改性焦粉对亚甲基蓝吸附性能及机理的研究

以废弃焦粉为原料,50%硝酸为改性剂,借助JSM、XPS分析测试方法表征其结构。考察了改性焦粉、焦粉对亚甲基蓝吸附性能、吸附平衡等温线、黏附几率和活化能,用Weber-Morris曲线研究吸附机理。结果表明,硝酸改性焦粉是硝酸刻蚀焦粉表面增加孔结构,增大表面积,表面氧化形成较为丰富含氧功能组的过程;改性焦粉对亚甲基蓝吸附性能明显优于焦粉;改性焦粉吸附量随亚甲基蓝溶液浓度、pH的增大而增加;吸附过程符合Langmuir、Freundlich吸附等温式;黏附几率和活化能分别为S=0.1977、2.5635kJ/mol;该吸附过程主要为颗粒内扩散控制的物理吸附。     

改性埃洛石材料的制备及其对亚甲基蓝吸附行为的研究

使用硅烷偶联剂KH550改性埃洛石纳米管获得改性材料HNTs-APTS,并对其吸附亚甲基蓝的行为进行研究。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X-衍射仪(XRD)对改性前后的埃洛石进行表征。考察了吸附时间和温度对吸附过程的影响,并采用Lagrange准二级动力学方程、Langmuir等温线方程及Freundlich等温线方程对实验数据进行拟合。结果表明,KH550成功负载到埃洛石表面;改性后材料的吸附能力大大提高。改性埃洛石对亚甲基蓝的吸附约在60 min达平衡,最大吸附容量为21.66 mg/g。其吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程,热力学较好地符合Langmuir等温线方程,且吸附过程为自发吸热,升高温度有利于吸附的进行。改性材料可重复再生6次,具有良好的再生性能,可在工业处理亚甲基蓝废水中使用。     

果胶改性硅胶复合材料的制备及其对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能

以废弃柚子皮中提取的果胶改性硅胶表面,制备出新型的果胶改性硅胶复合材料——P-硅胶,研究了P-硅胶对水中亚甲基蓝染料的吸附性能。利用红外光谱对材料进行表征,并通过分光光度法考察了用量、p H值、吸附时间、温度及实际水样对P-硅胶吸附亚甲基蓝性能的影响。硅胶经果胶改性后,其对亚甲基蓝的吸附容量由31.6 mg·g-1增至41.7 mg·g-1,吸附性能明显提高;P-硅胶对亚甲基蓝的吸附容量随着p H值、温度的升高而增大,碱性条件有利于吸附。结果显示:当p H 7.0,P-硅胶用量为5 mg,吸附时间为2 h,吸附温度为50℃时,制备出的P-硅胶对亚甲基蓝染料溶液的吸附容量最大可达59.2 mg·g-1。动力学研究显示,P-硅胶对亚甲基蓝的吸附能够在120 min内迅速达平衡,吸附行为符合准二级动力学方程,表明该吸附过程以化学吸附为主。吸附等温线研究表明,与Freundlich模型相比,实验数据拟合更符合Langmuir吸附等温模型。P-硅胶对环境水样中亚甲基蓝的去除率可达90%以上。     

膨润土对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能研究

为将膨润土作为消化道粘膜保护剂提供依据，本文研究了钠质，钙质膨润土对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能。研究了在20℃下的吸附动力学，测试了肿附速率常数，绘制了20℃下各型膨润土的吸附等温线，并求得其饱和吸附量。结果表明，20℃时钠质膨润土的吸附速率要快于钙质膨润,各型膨润土的吸附行为符合Langmuir方程，钠质膨润土的饱和吸附量qm为86．51mg/g，与粘膜保护剂思密达比较接近，而钙质膨润土吸附能力相对较弱。     

超细粉煤灰吸附亚甲基蓝的机理研究

以西安西郊热电厂粉煤灰(XFA),西安灞桥热电厂粉煤灰(BFA)和陕西渭河电厂粉煤灰(WFA)为原料,球磨后经旋风分级再用布袋收集逸出物分别得到超细粉煤灰XUFA、BUFA和WUFA。研究了超细粉煤灰对亚甲基蓝的吸附动力学、热力学以及pH值对吸附的影响。结果表明,超细粉煤灰对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能明显好于原粉煤灰。超细粉煤灰对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能按顺序为WUFA>XUFA>BUFA。粉煤灰颗粒粒度、比表面积和活性组分(SiO2 Al2O3)含量是影响粉煤灰吸附性能的主要因素。WUFA对亚甲基蓝的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式,而XUFA和BUFA对亚甲基蓝的吸附符合Freundlich吸附等温式。超细粉煤灰对亚甲基蓝的吸附均符合二级吸附动力学模型,吸附过程由颗粒内扩散过程控制。当溶液pH由2增加到8时,超细粉煤灰吸附量增加,后随pH值增加,吸附量略有下降。     

