共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
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为了探究水雾特性与爆炸载荷衰减效果之间的关系,在爆炸驱动的激波管内两种不同特性的水雾环境下进行了不同强度的爆炸实验,并评估了两种水雾对爆炸冲击波超压和比冲量的衰减效果。实验结果表明:喷雾区域内的压力分为两个上升阶段,第一个阶段为透射冲击波的压力,第二个阶段为液滴二次雾化和弛豫过程导致的压力上升;冲击波掠过的喷雾区域越长,水雾对压力峰值和比冲量的衰减效果越好;冲击波强度的增加将削弱水雾对爆炸载荷的衰减效果;Sauter平均直径为136.04μm、体积分数为1.72×10-3的水雾使压力峰值衰减了34.2%~60.9%,使比冲量衰减了9%到54%;Sauter平均直径为255.34μm、体积分数为3.43×10-3的水雾使压力峰值衰减了48.4%~78.6%,使比冲量衰减了14%~66%;冲击波压力峰值的衰减率随着冲击波-雾滴之间的比例交换面积增加而线性减少。 相似文献
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复合装药空气中爆炸冲击波传播特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了研究复合装药超压爆轰时的径向能量输出特性,选择典型的TNT、JO-8、海萨尔等理想、非理想高能炸药,进行了单一装药、内外层复合装药冲击波超压测试实验。采用自由场压电传感器测量了距爆心2、3、4 m处的冲击波压力,通过Origin软件对实验数据进行去除“零漂”和积分处理,获得了冲击波超压、冲量随距离的变化规律,分析了装药结构、装药类型对实验结果的影响。研究结果表明:与同体积单一装药相比,内外层复合装药对提高径向冲击波超压无优势,但对径向冲击波冲量增益显著,且冲量随传播距离的增加而增大;装药类型对内外层复合装药径向冲击波冲量增益影响较大,非理想/理想复合装药在4 m处的冲量增益大于20%,比理想/理想复合装药更有利于提高战斗部的径向输出威力。 相似文献
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铝纤维对黑索今水下爆炸性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将铝纤维添加到RDX中得到新型非理想炸药,并与RDX进行水下爆炸对比实验,得到2种炸药在不同位置的压力时程曲线,经过分析计算得到两者水下爆炸的冲击波压力峰值、冲量、冲击波能、气泡脉动周期以及气泡能。结果表明:距离药柱相同位置处,铝纤维炸药的压力峰值低于RDX,铝纤维炸药的冲击波冲量高于RDX,其差值受离药柱的距离影响不大。与RDX相比,铝纤维炸药的比冲击波能降低了2%~5.2%,比气泡能提高了9.4%~23.36%,总能量平均提高了3.5%。铝纤维炸药比气泡能与总能量的比值为55%~60%,高于RDX的50%~53%,其总能量与爆热比值为74%~84%,低于RDX的89%~95%。 相似文献
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低能量导爆索水下爆炸冲击波特性实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了获得低能量导爆索水下爆炸冲击波特性,在水下爆炸试验容器中对复合铝纤维爆炸索进行水下爆炸实验。采用PCB压电型传感器测量水中爆炸冲击波压力脉冲,获得了复合铝纤维爆炸索冲击波压力峰值,计算了其冲击波比能和高压区冲击波比能。研究结果表明:复合铝纤维爆炸索冲击波能量的输出主要集中在特征时间内的高压区,占到冲击波比能的84%。通过复合铝纤维爆炸索水下爆炸冲击波特性的研究,为其下一步的推广应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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水下爆炸破冰是复杂的爆破工程,为了研究冰层在水下爆炸冲击波载荷作用下的破碎特性及规律,利用几何动力分析软件LS-DYNA对水下爆炸破冰的过程进行数值模拟,并将计算结果与实验结果进行对比,误差在8%以内,验证了数值模型的有效性。根据本文中的建模方法及建立的模型,计算不同的实验工况:实验场地环境不变,调整爆距分析不同爆距下冰层破碎特性;调整药量、爆距和冰厚,通过正交设计方法设计9组实验方案,应用灰色系统理论对3种因素进行分析,建立了各个因素与破冰半径之间的灰色关联度系数及灰色关联度。分析结果表明:药量为100 g,冰厚为29 cm,水深为2.9 m,爆距范围为0.3~1.5 m破冰的半径范围为0~1.1 m,最佳爆距范围在0.3~0.45 m之间;根据以上9种工况的分析可知,药量(100、200、300 g)、爆距(0.3、0.6、0.9 m)和冰厚(24、28、32 cm)对破冰半径的影响的主次关系依次为爆距、药量、冰厚。 相似文献
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在开阔空间中水对爆炸冲击波的削波作用 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
用数值方法计算了开阔空间中布置在炸药周围的水对爆炸冲击波的削波作用。计算结果与实验测量数据进行了比较。计算表明 ,在炸药周围布置 1~ 5倍于炸药质量的水可以把爆炸冲击波峰值压力减小17%~ 46 %。 相似文献
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为探究肺部爆炸伤的致伤机制与评价指标,构建了人体-爆炸流场有限元模型,通过与爆炸事故中人员损伤情况比对,验证了模型的有效性。共进行39个爆炸工况的数值模拟,通过改变爆炸当量与距离,使得胸部受到不同量级爆炸载荷作用,肺部损伤等级从无损伤到严重损伤。通过分析爆炸流场分布、胸腔动力学响应、肺部应力分布等阐明肺部爆炸伤的力学机制。基于人体有限元模型输出的损伤响应,提出肺部爆炸伤的评价指标。研究结果表明:在爆炸载荷作用下,胸前壁高速撞击胸腔脏器,导致肺部产生应力波。随后在惯性作用下,胸前壁持续挤压胸腔脏器,并造成胸腔变形。应力波是造成肺部损伤的主要原因,胸腔变形挤压肺部造成的损伤风险较低。肺部损伤集中在靠近胸前壁及心脏的区域。胸骨速度峰值和胸骨加速度峰值可作为肺部爆炸伤的评价指标。胸部压缩量及黏性响应系数不能反映应力波对肺部造成的损伤,不适合评价肺部爆炸伤。
相似文献11.
G. Jourdan L. Biamino C. Mariani C. Blanchot E. Daniel J. Massoni L. Houas R. Tosello D. Praguine 《Shock Waves》2010,20(4):285-296
The mitigation of a planar shock wave caused by a cloud of calibrated water droplets was studied both experimentally and numerically.
Experiments were carried out, with different shock wave Mach numbers ranging from 1.1 to 1.8, in a vertical shock tube coupled
with a droplet generator which produced a well-characterized cloud of droplets of 120, 250 and 500 μm in diameter. By exploiting
such an experimental set-up, we successfully measured the attenuation of a normal shock wave when passing through the water
droplet cloud. This series of experiments allowed to identify the main parameters of this investigation and a clear dependence
between the attenuation of the shock wave and terms governing the regimes of droplet breakup has been found. On the other
