Phospholipids of kenaf of variety Opytnyi-1847

The total phospholipids of kenaf of variety Opytnyi-1847 and homogeneous fractions of them have been studied. A known law has been confirmed — positions 2 of the main fractions of phospholipids are esterified predominantly with unsaturated fatty acids and in N-aceylated phospholipids the amide-bound acids are more saturated than the O-acyls.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 775–777, November–December, 1980.     

Phospholipids of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-3. II. Structure of the main phospholipid fractions

1. Individual fractions of phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinositols, and the X₂ and X₃ phospholipids have been obtained from the combined phospholipids, freed from carbohydrates, of the seed kernels of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-3. 2. The compositions and position distributions of the fatty acids in the main fractions of phospholipids have been studied.     

Analysis by fast-atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry of phosphatidylcholine isolated from heart mitochondrial fractions: Evidence of incorporation of monohydroxylated fatty acyl moieties

Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is one of the main phospholipids present in mitochondrial membranes. According to current knowledge, the predominant fatty acyl moieties in this phospholipid are 16, 18, 20, or 22 carbon atoms long with chains that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms. We have conducted a detailed analysis of the fatty acid substituents of the phospholipids present in mitochondrial fractions by using fast-atom bombardment tandem PC extracted from mitochondrial fractions of rat heart. The structure of one of these monohydroxylated fatty acids has been elucidated and corresponded to 12-hydroxy 9-octadecenoic acid. Indications that concern the structure of the five other monohydroxylated fatty acids are presented. These monohydroxylated fatty acyl groups are preferentially associated in the PC molecule with C-18 and C-20 fatty acyl moieties. We present arguments to suggest that the formation of these compounds is probably not due to a free-radical initiated mechanism. The potential implication of these monohydroxylated fatty acids in several physiological functions is suggested by the fact that free hydroxylated fatty acids that are identical or closely related to those found in the mitochondrial fractions possess various biological activities.     

Phospholipids of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-3. II. Structure of the main phospholipid fractions

Summary 1. Individual fractions of phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinositols, and the X₂ and X₃ phospholipids have been obtained from the combined phospholipids, freed from carbohydrates, of the seed kernels of the cotton plant of variety Tashkent-3.2. The compositions and position distributions of the fatty acids in the main fractions of phospholipids have been studied.3. The possible molecular composition of the phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and phosphatidylinositols have been calculated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 155–158, March–April, 1976.     

Phospholipids of the seeds of two species of Erysimum

Summary The phospholipid complexes of the seeds ofErysimum diffusum andE. sylvestris have been investigated. It has been found that the amount of phospholipids in the seeds ofE. diffusum is lower than in those ofE. sylvestris, but their qualitative compositions are similar. The fatty-acid compositions of the triglycerides and of the total phospholipids of the two plants investigated have been studied. It has been established that the total phospholipids of the species ofErysimum under consideration and individual fractions of them differ by the degree of saturation and the qualitative and quantitative composition of the acids that they contain and, consequently, the phospholipids present in greatest amount differ in their molecular compositions.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 623–627, September–October, 1977.     

Phospholipids of the seeds of the healthy and the wilt-affected cotton plant

A comparative study has been made of the phospholipid complexes of the seeds of a healthy cotton plant of the variety Tashkent-1 and one attacked by verticillium wilt. Some differences have been found in the amounts of the components of the total phospholipids and in the distribution of the fatty acids in the individual fractions of the phospholipids of the healthy and wilt-affected plants.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 325–327, May–June, 1980.     

Phospholipids ofPhaseolus aureus. II

The fractional and fatty-acid compositions of the total phospholipids of the mung bean of the Angelika variety have been studied. It has been established that the compositions of the fatty acids of the total phospholipids of this variety and of the variety of mung bean studied previously, and their individual fractions, differed quantitatively from one another.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 177–179, March–April, 1984.     

