KMnO4与醇类有机物制备MnOOH的研究

在140℃的条件下,用KMnO4分别与甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇以及1,4-丁二醇进行水热反应24 h。采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)与环境扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对反应产物进行表征。结果表明,KMnO4与乙醇、丙醇、丁醇以及1,4-丁二醇反应均可以得到较纯的棒状MnOOH晶体。KMnO4与甲醇、1,3-丙二醇反应不仅得到了MnOOH晶体并且也得到Mn3O4晶体,而与乙二醇的反应只得到了Mn3O4晶体。并简单探讨了形成这种规律的原因。     

Vibrational Studies of Gel Grown Ferroelectric RbHC4H4O6 and SrC4H4O6 4H2O Crystals

Single crystals of Rubidium Hydrogen Tartrate (RbHT) and Strontium Tartrate Tetrahydrate (SrTT) have been grown by a gel technique using a chemical reaction method. A controlled reaction has been employed between tartaric acid and feed solution (RbCl for RbHT and Sr(NO₃)₂) at room temperature. The laser Raman and FT-IR spectra of these crystals are recorded in the frequency range 100 - 4000 cm^-1. The presence of tartrate ion, monohydrogen tartrate ion, water molecules and external mode vibrational frequencies are identified and discused. The doublet and broad nature of tartrate ion vibrational frequencies have also been observed and analysed.     

直流电弧等离子体CVD金刚石膜中氢杂质研究

运用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和核反应分析(NRA)对直流电弧等离子体制备的金刚石膜中的氢杂质进行了研究,并通过添加少量空气到反应气体的实验分析了氢杂质的变化.研究结果发现:红外光谱只能检测金刚石膜中的成键氢,其含量随着氮渗入量的增加而增加,并得出2820 cm~(-1)处的吸收是由氮结合的CH基团振动引起的,2832 cm~(-1)处的吸收可能是由金刚石膜特征结构缺陷结合的CH基团振动引起的,而不是氧相关的基团.核反应分析可以检测金刚石膜中的总氢含量,近表面小于50 nm层氢含量变化快,大于50 nm之后氢含量趋于稳定,此值认为是金刚石膜中的总氢含量.     

高锰酸钾对石墨烯及石墨烯-CaTi2O4(OH)2复合材料电化学性能的影响

由于CaTi2O4(OH)2导电性较差,为进一步提升CaTi2O4(OH)2电化学性能,将具有优异导电性的石墨烯材料与之复合.采用C为原料,H2 SO4为插层剂,KMnO4为氧化剂还原制得石墨烯,将两者复合制备石墨烯-CaTi2 O4(OH)2复合材料.研究高锰酸钾用量对石墨烯-CaTi2O4(OH)2复合材料电化学性能的影响.利用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对样品的显微结构、形貌进行检测分析,采用恒电流充放电(CP)和循环伏安(CV)等技术测试其电化学性能.实验结果表明:当高锰酸钾用量5 g时,可以制备出氧化、还原程度良好,电化学性能优异的石墨烯,与CaTi2O4(OH)2复合制得样品电极,其电化学性能最优,在5 A/g的工作电流密度下,样品比电容高达394.2 F·g-1是纯CaTi2O4(OH)2电容值(162 F·g-1)的2.43倍.     

4-(2-Methoxy-4-(prop-1-enyl)phenoxy)phthalonitrile; synthesis,characterization, Hirshfeld surface analysis and chemical activity studies

This work deals with experimental and theoretical study of the 4-(2-methoxy-4-(prop-1-enyl)phenoxy)phthalonitrile (MPPP). The MPPP was synthesized and characterized by FT-IR and NMR, and X-ray single-crystal determination. Hirshfeld surface analysis revealed the nature of intermolecular contacts, the fingerprint plots and molecular surface contours provided the information about the percentage contribution and bond interactions. The structural data of the molecule in the ground state was calculated using the DFT employing B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The energetic behavior of the organic dye sensitizer MPPP in solvent media was examined. In addition, chemical activity, NLO, net charges by MPA & NPA, MEP and Fukui function analysis were investigated. Based on vibrational analysis, the thermodynamic properties were calculated at different temperatures and corresponding relations between the properties and temperature were obtained.     