hand, to support this experimental approach, 1D unsteady calculations were performed in similar configurations. Although the
mathematical model based on an Eulerian/Eulerian approach was actually incomplete, the first comparisons between the experiments
and the simulations were rather interesting and pointed out the need to improve the physical model, by taking into account
the fragmentation and the vaporization of the droplets submitted to the shock wave as well as the size distribution of the
water spray. 相似文献
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The instability theory of shock wave was extended from the case with an infinitefront to the case of a channel with a rectangular cross section.First,themathematical formulation of the problem was given which included a system ofdisturbed equations and three kinds of boundary conditions.Then,the general solutionsof the equations upstream and downstream were given and each contained fiveconstants to be determined.Thirdly,under one boundary condition and oneassumption,it was proved that all of the disturbances in front of the shock front andone of the two acoustic disturbances behind the shock front should be zero.Theboundary condition was that all of the disturbed physical quantities should approach tozero at infinity.The assumption was that only the unstable shock wave was concernedhere.So it was reasonable to assumeω=iγ,γwas the instability growth rate andwas a positive real number.Another kind of boundary conditions was that the normaldisturbed velocities should be zero at the solid wall of the cha 相似文献
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T. Tominaga A. Nakagawa T. Hirano J. Sato K. Kato S. H. R. Hosseini K. Takayama 《Shock Waves》2006,15(1):55-67
Paper deals with applications of underwater shock waves to medicine. A historical development of underwater shock wave generation by using pulsed Ho:YAG laser beam irradiation in water is briefly described and an overview is given regarding potential applications of shock waves to neuro-surgery. The laser beam irradiation in a liquid-filled catheter produces water vapor bubble and shock waves intermittently produces micro-liquid jets in a controlled fashion from the exit of the catheter. Correlations between shock dynamics and bubble dynamics are emphasized. To optimize the jet motion, results of basic parametric studies are briefly presented. The liquid jet discharged from the catheter exit has an impulse high enough to clearly exhibit effectiveness for various medical purposes. In liquid jets we observed reasonably strong shock waves and hence invented a compact shock generator aiming to apply to microsurgery. We applied it to a rat's bone window and developed an effective method of brain protection against shock loading. The insertion of Gore-Tex® sheet is found to attenuate shock waves drastically even for very short stand off distance and its physical mechanism is clarified. The laser-induced liquid jet (LILJ) is successfully applied to soft tissue dissection. Animal experiments were performed and results of histological observations are presented in details. Results of animal experiments revealed that LILJ can sharply dissect soft tissue with a minimum amount of liquid consumption, while blood vessels larger than 0.2 mm in diameter are preserved. Shock waves and LILJ have a potential to be indispensable tools in neuro-surgery.This paper was based on work that was presented at the 2nd International Symposium on Interdisciplinary Shock Wave Research, Sendai, Japan, March 1–3, 2005.Communicated by K. Takayama
PACS 42.62.Be, 47.40.-x, 42.62.-b 相似文献
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The interaction of a two-phase flow with a
wedge where a stationary shock wave is initially settled is studied
