meso-四-(3-N-甲基吡啶)卟啉与钴反应的分光光度研究

水溶性卟啉衍生物作为光度试剂在分析化学中已得到广泛的应用。在测定某些过渡金属元素时具有极高的灵敏度(ε值为2-5×10⁵)^[1]。meso-四-(3-N-甲基吡啶)卟啉[T(3-MPy)P]与铜^[2]、锌^[3]、铅^[4]的反应都已进行研究。本文对T(3-MPy)P与钴的反应进行了初步的研究。T(3-MPy)P的结构如右图。     

四(4-重氮基苯基)卟啉的合成及其与聚苯乙烯磺酸钠自组装的研究

卟啉是一类重要的功能性小分子染料,近年来,在光化学治疗^[1,2]、光电转换^[3,4]、传感元件^[5]、烯烃环氧化催化剂^[6]和光敏化剂^[7]等方面的研究与应用引起了人们的广泛注意.通过两亲卟啉分子衍生物,或带有负电荷的卟啉衍生物,特别是带磺酸基的卟啉分子与正离子聚电解质自组装,制备带有卟啉结构单元的LB膜和自组装膜已有很多报道^[8～14].     

非水溶性meso-四-(4-乙酰氧基苯)卟啉的合成及其与铅显色反应的研究

目前在用水溶性卟啉衍生物作显色剂方面已有文献总结^[1]。但对非水溶性卟啉则研究得较少。就测定痕量铅而言,皆用水溶性卟啉衍生物,而用非水溶性卟啉测定铅,则尚未见报导^[2-6]。     

卟啉-肽核酸骨架分子的合成

在癌症治疗中,卟啉化合物被用作光动力疗法(PDT)的光敏试剂.当卟啉受到可见光的激发时,氯高铁原卟啉(hemin)的衍生物,如血卟啉(HPD,hematoporphyrin)的衍生物能够只在肿瘤组织中积累,并能通过单线态氧产生不可逆的损伤[1].     

利用汞(Ⅱ)-四(4-三甲铵苯基)卟啉的显色反应间接分光光度法测定微量硫化物

微量硫化物的测定国内外常采用亚甲基蓝法、分子荧光法、电极法、原子吸收分光光度法^[1]和冷原子荧光法^[2]等.汞(Ⅱ)可与四(4-三甲铵苯基)卟啉(简称TAPP)在室温下产生灵敏的显色反应(ε=2。85×10⁵),并允许大量常见阴离子存在^[3],但当S^2-存在时,则极易抑制与其相当量的Hg(Ⅱ)-TAPP配合物的生成,根据这一原理,本文提出了利用,Hg(Ⅱ)-TAPP的显色反应间接分光光度法测定微量硫化物的新方法.     

一系列Ru(II)配合物电致化学发光性质的比较研究

比较研究了以C₂O₄^2－为共反应物时5个结构相关的Ru(II)配合物[Ru(bpy)₂L¹]^2＋, [Ru(bpy)₂L²]^2＋, [Ru(bpy)₂L³]^2＋, [Ru(phen)₂L¹]^2＋和[Ru(phen)₂L²]^2＋(其中bpy＝2,2′-联吡啶, phen＝1,10-邻菲啰啉, L¹＝4-羧基苯基咪唑[4,5-f][1,10]邻菲啰啉, L²＝3-羧基-4-羟基苯基咪唑[4,5-f][1,10]邻菲啰啉, L³＝3,4-二羟基苯基咪唑[4,5-f][1,10]邻菲啰啉)的电致化学发光(ECL)性质. 结果表明, 酚羟基的存在能有效地淬灭Ru(II)配合物[Ru(bpy)₂L²]^2＋, [Ru(bpy)₂L³]^2＋和[Ru(phen)₂L²]^2＋的ECL, 其它Ru(II)配合物的ECL量子效率与[Ru(bpy)₃]^2＋相差不大.     

吸收液采样-高效液相色谱法测定室内空气中甲醛的含量

<正>甲醛是一种无色有刺激性气味的气体，被世界卫生组织(WHO)定为致畸和致癌的物质之一^[1]。我国规定室内空气甲醛的限值为0.10 mg·m-3^[2]。目前监测环境中甲醛的国家标准测定方法很多^[3],常用的有4-氨基-3-联氨-5-巯基-1,2,4-三氮杂茂(Ⅰ)(AHMT)分光光度法^[4]、3-甲基-2-苯并噻唑啉酮腙盐酸盐水合物(MBTH)酚试剂分光光度法^[5]、乙酰丙酮分光光度法^[6]、气相色谱法(GC)^[7]、     

有机锡化合物为中性载体的高选择性硫氰酸根离子电极

使用硫氰化银与硫化银作膜活性物质的固态硫氰酸根离子选择电极,由于受卤素离子如Cl^-、Br^-和I^-干扰很大而限制了应用.以钴(Ⅲ)卟啉或维生素B₁₂衍生物为载体的电极对SCN^-有较高的选择性^[1,2],使SCN-选择电极得到了较大的发展.     