碱活化高岭土对亚甲基蓝的吸附研究

本研究通过碱活化的方法对天然高岭土进行改性,制备高岭土基吸附剂,通过静态吸附实验考察了其对亚甲基蓝的吸附行为。实验结果表明:与天然高岭土相比,碱活化高岭土的结构发生了明显改变,进而影响了其吸附亚甲基蓝的性能。该吸附过程可以用伪二级动力学模型和Freundlich等温吸附模型来描述。由吸附热力学可知,该吸附过程可以自发的进行且为吸热过程。     

硫辛酸修饰钛酸纳米管吸附亚甲基蓝的性能

在水热法制备钛酸纳米管（Titanate nanotubes,TNTs）的基础上,再通过浸渍法将硫辛酸（Lipoic acid,LA）修饰到钛酸纳米管上,得到硫辛酸修饰的钛酸纳米管（TNTs-LA）。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、X光电子能谱仪（XPS）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）等仪器对材料进行表征,并以亚甲基蓝（MB）的吸附实验评价其吸附性能。结果表明,TNTs-LA对MB的吸附主要集中于前30 min,60 min可达吸附平衡。MB的去除与溶液p H值有关,且符合二级反应动力学方程,吸附过程是一个多种机制共同作用的结果。Langmuir等温模型拟合得出TNTs-LA对MB的最大吸附量为216.98 mg/g,有较高的吸附能力。     

活性碳/CoFe_2O_4复合物的制备及其对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能

通过低温回流法制备了具有磁分离响应的活性碳(AC)与CoFe2O4的复合物AC/CoFe2O4(MAC)。采用批式吸附实验法对MAC吸附溶液中偶氮染料亚甲基蓝(MB)的吸附动力学过程及吸附平衡进行了研究,考察了溶液初始pH值对MAC吸附MB的影响。结果表明,MAC吸附MB的过程很快,20min几乎达到平衡。MAC吸附MB过程可以用准二级动力学方程描述。等温吸附过程服从Langmuir方程,MAC对MB的饱和吸附容量为120.48mg/g。在较低pH值时,MB吸附量较小。随着pH值的升高,MAC对MB的吸附量增大。     

三维全碳多孔结构对亚甲基蓝吸附性能的动力学探究

采用低温-烧结法,以碳纳米管(CNTs)为基本骨架,聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)微球为造孔剂,制备了一种孔径可调的三维全碳多孔结构(ACPs);利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、比表面积及孔结构分析等对ACPs的形貌、组成、结构及比表面积进行了表征;考察了ACPs对模拟污染物亚甲基蓝的吸附效果.结果表明,该ACPs为内部含有大孔、介孔及微孔的三维连通孔隙结构,具有较大的比表面积.ACPs对亚甲基蓝的吸附过程符合伪二级动力学模型,对亚甲基蓝的平衡吸附量qe与亚甲基蓝溶液的平衡浓度ce的关系满足Langmuir等温吸附模型,由Langmuir模型计算得到ACPs对亚甲基蓝的最大吸附容量为151.3 mg/g.     

腐殖酸自水溶液中吸附亚甲基蓝的热力学与机理研究

腐殖酸是自然界植物残体经腐解后的产物 ,为一种复杂的天然大分子有机质 ,分子内主要含有羰基、羧基、醇羟基、酚羟基等多种活性官能团 ,因此它具有弱酸性、亲水性、吸附性和络合性 ,能够与许多有机、无机物发生相互作用。腐殖酸能作为水处理过程中的吸附剂 ,研究它对水中各类污染物的吸附规律和机理是十分有意义的。赵振国等[1～ 3] 运用吸附过程的ΔＧ 、ΔＨ 、ΔＳ 等热力学函数的变化来探讨吸附机理 ,得出了一些有意义的结论。我们将这一方法应用到水溶液体系中 ,探讨在不同吸附条件下各吸附热力学函数的变化 ,以期对吸附过程有更进一…     

稻壳基活性炭对亚甲基蓝吸附平衡与动力学研究

以粮食副产物——稻壳为原料,采用化学活化法制成了微介孔共存的孔隙发达的稻壳基活性炭,此稻壳基活性炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附量可以达到464.8 mg·g-1。通过大量亚甲基蓝吸附实验结果拟合,发现其吸附平衡过程符合Freundlich吸附模型,动力学模型符合准二级吸附动力学模型。通过吸附平衡模型与动力学模型的建立,为此活性炭的实际应用提供理论预测模板。     

Equilibrium, kinetics, mechanism, and process design for the sorption of methylene blue onto rice husk

Batch experiments were carried out for the sorption of methylene blue onto rice husk particles. The operating variables studied were initial solution pH, initial dye concentration, adsorbent concentration, and contact time. Equilibrium data were fitted to the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm equations and the equilibrium data were found to be well represented by the Langmuir isotherm equation. The monolayer sorption capacity of rice husks for methylene blue sorption was found to be 40.5833 mg/g at room temperature (32 degrees C). The sorption was analyzed using pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models and the sorption kinetics was found to follow a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Also the applicability of pseudo second order in modeling the kinetic data was also discussed. The sorption process was found to be controlled by both surface and pore diffusion with surface diffusion at the earlier stages followed by pore diffusion at the later stages. The average external mass transfer coefficient and intraparticle diffusion coefficient was found to be 0.01133 min(-1) and 0.695358 mg/g min0.5. Analysis of sorption data using a Boyd plot confirms that external mass transfer is the rate limiting step in the sorption process. The effective diffusion coefficient, Di was calculated using the Boyd constant and was found to be 5.05 x 10(-04) cm2/s for an initial dye concentration of 50 mg/L. A single-stage batch-adsorber design of the adsorption of methylene blue onto rice husk has been studied based on the Langmuir isotherm equation.     

