相控阵全光移相网络对空间波束电平的影响

全光移相网络以其宽带、高精度的优势极大地提高了光控相控阵天线的性能,但其引入的附加相位噪声,将导致空间波束电平指标劣化。基于全光移相网络噪声理论和相控阵理论,推导了激光器相对强度噪声、光载波传输链路插入损耗、激光器输出平均光功率与主、副瓣电平关系的理论公式。仿真结果表明在全光移相网络的典型应用参数下,上述3个参量的增大均会导致波束主瓣增益降低和副瓣电平升高,其中激光器相对强度噪声影响最为明显,为了优化波束电平指标,激光器相对强度噪声需低于-140 dB/Hz。     

日本商用相控阵天线系统述评

本文将对日本的相控阵研究活动以及已经开发出的相控阵系统作一评述。文中还将讨论用于波束形成网络的两种基本技术；一种是使用单片微波集成电路的微波处理技术，另一种是光学处理技术。文中还将对采用光学元器件的几种光学控制相控阵天线作一描述。作为市售系统，文中还将介绍用于ＩＮＭＡＲＳＡＴ－Ｍ上的机载相控阵天线和Ｓｈｉｎｋａｎｓｅｎ火车上的波束开关天线。     

强馈相控阵天线的配相方法和副瓣降低

相控阵天线是天线领域的重要课题，其波束快速灵活的优点命名其得到了广泛的应用。相控阵天线能极其迅速地改变波束的指向，关键在于相控阵天线每个单元的电调移相器。而如何控制移相器的配相方法使得天线获得最佳的性能就成为实际应用中必须研究的课题。     

用于机载辐射成象仪的先进相控阵天线

工作在毫米波估的机载高分辨率和高灵敏度的辐射仪系统有望应用于高性能全天候地面警戒和侦察。这个系统使用了能产生Ｎ个垂直飞行方向观察波束的平面相控阵天线。这样，Ｎ个波束可依次观测一个目标，并且这个系统可以有很大的带宽。     

光通信技术在相控阵天线中的应用

在简要介绍微波相控阵天线基本特性的基础上,详细介绍了用于微波相控阵天线的光子实时时延（TTD）波束形成网络及其性能特点.     

密度加权相控阵天线随机馈相和波束置零实验研究

叙述了在密度加权相控上进行的随机馈相和波束置零实验，得到了随机馈相抑制副瓣电平的结果，指出了副瓣电平抑制量与扫描角位置和移相器位数有关，证实了用相位加权置零实数算法在最大幅瓣处置零可以很好地抑制该副瓣的电平，在波束其它方向置零效果也很好。     

相控阵天线数字波束形成浅述

用模拟技术形成的波束的缺点主要是旁瓣电平高，稳定性差，更重要的是对有源干扰无自适应能力。针对上述问题，本文重点讨论数字波束形成的原理和实现的方法。     

某相控阵天线幅相分配网络的设计与实现

在某相控阵天线设计中,需要对铅垂放置的天线单元的方向图赋形.本文采用最小二乘法得到天线单无各振子电流的幅度和相位,并用MATLAB进行方向图计算仿真;根据计算结果,设计了幅相分配网络,并用HSFF仿真软件进行模型仿真;应用矢量网络分析仪对实物进行测量.测量结果表明,天线单元铅垂方向图与计算、仿真结果一致,满足设计要求.     

星载多波束相控阵天线等通量覆盖设计

针对低轨卫星码分多址通信体制,为了克服卫星波束大角度扫描带来的远近效应和波束间干扰,提出了等通量覆盖和波束间频率复用方案。针对低轨卫星环境建立合理的天线波束扫描的数学模型,结合子阵分割理论,采用遗传算法对正六边形天线阵列进行综合;通过对多波束相控阵发射天线的唯相综合结果分析表明:天线等通量覆盖、旁瓣、波束指向等指标都符合设计要求,有效验证了算法的正确性。     

Optical feed for a phased array microwave antenna

Microwave signals for all array elements in a phared array microwave antenna are simultaneously generated by spatial sampling of a moving sinusoidal interference pattern formed between two frequency-offset injection-locked laser diodes. The offset and radar frequency of 3.2 GHz were generated by a Bragg cell. A nearly distortionless antenna beam pattern and 180° steering are demonstrated in a linear seven-element array.     