昆虫性信息素顺-9-十四碳烯-1-醇乙酸酯的合成

顺-9-十四碳烯-1-醇乙酸酯(1)是鳞翅目许多昆虫的性信息素或其组分之一^[1]。已报道的化合物1的合成方法是采取C₁₀+C₄或C₉+C₅偶联原则^[2]。本文报道另一条合成路线(图1),采取C₈+C₆原则,以1,8-辛二醇(2)为原料,经过ω-氯代辛醇(3)得2-(8'-氯辛烷-1-氧基)四氢吡喃(4)^[2d],卤代物4与己炔-1(5)^[3]的锂盐缩合得炔化物6,然后以Lindlar催化剂^[4]进行部分氢化,粗产品7无需分离可直接去保护基并乙酞化得产物1,五步的总得率约40%.     

1, 7-二酮的成环反应 Ⅲ. 1, 7-二苯庚二酮-1, 7的酮-环醇互变异构

1,6-二酮在碱性试剂存在下能生成环戊烯衍生物,如1,6-二苯己二酮-1,6(1a)在氢氧化钾的乙醇溶液中,生成1-苯-2-苯甲酰环戊烯(2a)和2-苯-3-苯甲酰环戊烯(3a)^[1].1,7-二苯庚二酮-1,7(1b)也生成相应的环己烯的衍生物(2b,3b).^[2]     

Hematoporphyrin derivatives: an oligomeric composition study

The oligomeric composition of HpD, Photofrin II and other hematoporphyrin derivatives useful for the diagnosis and therapy of tumors has been studied. Gel chromatographic procedures were used that excluded porphyrin aggregation. Photofrin and hematoporphyrin derivatives were shown to contain different quantities of monomer, dimer and other oligomeric porphyrins.     

THE PHOTOCHEMICAL YIELD OF SINGLET OXYGEN FROM PORPHYRINS IN DIFFERENT STATES OF AGGREGATION

Abstract— Aqueous solutions of hematoporphyrin and hematoporphyrin derivatives were exposed to light. When present in such solutions tryptophan is degraded by a singlet oxygen mechanism. This is true for excitation at 396 nm, where porphyrin monomers have their absorption maximum, as well as for excitation at 360 nm, where porphyrin aggregates seem to absorb strongly. The quantum yield of singlet oxygen production is similar within 25% for excitation at 396 and 360 nm while the fluorescence quantum yield is more than a factor 2 lower for excitation at 360 nm than for excitation at 396 nm. Photoexcitation of the clinically used hematopotophyrin derivatives photofrin I and photofrin II produces singlet oxygen with significantly smaller yields than photoexcitation of hematoporphyrin. Thus, the aggregates present in solutions of photofrin I and photofrin II are of a different nature than those present in aqueous solutions of hematoporphyrin.     

Comparison of Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography with HPLC for the Separation of Hematoporphyrin Derivatives

ABSTRACT

A mixed SDS micelle and BSA buffer system was used in the micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) separation of hematoporphyrin derivatives (HPD) at pH 8.0 with untreated capillaries. The effects of altering the composition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) electrolyte solution on the separation efficiency of the hematoporphyrin derivatives were presented. The results show that separation efficiencies were enhanced by using a mixture of SDS and BSA. The results demonstrated that CE methodology can compete with well-established techniques such as HPLC for the separation of biomedical and pharmaceutical samples with regard to time and expense of analysis.     

PHOTOSENSITIZING PROPERTIES OF BACTERIOCHLOROPHYLLIN a and BACTERIOCHLORIN a, TWO DERIVATIVES OF BACTERIOCHLOROPHYLL a

Abstract The photosensitizing properties of two water soluble derivatives of bacteriochlorophyll a , bacteriochlorophyllin a and bacteriochlorin a (lacking the central Mg-ion) were investigated and compared to those of hematoporphyrin derivatives. At physiological pH the oxygen consumption rate of histidine, tryptophan, dithiothreitol and guanosine upon illumination was 3 to 4 times higher when bacteriochlorin a was used as photosensitizer than when hematoporphyrin derivatives were used. Especially bacteriochlorin a proved to be an effective sensitizer for the killing of L929 cells. Because bacteriochlorin a has an absorption maximum at 765 nm in phosphate buffered saline (allowing a light penetration in tissue about ten times larger than at 630 nm) and a high molar absorption coefficient (32 000 M cm⁻¹) it has promising possibilities for the application in photodynamic therapy.     