表面活性剂改性有机沸石对废水中亚甲基蓝的吸附行为

用表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)复合改性沸石,制备了阴阳离子表面活性剂改性沸石,利用X射线衍射和红外吸收光谱表征了改性前后沸石的结构,并研究了改性沸石对亚甲基蓝的吸附行为.结果表明,改性后沸石的吸附性能明显增强;在溶液pH 8、常温,吸附时间100 min、改性沸石用量20 g/...     

Rice husk ash as an adsorbent for methylene blue—effect of ashing temperature

Utilization of one waste material to control pollution caused by another is of high significance in the remediation of environmental problems. Rice husk, an abundantly available agricultural waste, can be used as a low cost adsorbent for dyes and heavy metals in effluent streams. The possible utilization of rice husk ash as an adsorbent for methylene blue dye from aqueous solutions has been investigated. Ash samples from husks of two origins were prepared at different temperatures and their physical, chemical spectroscopic and morphological properties were determined. XRD, FTIR and SEM were some of the techniques adopted for the characterization. The samples were also analyzed for bulk density, pH, nitrogen adsorption properties and lime reactivity. Experiments of methylene blue adsorption on the ash samples were conducted using batch technique and a comparative study was made. Results were analyzed using linear, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The values of separation factor indicate that most of the ash samples do adsorb the dye molecules, but in varying quantities. Calcination at 900^∘C reduces the adsorption capacity of the ash to a great extent. Regression analysis shows that the experimental data fits both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms for certain concentration limits. The adsorbate species are most probably transported from the bulk of the solution into the solid phase through intra-particle diffusion process. Kinetics of adsorption was found to follow pseudo second order rate equation with R ²∼ 0.99. The highest adsorption capacity (Q ₀) achieved is found to be ∼690 mg/g, which is even higher than the values reported for activated carbon from rice husk. The adsorption capacity of the ash samples are in good agreement with their surface area and pore volume.     

Adsorption of methylene blue on Cu(II)-exchanged montmorillonite

Cu(2+)-exchanged montmorillonite (CEM) was prepared using the method of ion exchange reaction. The goal was to determine the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) onto montmorillonite and CEM. The results showed that treatment with Cu(2+) slightly reduced the adsorption of montmorillonite. Temperature, pH value, and ionic strength in the medium had greater or smaller effects on interaction between MB and the clay. The data obtained from MB adsorption onto the tested adsorbents followed the Langmuir and BET equations. Also, the adsorption processes were endothermic and spontaneous in nature.     

Photo-degradation of methylene blue using Ta-doped ZnO nanoparticle

A photocatalyst of Ta-doped ZnO was prepared by a modified Pechini-type method. The structural, morphological properties and photocatalytic activity of 1 mol % Ta-doped ZnO samples annealed at different temperatures were characterized. The photo-oxidation of methylene blue under the visible-light irradiation followed the pseudo-first-order kinetics according to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. It is found that the photocatalysis of 1% Ta-doped ZnO annealed at 700 °C showed excellent performance of the photodegradation of methylene blue, which was attributed to a competitive trade-off among the crystallinity, surface hydroxyl groups, and specific surface area. The processing parameter such as the pH value also played an important role in tuning the photocatalytic activity. The maximum photodecomposed rate was achieved at pH=8, and an novel model about the absorption of methylene blue on the surface of the catalysts was proposed.     

Removal of methylene blue dye from an aqueous media using superabsorbent hydrogel supported on modified polysaccharide

The removal of methylene blue (MB) in water with the superabsorbent hydrogel (SH) formed by modified gum arabic, polyacrylate, and polyacrylamide was investigated. The SH exhibited excellent performance in MB absorption. The maximum absorption capacity was 48 mg of the dye per g of SH, representing 98% of the MB removed. Experimental parameters were used as follows: pH 8, hydrogel mass 50 mg, and initial concentration of MB 50 mg L(-1). In a procedure with an individual solution of orange II, an opposite effect related to the MB was observed: the hydrogel only absorbed water, resulting in an orange II-richer solution. The orange II concentration in solution increased about 50 times (relative to the initial concentration). In another experiment using an aqueous mixture of orange II and MB, the SH absorbed the MB exclusively. Compared to the MB, the orange II is separated from water by SH selectivity-absorption through an inverse process. This effect was attributed to the formation of a ionic complex between the imine groups of MB and the ionized carboxylic groups of SH.