气相色谱-串联质谱法测定尿样中氰离子的含量

尿样1.00 mL,加入1.0 g·L-1乙酸-α-萘酯溶液10μL,涡旋混合10 min后,加入0.1 mol·L-1硫酸铜溶液0.1 mL,0.3 mol·L-1萘胺溶液0.5 mL,50.0 g·L-1亚硝酸溶液1 mL和1 mol·L-1盐酸溶液0.1 mL,涡旋混合3 min。所得溶液在4℃冷藏10 min,再于50℃加热10 min。离心后,取有机相采用DB-5MS毛细管色谱柱进行气相色谱分离。质谱分析中采用选择反应监测模式。氰离子的质量浓度在0.1~10 mg·L-1范围内与其色谱峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.015 mg·L-1。按标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率在90.2%~106%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于3.5%。     

气相色谱-质谱联用法测定包装膜和包装袋中富马酸二甲酯残留量

提出了气相色谱-质谱联用法测定包装膜和包装袋中富马酸二甲酯残留量的方法。样品中富马酸二甲酯用乙酸乙酯萃取,经针式过滤头净化,采用HP-5MS毛细管色谱柱(30 m×0.25 mm,0.25μm)进行分离。采用气相色谱-质谱电子电离源和全扫描监测模式进行测定。富马酸二甲酯的质量浓度在0.5~100.0 mg.L-1浓度范围与其对应的峰面积呈线性关系,测定下限(10S/N)为0.1 mg.kg-1。在5.0,10.0,20.0,30.0,40.0,50.0 mg.kg-16个添加水平下,富马酸二甲酯的回收率在95.0%~102.5%之间,相对标准偏差(n=6)小于6%。     

高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定烟用接装纸中三价铬与六价铬的含量

烟用接装纸样品1.000g置于50mmol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液15mL中回旋振荡提取2h,过滤。取其提取液0.5mL,用0.1mol·L-1盐酸溶液中和至pH 7.0后,加入0.1mol·L-1Na2-EDTA溶液5mL,在80℃条件下反应20min。所得溶液进行色谱分离,用Dionex AS19色谱柱为固定相,用pH 7.0的0.15mol·L-1硝酸铵溶液作为流动相。在质谱分析中,用氦气作为碰撞气,可减小35Cl 16 O1 H+、40 Ar12C+对52Cr+的质谱干扰。结果表明:Cr(Ⅲ)和Cr(Ⅵ)的线性范围依次为20.0~1 000μg·L-1,0.20~10.0μg·L-1,检出限(3s)分别为4.81,0.63μg·kg-1。在3个浓度水平上进行加标回收试验,测得两者的回收率依次在95.2%~104%和80.0%~116%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=7)依次在2.5%~3.1%和2.6%~3.6%之间。     

加速溶剂萃取分离-气相色谱-质谱法测定土壤中多溴二苯醚和六溴联苯的含量

称取经风干和剔除砂、石等杂质并研磨通过0.18 mm孔径筛的土壤样品2.000g与2.0g硅藻土混合,加入2 000μg·L-1同位素内标溶液(MBDE-MXFS)50μL和5 000μg·L-113C12-BDE-209标准溶液40μL,用正己烷-二氯甲烷(1+1)混合液进行加速溶剂萃取(ASE)。将所得萃取液浓缩至1~2mL,通过多层复合酸碱硅胶层析柱净化,用正己烷100mL洗脱,收集洗脱液,使其浓缩至1~2mL,再经氮吹浓缩至0.1mL,加入2 000μg·L-1 13C12-BDE-138进样内标溶液50μL,定容至1.0mL,进样进行气相色谱-质谱分析。测定三溴至七溴代二苯醚(BDEs)和六溴联苯(BB-153)时,按气相色谱-电子轰击离子源-低分辨质谱工作条件并选用Rtx-1614色谱柱(30m×250μm,0.10μm);测定BDE-209时,按气相色谱-负化学电离源-低分辨质谱工作条件并选用Rtx-1614色谱柱(15m×250μm,0.10μm)。测得BDE-209的线性范围为50.0~1 000μg·L-1,其余7种PBDEs和BB-153的线性范围均为5.00~500μg·L-1;检出限(3s)在0.04~0.51μg·L-1。用标准加入法进行回收试验,测得回收率为82.6%~112%;测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)为1.8%~8.6%。     