乙烯基三氯硅烷合成陶瓷前驱体聚硼硅氮烷的研究与表征

聚硼硅氮烷高温裂解可制备性能优异的SiBCN陶瓷.随着SiBCN陶瓷的广泛研究和使用,越来越多的学者研究聚硼硅氮烷的合成和性能.本文以乙烯基三氯硅烷为原料合成出聚硼硅氮烷,并对其结构进行了表征.研究结果表明通过FT-IR分析确定了N-H、C-H、Si-C、C-B-C键的存在,但Si-N键的FT-IR谱蜂由于与Si-C键重叠,在FT-IR谱图中难以体现,但在29Si-NMR谱中得到证实.对聚硼硅氮烷的NMR分析发现CHCBSi基团的对称性较差,发生横向弛豫,使对应的13C-NMR谱的谱峰变宽.     

聚丙烯腈改性二氧化钛光催化过程的机理探究

通过在光催化过程中加入空穴捕捉剂乙二胺四乙酸二钠(EDTA),自由基捕捉剂叔丁醇(t-BuOH)探讨了二氧化钛光催化降解的机理.实验结果表明,空穴是光催化降解过程中重要的活性物质,对光催化活性起主要作用.由于复合微粒中的聚丙烯腈(PAN)能够有效地将光生电子-空穴分离,并降低了电子-空穴复合的机会,所以复合微粒的光催化活性较之纯TiO2有了明显的提高.     

CO、H2、He流量对热解焰合成碳纳米管的影响

在用热解火焰法合成碳纳米管(carbon nanotubes, CNTs)过程中,CO、H2和He流量对产物种类以及CNTs的产量、结构、管径、管长等有显著影响.为了确定CO、H2和He流量的具体影响,通过固定其他实验条件,仅改变CO、H2和He流量,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和高分辨率透射电子显微镜(HR-TEM)对合成的产物进行表征,分析得到合成CNTs较好的CO、H2和He流量分别为0.4 L/min,0.3 L/min和0.2 L/min.     

塞来昔布的合成及其光谱性质研究

采用甲醇钠为催化剂,乙醇为溶剂,对甲基苯乙酮、三氟乙酸乙酯催化合成了中间体4,4,4-三氟-1-(4-甲苯基)-1,3-丁二酮.中间体和对肼基苯磺酰胺盐酸盐发生环合反应得到粗品塞来昔布(Celecoxib,CLX),重结晶、抽滤、干燥,得到了纯度为99.7;的CLX.以二氯甲烷为溶剂,采用溶剂蒸发法培养出化合物CLX晶体,通过单晶衍射仪、HPLC-MS、1 HNMR、FT-IR、UV-vis、TG-DTA对CLX进行检测和表征,揭示了CLX的微观结构和内在规律性.单晶衍射仪检测到了衍射数据、部分健长和键角数据,准确判断出CLX为单晶化合物.HPLC-MS检测到了CLX分子的质量信息,CLX在电离室中发生了脱氢反应,最大相对丰度的质荷比(m/z)为379.9381.1 HNMR检测到了CLX分子有6组峰,积分值对应不同的化学位移,推断出CLX的氢核数目为14.FT-IR揭示出CLX分子内部的各元素之间的化学键键型,CLX为含有C-F键、苯环、吡唑环、二取代苯的伯酰胺.UV-vis检测出了CLX在244.1nm、250.2 nm、259.7 nm有三个吸收峰,为共轭苯环π→π*电子跃迁产生的,最大吸收波长为250.2 nm,为企业CLX产品质量检测,推测CLX的结构提供了实验依据.TG-DTA检测出CLX的质量变化与热效应,CLX的DSC曲线在170.8℃、371.6℃存在二个吸热峰,分别为CLX的相变峰、分解峰.     

Preparation of crystalline fibres of codoped BaAl2O4:Eu2+:Cr3+

Phosphor material BaAl₂O₄:Eu²⁺, Cr³⁺ with varying concentrations of Cr co‐doping were prepared by solid‐state synthesis method. Crystalline fibres were obtained by controlled annealing temperature. Synthesized compositions were characterized for their phase and crystallinity by powder x‐ray diffraction. The crystalline morphology was investigated using SEM analysis. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) in image and diffraction modes was used to investigate the microstructure. The effect of Cr doping on quality and morphology of grown crystals was investigated. (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

液相沉淀法制备硅酸镥粉体的研究

将氯化镥溶液滴加至硅酸钠溶液中制备出的沉淀,经过滤、陈化及烘干后对其进行XRD成分及SEM显微形貌的分析,结果表明粉体除少量杂质外,其主要成分都是由硅酸镥构成,而经烘干研磨后的粉体颗粒呈球形,将采用液相沉淀法与固体混合焙烧法所制备出的两种粉体进行了对比发现,采用前者可以不经高温煅烧就可以得到较纯硅酸镥,而后者在较高温度下煅烧后仍有大量原料残余,而且从颗粒尺寸、粉体形状以及烧结性能上来液相法制备出的粉体看都优于固相法.     