in a two-dimensional configuration. Before the introduction of
the dispersed phase, the flow around the wedge is a supersonic
one phase flow such as an attached stationary shock wave is
present. Then, the dispersed phase is introduced upstream the
initial position of the stationary shock wave. The purpose of
this study is to point out two-phase and droplets break-up
effects on the oblique shock wave. The two-dimensional
equations are solved by a TVD scheme where fluxes are computed
by using Riemann solver for the gas phase equations and also
for the dispersed phase equations wich is an original approach
due to the authors (Saurel et al. 1994). In addition to drag
forces and heat and mass transfers, the process of droplets
fragmentation based on the particle oscillation is considered.
Accepted April 28, 1995 相似文献
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The instability theory of shock wave in a shock tube including the effects of tube wall and contact surface is studied. The
experimental data of unstable shock wave coincide with one of instability criteria derived in the present paper. 相似文献
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B. E. Milton 《Shock Waves》2006,16(2):95-107
Many engineering applications involve the stripping of liquid droplets from surfaces, one example being the entrainment of surface fuel from the inlet valves, ports, cylinder walls and piston crowns of internal combustion engines during the induction process. This configuration is likely to exhibit differences from the more commonly studied case of suspended droplets. In order to study the atomization of liquids from surfaces, shock waves at low Mach numbers (M = 1.05 and 1.12) have been used in the present work to initiate the flow over water droplets with visualization obtained from shadowgraph photographs, high-intensity flash photography and a CCD camera. Visualization paths both normal and angled at ±45° to the flow were used in order to obtain improved examination of the atomization details. Surface wave formation and a specific pattern of droplet distortion followed by stripping, was observed. There are similarities in the processes to those of suspended droplets that are modified by the boundary layer effects. At the Weber numbers considered, a cave-like formation occurs near the wall due to surface flow around the droplet with a major liquid flow directed tangentially across the air flow towards the cave peak where bag or chaotic type break-up and stripping takes place. 相似文献
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The transition from regular reflection (RR) to Mach reflection (MR) as a plane shock wave diffracts around a triangular mountain of 45° inclination is analysed in this paper, both by optical
measurement in a shock tube and by numerical simulation the numerical method developed by Li Yingfan[1] is of the FLIC type with triangular mesh. The dependence of the critical transition point Lk ofRR→MR on shock Mach numberM
i
is analyzed and the variations of the incidence angle ω
i
of the impinging shock and the reflection angle ω
r
with the distanceL
* are investigated. Our experimental and numerical results agree well with the theoretical results of Iton and Italya. 相似文献
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G. Emanuel 《Shock Waves》1992,2(1):13-18
An attached planar, oblique shock with sweep is investigated for the inviscid flow of a perfect gas. The ratio of specific heats, freestream Mach number, and wedge angle in the plane of the freestream velocity are prescribed, with the sweep angle as a free parameter. Explicit relations are provided for jump and detachment conditions. A number of trends, some non-intuitive, are discussed, e.g., the downstream Mach number may increase with sweep. 相似文献