矢量合成移相器

描述一种可靠性、价格、能耗和体积诸方面都优于机械相位调节器的新型电控移相器，它的工作原理基于矢量合成，故定名为矢量合成移相器。并已在兰州重离子加速器相位稳定系统０号、４号、６号机柜中代替机械相位调节器，取得了令人满意的结果。     

研磨对Y-123和Bi(Pb)-2223超导相的影响

通过X射线衍射、差热分析、电子显微镜、超导电性测量等手段研究了研磨对Y-123和Bi(Ph)-2223超导相和成相过程的影响。结果表明:研磨对Y-123和Bi(Ph)-2223超导相的影响显著不同,研磨导制了Bi(Ph)-2223超导相的破坏。同时指出Bi(Ph)-2223超导相同一结构特征的两种属性:好的可塑性和结构易破坏性。前者是优点,后者是缺点。在加工、测量、使用过程中,要尽力避免后一缺点带来的超导电性的破坏或由于局部结构破坏而导致的整体性能的降低。     

Bery相与AB相的关系

Ｂｅｒｒｙ曾经论证，Ａｈａｒｏｎｏｖ-Ｂｏｈｍ相可以看成是Ｂｅｒｙ相．在论证中放弃了绝热近似，也未涉及量子态的非定态性．重新探讨了此论证，表明Ｂｅｒｙ的结论是正确的，但在该论证过程中需要作绝热近似．ＡＢ效应中运动电子是用一个运动波包（非定态）来描述的，ＡＢ相的出现，是要求波包的演化必须满足Ｓｃｈｒ?ｄｉｎｇｅｒ方程的结果，但ＡＢ相的出现不受绝热条件的限制 关键词：     

二相介质中的运动位错

本文考虑二相介质中与平面相界平行的匀速运动直线位错。采用了与位错相对静止的运动坐标系,在此坐标系中推广位错各向异性弹性理论的普遍方法,并利用弹性力学中的格林函数方法处理相界面,计算得到此位错在介质中所产生的总弹性场,以及其所受到的“像力”。本文所提出的理论方法有一般的适用性,结果可以用于考虑此位错与其它缺陷的相互作用,以及二相介质的力学性质。 关键词：     

光折变相位型波带片

利用成象方法和光折变效应,在LiNbO₃:Fe晶体中成功地写入了光折变相位型波带片.其衍射效率可达到21%.该制作方法具有实时、简便等优点.在集成光学和光学信息处理中具有重要的应用前景.     

ESSENTIAL WORK OF FRACTURE AND THE PHASE TRANSFORMATION IN β-iPP

The possibility of phase transformation toughening is demonstrated by the example of the β-modification isotactic polypropylene (β-iPP), which undergoes the β–α transformation (i.e., from hexagonal to monoclinic) during mechanical loading. The β–α recrystallization was examined on essential work of fracture (EWF) specimens with two processing conditions. Differential scanning calorimetry and wide-angle x-ray diffraction demonstrate the occurrence of this β–α transformation. Some structural changes can be identified in EWF specimens by using nano-indentation machine. Toughness of the α- and β-iPP is studied and compared with the EWF concept by using static-loaded deeply double-edge-notched tensile specimens. The main effect of the β–α transformation is a large increase in the specific plastic work consumed in the necked zone.     

量子Hall效应与Berry相因数

本文将绝热过程中的Berry相因数的概念推广到简并系统,并且研究了量子Hall效应与Berry相因数之间的关系,证明了不论是整数还是分数量子Hall电导率都对应于特殊的Berry相因数。 关键词：     

相衬显微镜衬比的分析

本文详细讨论了制约相衬显微镜衬比的各种因素,并针对不同的被观察样本提出了合适的观察方法。首先,叙述了相衬显微镜和暗场显微镜的基本原理,并根据观察时的实际情况,定义了衬比Fc.然后,分纯相位物体和既有振幅变化又有相位变化的物体两种情况,对影响衬比的各种因素进行了详细讨论,得出了相衬显微镜的衬比最大的条件,并比较了各种条件下相衬显微镜和暗场显微镜的灵敏度,从中得出:在观察弱纯相位变化的物体时,相衬显微镜要比暗场显微镜有效些;在观察既有振幅变化又有相位变化的物体时,相衬显微镜和暗场显微镜要比明场显微镜有效些,但视场中的光强变化已是物体的振幅变化和相位变化的混合效应,而不能单独反映出相位变化。     

能量有限系统的相位算符与相位本征态

在简述相位算符研究的基础上，为了克服Ｐｅｇｇ-Ｂａｒｎｅｔ相位态平均光子数发散困难，提出有限能量系统的相位算符与相位本征态，研究了它的正交完备性、任意态函数的相位起伏计算及其在实际系统中的应用． 关键词：     

高维增广相空间中广义力学系统的对称性和不变量

依据广义增广相空间中的Hamilton作用量在无穷小变换群作用下的不变性,给出广义完整保守和非保守力学系统的对称性和不变量及有关结论的逆命题,最后举一实例说明 关键词： 增广相空间 广义力学 对称性 不变量     

垂直上升管中油水两相流流型辨识

基于运动波理论本文建立了垂直上升管中油水两相流运动波传播方程,计算得到了管内无仪器插入体情况下油水两相流运动波传播速度特性曲线,根据曲线特征确定了油水两相流过渡流型存在于持水率大于0.25并小于0.5区间,应用该流型辨识准则对Govier等实验观察到的油水两相流流型试验点进行了辨识,取得了较好对比效果。此外还使用Flores等击碎聚合机理性模型验证了本文的辨识流型图,并与之结合产生了更加细化的合成流型图。     

PHASE PROPERTIES OF THE RADIATION FIELDS IN RAMAN PROCESS

The general evolution of the interaction of two radiation fields with an effective two-level atom via the Raman-type transitions is presented. Using the Pegg-Barnett phase theory, the joint phase probability distribution of the two field modes, phase average values and phase fluctuations are studied in detail. Also, the effect of the presence of a field on the phase properties of the other mode is examined.     