Molecular structure,spectroscopic, and density functional theory studies of o-Dianisidine

o-Dianisidine has been characterized by the FT-IR, UV-Vis, and X-ray single-crystal determination. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca with a = 7.2593 (4) Å, b = 21.3485 (10) Å, c = 16.5835 (11) Å and Z = 8. Density functional theory has been used in the computation of the molecular geometry and harmonic vibrational wavenumbers. The calculated molecular geometry parameters have been compared with X-ray data. UV-Vis spectra of the compound have been predicted using the time-dependent density functional theory and good agreement between the calculated and experiment is determined. Besides, molecular electrostatic potential, frontier orbital analysis, and nonlinear optical properties were performed by using density functional theory calculations.     

弱外磁场辅助氧化共沉淀法合成正八面体Fe_3O_4纳米颗粒

本文在弱外磁场辅助条件下,采用氧化共沉淀方法调控合成了正八面体Fe_3O_4纳米颗粒.采用XRD、SEM、振动磁强计(VSM)来表征产物的晶型、形貌和磁性能.XRD结果表明,产物具有尖晶石结构,且结晶良好、纯度高;SEM观察结果表明Fe_3O_4纳米颗粒均为二次粒子,由更小的粒子成长而来;VSM测定结果说明各种形貌的Fe_3O_4纳米粒子具备良好的磁性能.同时,分析了粒子不同形貌的成核机理.结果表明采用弱外磁场辅助的办法可以获得具有良好晶型、正八面体形貌形貌和良好磁性能的Fe_3O_4纳米颗粒.     

Tautomeric properties and crystal structure of N-[2-hydroxy-1-naphthylidene]2,5-dichloroaniline

The title compound has been synthesised by the reaction of 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde with 2,5-dichloroaniline. The compound was characterized by elemental analysis, IR and UV-Visible techniques. The UV-Visible spectra of the Schiff base with OH group in ortho position to the imino group was studied in polar and nonpolar solvents in acidic and basic media. The structure of compound has been examined cyrstallographically. It crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P2₁2₁2₁ with a = 6.059(1), b = 12.105(2) c = 20.006(2) Å, V = 1467.4(3) ų, D_x = 1.431 g.cm^-3 and Z = 4. The crystal structure was solved by direct methods and refined by full-matrix least squares. Molecule of the title compound N-[2-hydroxy-1-naphthylidene]2,5-dichloroaniline is nearly planar. The molecule contains a strong intramolecular N…H-O hydrogen bond between the imine and hydroxyl group [O1 and N1 = 2.540(4) Å]. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Thermal and optical studies on induced smectic phases of inter molecular hydrogen bonded liquid crystals between decyloxy benzoic acid and citric acid

Hydrogen bonded liquid crystal complex (HBLC) is prepared from mesogenic 4-decyloxy benzoic acid (10OBA) and aliphatic nonmesogenic citric acid (CA). Liquid crystal (LC) phases are investigated by polarizing optical microscopy (POM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) studies. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) validate the intermolecular complementary, cyclic type of hydrogen bond (HB) and molecular environment in the designed HBLC complex. Mesomorphic phases like nematic, smectic X (Sm X) and smectic G (Sm G) are characterized by various textures and using different techniques such as POM, DSC and optical tilt angle measurements. Thermal span width and thermal stability factor for the observed phase is calculated. The complexes are prepared in different mole ratio and their corresponding influences on the phase transitions are discussed. Also it is observed that the HB units play a vital role in stabilizing the new Sm X phase. The variation in thermal stability of smectic phases due to the influence of aromatic cores and length of end chain in the different mole ratio of the present HBLC complexes are also discussed. The variation of tilt angle with respect to temperature in the smectic phase has been experimentally calculated and analyzed. The lowered melting and clearing transition temperatures and extended thermal span width in the Sm X phase are also reported.     