Phospholipids of seeds of kenaf of the variety "Uzbekskii-1503"

Summary The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the combined phospholipids of the seeds of kenaf of the variety "Uzbekskii-1503" have been determined for the first time.The fatty-acid composition of the combined phospholipids and triglycerides and also of the main and two minor components of the phospholipids have been studied. On the basis of the results of acid hydrolysis and of IR spectroscopy, the glycerophospholipid structures of the main and minor components of the total material have been confirmed. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the main fractions of the total material has been performed: the position distribution of the fatty acids has been determined and from this the possible molecular compositions of the phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidy lethanolamines, and phosphatidy linositols have been calculated. Kenaf seeds can serve as a source of the medicinal preparation phytin.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 485–487, July–August, 1977.     

Phospholipids ofGoebelia seeds

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the phospholipids of the seeds ofGoebelia pachycarpa and the fatty-acid composition of the total phospholipids and of homogeneous fractions have been studied. The molecular weights of the main fractions have been calculated.     

Composition of the phospholipids of the cotton plant Gossipium barbadense

Summary 1. The fatty-acid compositions of the oil, the total phospholipids, and the main groups of phospholipids of the seed kernels of the fine-fibered cotton plant of variety 5904-I have been determined. The complete qualitative identity of the acids present in them and quantitative similarity of the acids in the oil and in the total phospholipids have been shown: in the degree of increasing saturation the phospholipids form the following sequence: phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylinositols.2. It has been established by enzymatic hydrolysis with phospholipase A₂ of kufi venom that the unsaturated fatty acids are present in position of the PCh, PE, and PI molecules — to the extent of 90.6%, 96.5%, and 85.4%, respectively.3. From the position distribution of the fatty acids in the phospholipids, their possible molecular compositions have been calculated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 693–697, November–December, 1975.     

Lipid content and fatty acid composition in lemon wax

Lipids were extracted from lemon wax and fractionated into four classes on a silicic acid glass packed column by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The free fatty acids, the fatty acid composition and the amount of each separated lipids were determined by capillary column gas chromatography (GC). Total lipids (TL) were 60 mg per 100 g raw weight and the ratio of nonpolar lipids (NPLs): glycolipids (GLs): phospholipids (PLs) was about 47:2:2. The main free fatty acids in lemon wax were hexadecanoic acid, cis-9-octadecenoic acid and cis,cis-9,12-octadecadienoic acid, while in the lipid fractions the main fatty acids were hexadecanoic acid in all the fractions, cis-cis-9,12-octadecadienoic and decanoic acids in triglyceride (TG) fraction, dodecanoic and cis-9-octadecenoic acids in diglyceride (DG) fraction and tetradecanoic, octadecanoic and cis-9-octadecenoic acids in GL and PL fractions. The ratio of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids showed a remarkable difference among these four lipid fractions. In PL and GL fractions this ratio was similar, 47.7% and 47.1% respectively, and in TG fraction it was 42.4% while in DG fraction this value was 23.5%.     

Effects of γ-irradiation on the lipid composition of inner sprout of garlic

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of a dose of 60.0 Gy of ⁶⁰Co γ-rays on the concentration and composition of lipids from the inner sprout of garlic cloves. 210 days after treatment, the levels of phospholipids, triacylglycerols and glycolipids were significantly reduced as a result of radiation. Levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids from these lipid fractions such as linoleic acids showed a similar trend of decrease. Irradiation also brought about an increase in diacylglycerols. Results are correlated with sprouting inhibition induced by γ-irradiation in garlic.     

A comparative study of the phospholipids of kenaf seeds

Summary The qualitative and qualitative compositions of the phospholipids of kenaf seeds of the variety Opytnyi-1961 have been investigated. It has been established that the main components of the total phospholipids are phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolamines, and phosphatidylinositols, and minor components are N-acyl-PEs and their lyso analogs The structural analysis of these homogeneous fractions has been performed, and the molecular compositions of the main fractions have been calculated. On comparing the results obtained with those of other varieties of kenaf investigated previously, some differences have appeared in the qualitative, quantitative, molecular, and fatty-acid compositions of the total phospholipids and of individual fractions of them.The differences found are possibly due to the variety of characteristics of the plant. For the N-acyllyso-PEs the structure of 2-acylglycerophosphoryl-N-acylethanolamines has been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 559–562, September–October, 1978.     