PHOTOOXIDATION OF 3, 4-DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE BY HEMATOPORPHYRIN IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS: AN ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE STUDY USING 2, 2, 6, 6-TETRAMETHYL-4-PIPERIDONE-1-OXYL (TEMPONE)

Abstract— The oxidation of 3, 4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa) photosensitized by hematoporphyrin has been studied by ESR spectroscopy. The nitroxide free radical 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-4-piperidone-I-oxyl (TEMPONE) is shown to be a convenient probe for monitoring oxygen consumption during the reaction. Isotope and azide effects on oxygen consumption suggest that photooxidation in D₂O proceeds mainly by a singler oxygen mechanism, whereas in H₂O both singlet oxygen and free radical mechanisms are important. The relative importance of these mechanisms can change as oxygen is consumed during the photoreaction. TEMPONE also can be used as an indicator of the presence of reducing radicals (in this case hematoporphyrin radical anions) in the system, but only at low oxygen levels: in aerated solutions efficient reaction of these radical ions with oxygen is proposed.     

CLEARANCE TIMES OF PORPHYRIN DERIVATIVES FROM MICE AS MEASURED BY in vivo FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY

Abstract
The clearance times of 17 different porphyrin derivatives from SKH:HR-1 mice have been measured using the technique of in vivo fluorescence spectroscopy. This technique monitors the in vivo porphyrin fluorescence observed from the external skin surface. Most hydrophilic porphyrin derivatives show relatively short clearance times, in the order of 2.5–6 h. The dicarboxylic acid porphyrins, proto-, hydroxyethylvinyldeutero-and hematoporphyrin IX have clearance times of 7.8, 12.2 and 14.7 h respectively. The mixture hematoporphyrin derivative has an intermediate clearance time of 12.6 h. N -methylated porphyrins show clearance times in the vicinity of 15–22 h. Monoaspartyl chlorin e₆ shows the longest clearance time of all porphyrin derivatives measured (30.3 h).     

CLEARANCE TIMES OF PORPHYRIN DERIVATIVES FROM MICE AS MEASURED BY in vivo FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY

The clearance times of 17 different porphyrin derivatives from SKH:HR-1 mice have been measured using the technique of in vivo fluorescence spectroscopy. This technique monitors the in vivo porphyrin fluorescence observed from the external skin surface. Most hydrophilic porphyrin derivatives show relatively short clearance times, in the order of 2.5-6 h. The dicarboxylic acid porphyrins, proto-, hydroxyethylvinyldeutero- and hematoporphyrin IX have clearance times of 7.8, 12.2 and 14.7 h respectively. The mixture hematoporphyrin derivative has an intermediate clearance time of 12.6 h. N-methylated porphyrins show clearance times in the vicinity of 15-22 h. Monoaspartyl chlorin e6 shows the longest clearance time of all porphyrin derivatives measured (30.3 h).     

Properties of the blue-shifted emission of hematoporphyrin and related derivatives in aqueous solution

A blue-shift of the emission spectrum of hematoporphyrin and of its derivatives used in tumor phototherapy is shown to occur in water solutions. After 48 h incubation at 37°C, this emission becomes predominant, particularly in derivatives with a high degree of aggregation, and is characterized by a decay time of ≈2.6 ns. The appearance of this band, which is peaked at 580 nm, can be interpreted on the basis of a binding mechanism of monomers to stable aggregates.     

GLUCOSE ADMINISTRATION AUGMENTS IN VIVO UPTAKE AND PHOTOTOXICITY OF THE TUMOR-LOCALIZING FRACTION OF HEMATOPORPHYRIN DERIVATIVE

Rhabdomyosarcoma tumors in rats made hyperglycemic by multiple injections of glucose exhibited a transient decrease in pH and an increased ability to accumulate derivatives of hematoporphyrin (HPD). Photoradiation of tumors in glucose/HPD-treated animals produced a greater cell kill than in galactose/HPD-treated controls. A therapeutic benefit of glucose administration in conjunction with HPD-phototherapy is suggested.     

紫外光照下C_(60)与聚苯乙烯直接反应合成C_(60)-聚苯乙烯衍生物及电子自旋共振（ESR）研究

在室温，紫外光照下溶液相中C_(60)与聚苯乙烯的直接反应合成得聚苯乙烯的 C_(60)加合物。衍生物中C_(60)的含量可由C_(60)的投料比来控制。得到了产物经 UV－Vis，FTIR，GPC，TGA及DSC等波谱表片，测得产物的分子量比母体聚苯乙烯的 分子量稍高。对溶液相的反应进行了现场的ESR研究，得到强的PSC_(60)~(-·)的 自由基信号，g值为2.0024。同时对C_(60)和聚苯乙烯混合物固相体系的光照反应 进行了ESR测试。结果表明在反应过程中及最终产物中均存在稳定的C_(60)-高分子 链烃基自由基阴离子RC_(60)~(-·)。表明了反应的自由基机理。