STM、AFM、SEM和TEM对溶液中纳米微粒形貌和粒度分布的检测

纳米材料因其独特的光、电、磁、力、催化和吸附等性能而被广泛应用。纳米微粒的检测是纳米材料和纳米科技发展的重要保证。本文综述了采用扫描隧道显微镜(STM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等现代显微镜技术检测溶液中纳米微粒形貌和粒度分布研究进展,并比较了这些方法的差异。     

热丝辅助射频CVD C3N4薄膜

采用热丝辅助射频等离子体增强化学气相沉积(CVD)方法直接在Si(100)衬底上制备了多晶C3N4薄膜.X射线衍射(XRD)测试表明薄膜同时含有α-C3N4和β-C3N4晶相以及未知结构.傅立叶变换红外吸收谱(FTIR)表明薄膜内的C-N, C＝N和 C≡N 键的吸收峰分别位于1237,1625和2191cm-1.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观测到线度约为2μm、横截面为六边形的β-C3N4晶粒.纳米压痕法测得薄膜的硬度最高可达72.66GPa.     

Crystal Structure of pyridinium isopolymolybdate (C5H6N)2n[Mo4O13]n

Synthesis and crystal structure are described for pyridinium isopolymolybdate of chemical composition (C₅H₆N)_2n[Mo₄O₁₃]_n. The crystals are triclinic, space group P1, with the following unit‐cell parameters: a =8.2695(11) Å, b =10.544(4) Å, c =11.177(4) Å, α = 71.76(5)°, β = 89.68(3)°, γ = 78.79(3)°, V =906.4(4) ų, Z = 2 (chemical formula (C₅H₆N)₂[Mo₄O₁₃]), D _calcd = 2.755 g·cm^–3. Crystal structure was solved by Patterson methods and refined to a final R value 0.085 for 4045 independent reflections. The studied compound, considered in analogy to triclinic (NH₄)₂Mo₄O₁₃ as pyridinium polyoctamolybdate, is proposed to be better described as pyridinium isopolytetramolybdate (C₅H₆N)_2n[Mo₄O₁₃]_n. It seems that the proper coordination number of molybdenum (VI) ions is five, resulting in pyramidal coordination polyhedra [MoO₅]. Coordination polyhedra joined by common edges form tetramolybdate monomeric unit [Mo₄O₁₃]. The mers are connected by oxygen bridges Mo ‐ O ‐ Mo into infinite ribbon chains. Each two infinite chains are hold together by weaker intermolecular interactions. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Theoretical and experimental studies on optically tunable hydrogen bonded liquid crystal complex derived from mesogenic and non-mesogenic aromatic compound

A novel hydrogen bonded liquid crystal (HBLC) complex is synthesized from non-mesogenic benzylmalonic acid (BMA) and mesogenic 4-nonyloxybenzoic acid (9OBA). Structural properties and optimized vibrational frequencies of BMA + 9OBA have been studied by FT-IR spectrum. The weak intermolecular interaction between the molecules is proved by NBO and Mulliken charge distribution analysis. The optical and thermal properties are investigated by POM, DSC, UV-Visible and PL techniques. The present HBLC complex exhibits schlieren textures of nematic, broken focal conic texture of smectic C and multicolored mosaic texture of smectic G phases respectively which is not observed in the pure mesogen (9OBA). The HBLC complex geometry is optimized by DFT method at the level of B3LYP basis set 6311G (d, p). The electronic properties of HBLC complex such as, NBO, HOMO-LUMO, ESP and Mulliken charge distribution are also studied. A noteworthy observation is brought out by identifying the presence of photoluminescence in nematic phase due to the variation in intermolecular interaction of the mesophase. The utility of the same complex is discussed. The phase width, thermal stability factor, tilt angle, phase transition temperature and its enthalpy values are reported.     

射频等离子制备石墨烯负载Co3O4催化剂及其析氧性能研究

氢能的引入能有效提升配电网的供电可靠性,而电解水制氢是实现低碳转型的关键技术,开发高效的电解水催化剂势在必行。过渡金属氧化物储量大、催化活性高,是具有广阔应用前景的析氧反应催化剂。本文通过射频等离子体处理制备石墨烯上负载Co₃O₄析氧催化剂,XRD、Raman和XPS测试结果显示,二维结构石墨烯的引入加速表面电子迁移,增大了反应面积。等离子体处理促进了纳米粒子在石墨烯上的负载,利用等离子体刻蚀作用在催化剂表面制造出大量碳结构缺陷和氧空位结构,改善了活性位点分布,有效调控Co₃O₄电子结构,提高析氧催化活性。电化学测试表明,本文中合成的Co₃O₄@rGO在电流密度为50 mA·cm^-2时的过电位为410 mV,动力学反应速率较快,表现出优于商业IrO₂的析氧催化活性。