毛细管气相色谱法测定沉香中20种有机氯农药残留量

应用毛细管气相色谱法测定沉香中20种有机氯农药的残留量。样品以乙酸乙酯提取,提取液用凝胶色谱-固相萃取(GPC-SEP)进行净化。采用DB-1701P石英毛细管色谱柱(30m×0.25mm,0.25μm)分离样品,电子捕获检测器进行检测。20种有机氯农药的线性范围均为1~50μg·L-1,检出限均为0.1μg·kg-1。方法用于沉香样品分析,加标回收率在95.8%~114%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.3%~3.8%之间。     

高效液相色谱法测定烟草中有机酸

提出了高效液相色谱法测定烟草中有机酸含量的方法。烟草样品经0.1 mol.L-1氢氧化钠溶液高速匀浆提取,提取液通过装有MCI-GEL反相树脂固相萃取小柱净化,以ZORBAXStable Bound色谱柱(4.6 mm×150 mm,1.8μm)为固定相,0.01 mol.L-1磷酸二氢钠溶液(pH2.98)和乙腈(98+2)溶液为流动相梯度洗脱,用二极管阵列检测器于210 nm波长处检测。烟草中主要的有机酸均在12 min内达到基线分离,方法加标回收率在95.0%~103.0%之间,相对标准偏差(n=7)在1.8%~2.8%之间。     

硅烷化衍生-气相色谱-质谱联用法测定烟酸

烟酸片样品用吡啶超声提取、分离后,所得上清液中的烟酸与六甲基二硅氨烷和三甲基氯硅烷进行衍生化反应,产物用正庚烷萃取。萃取液加入苯甲酸乙酯作为内标,供气相色谱-质谱分析。在气相色谱分离中用HP-5MS毛细管柱(30m×250μm,0.1μm)为固定相,在质谱测定中采用全扫描模式。烟酸标准与内标峰面积的比值与烟酸的质量浓度在1.000 g.L-1范围以内呈线性关系,检出限(3s)为4.54 mg.L-1。方法用于烟酸片剂中烟酸的测定,相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.65%~2.89%,回收率在90.1%~93.2%之间。     

离子色谱和热解吸-气相色谱-质谱法测定炸药爆炸产物

用离子色谱和热解吸-气相色谱-质谱法测定炸药的爆炸产物.爆炸产物中的氰化物用0.1 mol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液吸收后,用离子色谱法检测,检出限(3S/N)为0.01 ug·L-1,回收率为92.6%,相关系数为0.999 8,测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.8%.爆炸产物的主成分和微量成分直接进样,用热解吸-气相色谱-质谱联用法分析,检测了联苯、1-甲基-(1H)-吡喏2-乙腈、5-氨基-3,4-二氢-(2H)-吡喏-2-乙腈、硝基苯、苯等有毒产物.     

气相色谱-质谱法测定胶基型嚼烟中烟碱的含量

取(1.42±0.01)g的试样5粒,溶解在5 mol·L-1氢氧化钠溶液8 mL和含内标的正己烷40 mL中,磁力搅拌110 min,静置20 min。取上层萃取液2 mL,用无水硫酸钠干燥,过0.22μm有机相滤膜。所得溶液采用DB-5MS色谱柱进行气相色谱分离。质谱分析采用选择离子监测模式。烟碱的线性范围为4.00~200 mg·L-1,检出限(3s)为0.19 mg·L-1。按标准加入法进行回收试验,回收率在91.0%~96.1%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)均小于3.0%。     

气相色谱-质谱法测定化妆品中10种防腐剂

采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)同时测定化妆品中10种防腐剂含量。样品经甲醇超声提取,无水硫酸钠脱水后过滤进样检测。采用Agilent HP-5MS毛细管色谱柱(30m×0.25mm,0.25μm)分离,程序升温,分流进样进行测定。结果表明:17min内即可完成10种防腐剂的测定,各防腐剂的质量浓度均在5.00~100mg·L-1范围内与峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.30~0.70ng。方法用于化妆品测定,加标回收率在96.5%~105%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.66%~3.2%之间。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.