Optical phased array technology

Optical phased arrays represent an enabling new technology that makes possible simple affordable, lightweight, optical sensors offering very precise stabilization, random-access pointing programmable multiple simultaneous beams, a dynamic focus/defocus capability, and moderate to excellent optical power handling capability. These new arrays steer or otherwise operate on an already formed beam. A phase profile is imposed on an optical beam as it is either transmitted through or reflected from the phase shifter array. The imposed phase profile steers, focuses, fans out, or corrects phase aberrations on the beam. The array of optical phase shifters is realized through lithographic patterning of an electrical addressing network on the superstrate of a liquid crystal waveplate. Refractive index changes sufficiently large to realize full-wave differential phase shifts can be effected using low (<10 V) voltages applied to the liquid crystal phase plate electrodes. High efficiency large-angle steering with phased arrays requires phase shifter spacing on the order of a wavelength or less; consequently addressing issues make 1-D optical arrays much more practical than 2-D arrays. Orthogonal oriented 1-D phased arrays are used to deflect a beam in both dimensions. Optical phased arrays with apertures on the order of 4 cm by 4 cm have been fabricated for steering green, red, 1.06 μm, and 10.6 μm radiation. System concepts that include a passive acquisition sensor as well as a laser radar are presented     

激光相控阵与微波相控阵发射天线技术体制的比较

借鉴微波相控阵雷达技术,有的放矢加快探测型激光相控阵雷达的技术发展与应用,从仿学微波相控阵雷达发射天线基础知识入手,提出微波相控阵雷达发射天线与光纤激光相控阵发射天线可比较的部分技术参数;分析了光纤激光相控阵发射天线的技术要点与潜在能力,并立足现有研发水平对其系统功能与规模进行了预测;尝试对光纤激光相控阵与微波相控阵天线的技术特点与面临主要问题进行了论述;提出两者体系内互相配置,不仅有助于提高微波相控阵雷达在复杂电磁环境下对中近程高速、隐身和多目标的探测、识别与定位能力;同时也可适当减少激光相控阵对目标大范围区域搜索的压力的观点。     

Tracking error of phased array antenna

The tracking error of a phased array antenna between transmitting and receiving frequencies was measured by in-flight experiments using a geostationary satellite. The tracking error was found to depend on beam-scanning angle and the ratio of transmitting and receiving frequencies. Measured results agreed well with a theoretical prediction. An effective method to eliminate the tracking error is proposed     

平面相控阵天线波束控制技术

以平面相控阵天线为研究对象,在给出阵面天线方向图函数模型的基础上,详细描述了波控码的计算方法;分析了波束控制的系统架构,提出了查表法与分布式计算相结合的波控码计算方法,阐述了其软件处理流程,并与传统方法对比分析了该方法的技术优势.通过对阵面天线方向图的仿真分析,该方法可以控制波束指向,实现一维扫描与二维扫描、单向扫描与...     

Optical steering of dual band microwave phased array antenna using semiconductor laser switching

The first microwave phased array antenna steered by optical delay lines is presented. Delay times specified by the antenna steering angle were implemented by switching bias currents of high speed lasers pigtailed to the fibre optic delay lines. No beam squint was observed in the radiation pattern of the antenna as its frequency was switched from the L- to the X-band.<>     

A flat four-beam compact phased array antenna

This paper presents a flat four-beam compact phased array antenna. The low-cost and compact phased array antenna is designed using a circular array of four circular microstrip antennas made of low-cost material and four 1-bit phase shifters. The main beam of the antenna can be switched in four directions with the gain of about 4 dBi in each main-beam direction. More than 90° half-power beamwidth and over 10 dB F/B ratio are obtained. In addition, the diversity performance is considered and the diversity performance of this antenna can be provided with the envelope correlation about 0.6     

多波束相控阵天线角度测量方法

在雷达、通信、测控等领域中,基于相控阵天线的幅度和差单脉冲测角技术是基本方法,但该方法通过旋转法向方向图去近似表示子波束方向图,并用一阶泰勒公式近似表示子波束接收信号幅度,从而带来非噪声因素误差,最终导致目标角度估计精度不高。为此,通过相控阵天线同时产生两个形状相同但相互独立的子波束,旋转波束指向中心轴方向的方向图函数来确定两个子波束的方向图函数,并用高阶泰勒公式对子波束接收信号幅度进行近似,从而减少误差。仿真和硬件测试结果表明所提方法能够有效提高测角精度。     

一种宽带宽角扫描相控阵天线的设计

给出了一种宽带不等间距相控阵天线的设计方法,利用该方法实现4.5个倍频内对方向图栅瓣的抑制和±30°波束扫描.文中首先从理论上分析了不等间距阵列的宽带特性,然后对以微带Vivaldi天线为辐射单元的16单元不等间距阵进行了仿真设计,最后对不等间距阵列天线进行了加工实测,实测结果与仿真结果一致,验证了设计方法的正确性.     

二元相控阵手机天线分析

现代移动通信的迅猛发展迫切要求进一步研究移动终端智能天线技术。对手机用二元相控阵天线进行了研究，使用矩量法对该天线进行了电磁仿真。通过改变天线阵二单元激励源的相位，实现了方向图主波束扫描的功能，表明了该天线方案作为手机智能天线具有良好的应用前景。