相移测量技术中相移器研究

本文介绍一种用于相移测量技术的相移器。该相移器由计算机通过Ｄ／Ａ接口板自动控制输出电压幅度，其电路采用闭环控制，位移由压电晶体产生，具有很高的电压稳定度（０１％）和较小的相移误差（小于３°）。描述相移器的结构、驱动源工作原理及相移器标定方法     

气液相变过程亚稳态体相内部界面分析

利用热力学理论对亚稳态体相内部活化分子的聚集状态进行讨论,发现在无外界扰动的平衡状态下,体相内部活化分子绝大多数以单体形式存在,并给出了单体与聚集体的浓度关系。在聚集体浓度与聚集体内部分子数之间关系分析的基础上,推导出临界聚集浓度的表达式,从而确定体相处于过热(过冷)极限点时的内部分子能量分布特性,借以从分子聚集的角度来描述气液相变的物理图景。同时,利用体相在过热(过冷)极限点处的宏观性质来逆推体相与微小新相之间的界面张力γ,从而对经典理论的形核率作出修正。     

相移法在光栅投影测量中的应用

利用双目CCD相机记录的光栅投影测量技术是一种新型的光学测量方法。为了获得高精度测量相位值，提出一种优化相位测量精度的相移方法。该方法通过投影相传递函数和投影光的光强函数计算相位值，并考虑了测量投影光非正弦、非周期性的影响，提高了投影光栅的条纹精度和相位精度，相位精度为像素级，通过插值可达到亚像素级。     

NORMALLY ORDERED FORMS OF SHAPIRO-WAGNER PHASE OPERATORS AND THEIR APPLICATION

Based on the quantum mechanical representation |ξ〉=exp[\dfrac12|ξ|+ξ a⁺₁+ξ^* a⁺₂-a⁺₁a⁺₂]|00〉constructed by Fan Hong-yi and with the help of the technique of integration within an ordered product of operators, we derive the normally ordered expressions of the Shapiro-Wagner (SW) phase operators. They are in terms of the Bessel functions. As their application we discuss the minimal uncertain relation regarding the two-mode phase and number-difference operators.     

纳米晶粒在高压下的相转变

本文报道了晶粒尺寸对压力诱导相转变的最新进展。用热力学理论分析了造成纳米晶体材料（纳米晶）的相转变压力与同种大块材料不同的主要因素是体积变化比，表面能差和内能差。通过估算这三个因素的具体大小，可解释文献报道的实验结果，并可确定大块材料和纳米晶之间相转变压力发生差异的控制因素。在纳米晶中，晶粒尺寸对结构稳定性和相转变压力的影响与体系本身有关。     

POLY(ETHER-BLOCK-SULFONATED ESTER)COPOLYMERS. I. PHASE STRUCTURE AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES*

The physical properties and a microphase-separated structure of multiblockcopolymers based on flexible segments of poly(1,4-oxytetramethylene)(PTMO) and rigid crystalline segments of poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) modified by ionic units were studied. Ionic copolymers were characterizedby limiting viscosity number, melt flow index, and tensile property measurements. The mechanical behavior of ionic poly(ether-block-sulfonated ester)(PESE) copolymers can be compared to that of conventional hard-soft thermoplasticelastomers. The phase structure was studied using differential scanningcalorimetry (DSC). Clearly, the DSC results show that the ionic unitsin the polyester segments have no significant influence on the microphaseseparation structure of PESE. A small reduction of the degree of crystallinitywith increasing content of ionic groups in the polyester rigid segments wasobserved. This results from the effect of ionic forces caused by incorporationof ionic units in the polyester segments.

     

ON THE ELIMINATION OF PHASE ANGLE UNCERTAINTY IN SOME PROBLEMS OF RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM MECHANICS

In some quantum mechanical problems involving singular states usually exists phase angle uncertainty. Recently in the investigation of the scattering of a Dirac particle with the charge Ze and a fixed magnetic monopole, Kazama, Yang and Goldharber [2] introduced some extra magnetic moments in order to eliminate the phase angle uncertainty. In this paper, instead of introducing any extra magnetic moment we use the adjusted framework of quantum mechanics suggested in [3], the criterion of orthogonality and the variation principle of energy (indefinite phase as a variation parameter) to determine the phase angle, the scattering cross section and the bound states uniquely. These principles for the determination of the solution have been tested for its correctness, because the result is consistent with the solution of reference [2]. By using these principles the problems of scattering and bound states of systems consisting of a charged magnetic monopole and a charged Dirac particle, as well as the monopole pair are exactly solved.     

锁相环的相位模型与实验电路

讨论了锁相环的相位数学模型,给出了一种适合于数学的锁相环实验电路．