Lipids ofViburnum opulus seeds

Lipid components of the seeds ofViburnum opulus (Caprifoliaceae family) were investigated. The neutral lipids consist of eight classes, the glycolipids consist of three classes, and the phospholipids contain seven classes. The fatty-acid contents of all of the acyl-containing lipids were determined. The 18∶2 fatty acid is the main component of all the lipid fractions. The content of saturated acids is greater in the glycolipids and phospholipids. The lipophilic components, higher fatty alcohols and sterols, were identified.     

Phospholipids of the seeds ofPhaseolus vulgaris

Six homogeneous fractions have been isolated from the total phospholipids of the seeds of the kidney bean, and their ratios and fatty acid compositions and the position distributions of the fatty acid radicals in the main fractions have been determined.     

Phospholipids ofGoebelia seeds

The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the phospholipids of the seeds ofGoebelia pachycarpa and the fatty-acid composition of the total phospholipids and of homogeneous fractions have been studied. The molecular weights of the main fractions have been calculated.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 615–618, September–October, 1979.     

Thin Layer Chromatographic Determination of Neutral Lipids and Phospholipids in Biomphalaria Glabrata Snails Fed Lettuce Versus Hen's Egg Yolk as a Function of Time

Abstract

TLC on HP preadsorbent silica gel plates was used to determine, at various times over a 21-day period, neutral lipids and phospholipids in the plasma and digestive glandgonad complex (DGG) of Biomphalaria glabrata snails maintained on diets of leaf lettuce and hen's egg yolk. The DGG of yolk-fed snails showed considerable elevation of triacylglycerols by day 3, and free fatty acids and sterols by day 5. Hemolymph from two pools of yolk-fed snails was analyzed on day 7, and the respective results for free fatty acids, sterols, and triacylglycerols were 0.036, 0.0023, and 0.028 g/dL. Comparable values in lettuce-fed snails were 0.0061 for free fatty acids, 0.0016 for sterols, and triacylglycerols were not detected. Semiquantitative TLC showed that compared to lettuce-fed snails, the plasma of yolk-fed snails had elevations in sterols, free fatty acids, triacylglycerols, and phospholipids from days 5 to 21. The DGG of snails fed both diets showed approximately equal amounts of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylserine throughout the 21 days, but phosphatidylethanolamine was elevated in the DGG of yolk-fed snails by day 5. All phospholipid fractions were elevated in the plasma of yolk-fed snails during the 21-day period, with plasma from lettuce-fed snails showing only negligible amounts of phospholipids.     

Composition of the phospholipids of seeds of Cercis siliquastrum

The phospholipids of the polar lipids of the seeds of the Judas tree and the fatty-acid composition of the N-acylphosphatidylethanolamines, the phosphatidylcholines, and the phosphatidylethanolamines, and also the molecular-species types of the fatty acids of the phosphatidylcholines and the phosphatidylethanolamines have been studied. It has been established that the seeds of the Judas tree contain ten phospholipids. The main fatty acids are palmitic and oleic.I. V. Kutateladze Institute of Pharmacochemistry, Georgian Academy of Sciences. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Nos. 3,4, pp. 320–323, May–August, 1992.     

Unusual acid isomers in the phospholipids ofErysimum

Summary The great diversity of the fatty acids of the total phospholipids and of the neutral lipids of the seedsErysimum sp.(sylvestris?) has been shown. By combination of the methods of UV, IR, and mass spectrometry, and also by TLC and GLC analyses with chemical methods of analysis with the fatty acids the presence in the phospholipids of the seeds of this plant of isomers of linoleic and eicosadienic acids that are unusual for the phospholipids of higher plants has been shown.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 180–184, March–April, 1978.