/rail interaction model, and the track irregularities are included. The system dynamic responses are calculated, and the effectiveness of elastic materials in vibration reducing is discussed. The results demonstrate that elastic materials like slab mat layer inserted between slab track and bridge can reduce vibration transmitted from track into the bridge. Some suggestions for the design and application of slab mat are provided in the end of the paper.     

A vector type Gürsey model and its renormalization group analysis

We start with a model classically equivalent to the vector Gürsey model. The model is coupled with a non-abelian SU(N) gauged field. For the one loop approximation, the renormalization group equations are constructed and the coupling constant solutions are found. The coupling constants behaviors are briefly investigated and non-triviality conditions of the model are presented. Under certain conditions, a non-trivial field theoretical model is obtained.     

Hadron Mass and the Properties of Nuclear Matter in the Quark Bag Models

The MIT bag model, chiral bag model and cloudy bag model are revisited. A typical work on the hadron mass calculation by chiral bag model and cloudy bag model is shown in more details with the quark-quark-pi vertex correction and quark self-energy being emphasized. More details are given to review the quark-meson coupling model and its application in nuclear matter. We put forth the Lagrangian of the quark-meson coupling model and studied the possibility of using the model to calculate the hadron mass.     

自混合干涉效应的一般模型及其仿真

从自混合干涉效应的等效结构出发,建立了该效应的一般模型。该模型包含了多重光反馈和多模激光的自混合干涉效应等情况,并且可以转化为以往所报道的弱光反馈水平的弱光模型和单模条件下的一般激光自混合干涉模型,明确了模型中各个参数的物理意义,对自混合干涉理论的研究提供了很好的理论指导。对单模的几种情况分别进行了数值仿真,仿真结果很好地验证了模型的正确性。     

FERRIMAGNETIC PHASES OF THE BLUME-EMERY-GRIFFITHS MODEL AND THE POTTS MODEL ON THE DIAMOND LATTICE

The phase transitions in the Blume-Emery-Griffiths (BEG) model and antiferromagnetic Potts model on the diamond lattice are investigated using the cluster-variation method in the pair approximation. The ferrimagnetic phases are found to be different from those on the simple-cubic lattice. The phase diagrams of the BEG model are also calculated. In the vicinity of the parameter line where the BEG model reduces to the three-state antiferromagnetic Potts model, new types of phase diagram are obtained. The results are different from those of the mean-field theory, which is a good approximation only for large coordination number of the lattice.     

Design and analysis of a scaled model of a high-rise, high-speed elevator

A novel scaled model is developed to simulate the linear lateral dynamics of a hoist cable with variable length in a high-rise, high-speed elevator. The dimensionless groups used to formulate the scaling laws are derived through dimensional analysis. The model parameters are selected based on the scaling laws and are subject to the material, size, and hardware constraints. It is demonstrated that while it is impossible to obtain a fully scaled model unless the model is extremely tall, a reasonably sized model can be designed and the scaling laws that are not satisfied can be rendered to have a minimal effect on the scaling between the model and prototype. In conjunction with the model design, an analysis of model tension in a closed band loop is developed. A new movement profile that ensures a continuous jerk function during the entire period of motion is derived. The dynamic response of the prototype cable and that of the model band under consideration are compared numerically. Practical considerations that occur in the design of the model are addressed. The methodology can be used to investigate the vibration of a very long cable in other applications.     

Angular momentum of a brane-world model

In this paper we discuss the properties of the general covariant angular momentum of a fivedimensional brane-world model. Through calculating the total angular momentum of this model, we are able to analyze the properties of the total angular momentum in the inflationary RS model. We show that the space-like components of the total angular momentum of the inflationary RS model are all zero while the others are non-zero, which agrees with the results from ordinary RS model.     

双头部燃烧室两相燃烧流场数值研究

本文在贴体坐标系下对双头部火焰简内三维两相紊流燃烧过程进行数值模拟,采用代数雷诺应力模型模拟紊流粘性、EBU-二阶矩模型模拟燃烧反应速率、六通量辐射模型考虑热辐射对燃烧流场及火焰筒壁温的影响.分别运用颗粒轨道模型与颗粒随机轨道模型研究燃烧室内气液两相流动与燃烧过程,将所得出口温度分布与实验结果进行比较,均较为相符.     

Angular momentum of a brane-world model

In this paper we discuss the properties of the general covariant angular momentum of a five-dimensional brane-world model. Through calculating the total angular momentum of this model, we are able to analyze the properties of the total angular momentum in the inflationary RS model. We show that the space-like components of the total angular momentum of the inflationary RS model are all zero while the others are non-zero, which agrees with the results from ordinary RS model.     

Finite Nuclei in a Relativistic mean—Field Theory with quadratic Couplings

A quadratic scalar and vector coupling model proposed recently has been applied to finite nuclei.The calculated results are compared with those of the derivative scalar couling(DSC) model and the nonlinear Walecka model,The results show that the spin-orbit splittings are improved considerably by quadratic ouplings in contrast to the DSC model,However,the binding energy per nucleon,rms charge radius,as well as the spin-orbit splittings in the quadratic model are still small compared with those given by the nonlinear Walecka model and the experimental data.     

结合实际刻蚀数据的离子刻蚀产额优化建模方法

刻蚀表面仿真是研究等离子体刻蚀工艺过程机理的重要手段.在刻蚀表面仿真方法中,刻蚀表面演化模型和离子刻蚀产额模型直接决定了刻蚀表面演化结果.但现有的刻蚀表面演化模型不够精确,且目前离子刻蚀产额模型主要来自分子动力学仿真和物理实验,而实际加工过程十分复杂,等效的离子刻蚀产额包含很多因素.针对这些问题,首先对当前的刻蚀表面演化模型进行改进,同时重新定义了离子刻蚀产额模型的优化目标,并利用实际刻蚀加工数据来优化离子刻蚀产额模型.为缩短优化模型所用时间,采用并行方法来加速优化过程.最后,将得到的离子刻蚀产额模型参数应用于采用元胞自动机法的刻蚀工艺实际仿真过程中.实验结果表明,该优化建模方法确实提高了仿真的精确度,同时优化过程所用时间也大大减少.