1，4-二氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷-氰基合钴(Ⅲ)三维框架氢键型晶体的合成、相变及介电性质

室温下以1,4-二氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷（Dabco）和钴氰酸为原料、水和甲醇为混合溶剂,以缓慢蒸发的方式获得Dabco-氰基合钴氢键型框架晶体材料（H₃O）（H₂Dabco）[Co （CN）₆]·H₂O （1）。并通过单晶X射线衍射、红外光谱、元素分析、粉末X射线衍射、热重分析、差示扫描量热、变温-变频介电常数测试对其结构、热性能与电性能进行表征。在低温（100 K）与室温（296 K）下,化合物均为单斜晶系P2₁/c空间群。单晶结构显示氰基合钴阴离子、水分子与水合质子在晶体内部通过氢键的相互作用形成三维网状框架,质子化的（H₂Dabco）²⁺阳离子镶嵌在其中构成分子马达型囊状结构。随着温度的升高（H₂Dabco）²⁺阳离子发生弹簧式扭转,从而引发晶体在254 K附近相变,在相同温度下沿着晶体的3个轴向发生介电异常,呈现明显的介电各向异性。     

钼基吡啶类有机-无机杂化晶体材料的合成、可逆相变及介电性质

以钼酸铵、4-二甲氨基吡啶为原料,在乙醇、甲醇、HBr和水的混合溶液中通过溶剂挥发法成功合成有机-无机杂化晶体材料(C7H11N2)4[MoOBr4(H20)]2Br2(1).并通过变温红外光谱、单晶X射线衍射、粉末X射线衍射、热重、介电和差热分析等测试方法对晶体进行结构、热能及电性能表征分析.结构显示阴-阳离子在空间...     

氰基合钴(Ⅲ)氢键型笼状超分子晶体的合成、结构及介电性质

以2-氯苯胺(o-chloroaniline,o-CA)、18-冠醚-6(18-crown-6)和钴氰酸为原料,在甲醇和水的混合溶液内通过蒸发法合成氰基合钴配合物氢键笼状超分子晶体材料(H)0.5(o-CAH)[Co(CN)6]0.5·(18-crown-6)0.5·H_2O (1)。并通过单晶X射线衍射、红外光谱、粉末X射线衍射、元素分析、热重分析(TG)和介电常数测试等对超分子晶体进行了结构及电性能表征。测试结果表明,该晶体在低温下属于三斜晶系,空间群为P1,晶胞参数为a=0.869 22(1) nm,b=0.964 09(12) nm,c=1.129 93(14) nm,α=77.894 0(10)°,β=78.877 0(10)°,γ=88.684 0(10)°。结构显示氰基合钴配合物、超分子阳离子和水分子通过氢键相互作用在空间内形成三维笼状。笼状顶点的钴原子随着温度的变化其间距发生明显的伸缩,导致晶体在260 K附近观察到明显的介电异常现象。     

咪唑-氰基合铁(Ⅲ)氢键型超分子晶体的合成、相变及介电性质

通过溶剂蒸发法,咪唑、18-冠醚-6和铁氰酸在甲醇溶液内反应,获得了氰基合铁配合物氢键型笼状超分子晶体材料(C3H5N2)3[Fe(CN)6]·2(18-crown-6)·2H2O(1)。通过变温X射线单晶衍射、红外光谱、元素分析、热重分析(TG)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和变温-介电常数测试等对该晶体进行了结构、热能及电性能分析。该晶体的空间群为P21/c,属于单斜晶系,结构显示氰基合铁阳离子、水分子和咪唑阳离子在空间内通过氢键的相互作用形成以铁原子为顶点的三维笼状结构。温度变化触发笼状结构突变,同时引起[Fe(CN)6]3-框架内超分子发生动态摆动,从而引起晶体结构发生相变,该结构相变温度区间伴随介电物理特性阶梯状变化,从220到280 K,介电常数由38变为43,且可逆。温度在270 K之后的介电突然跃升是水汽影响导致。     

一种电荷转移晶体的磁和介电弛豫性质

在外加电场下,利用分子的旋转和取向运动是组装分子介电马达以及弛豫型分子介电体的一个主要策略。在本论文中,我们制备并表征了一个新的电荷转移晶体[C₁₀-DMPy][Ni(mnt)₂](1)(C₁₀-DMPy⁺=1-decanel-N, N-dimethylpyridinium, mnt^2-=马来二氰基二硫烯)。在一定的频率范围内,该化合物展现了介电弛豫行为,我们将此归于平衡阳离子的动力学位置取向和阴、阳离子间的电荷转移。该化合物的介电弛豫过程遵循Cole-Cole方程,偏离理想的Debye模型。单晶X-射线衍射表明该化合物的阴、阳离子分别独立堆积成柱状,柔性的有机阳离子与刚性的磁性阴离子构筑块间存在电荷协助氢键作用。此外,该化合物的磁行为展现为弱的铁磁耦合作用。     

新颖大环冠醚基超分子化合物的晶体结构和介电性质

利用4-硝基苯胺和18-冠醚-6通过N-H┉O氢键的相互作用形成超分子阳离子,与六氟磷酸阴离子通过分子自组装制备新型晶体材料(4-nitroanilinium)_2(18-crown-6)_2(PF_6)_2(1)。通过红外光谱(IR)、热重分析(TG)、示差扫描量热分析(DSC)和X-射线单晶衍射方法对该化合物进行表征。在化合物1中,无序型六氟磷酸根填充在超分子阳离子的空隙间形成包合物结构。DSC测试结果表明,化合物1在240 K附近出现可逆的晶体结构相变,变温介电常数显示化合物在230~250 K范围内产生明显的阶梯状介电异常现象,其中4-硝基苯胺的无序转动及氢键偶极瞬间变化使得化合物在低频500 Hz和250K以上具有较高的介电常数。     

链状氢键型冠醚超分子化合物的合成、结构及介电性质

以18-冠醚-6为主体,4-溴苯胺为客体,无机酸为电荷抗衡体,在丙酮溶剂中,通过蒸发法制备了一种新型超分子晶体材料(4-BrC₆H₄NH₃)⁺(18-crown-6)(ClO₄)^-(1),并采用红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振氢谱(¹HNMR)、X-射线单晶衍射、X-射线粉末衍射(XRD)、热重(TG)、介电等多种方式对晶体材料进行表征。结果显示,两种温度下化合物1均为正交晶系,空间群为Pnma,其中4-溴苯胺阳离子-NH₃⁺基团均发生转动产生结构无序。相邻4-溴苯胺阳离子通过氢键N-H…O、N-H…Br相互作用,穿过18-冠醚-6分子中心,在a轴方向上形成一维链状结构。随着温度的升高,氢键N-H…Br的长度也随之增加。温度改变引起4-溴苯胺分子发生动态摆动,导致晶体结构在a轴、c轴方向增长。介电测试结果表明化合物在251 K附近发生明显的阶梯状介电异常。     

含农药配体的铜配合物的合成与介电性质

The hydrothermal treatment of 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol (CDTO) with Cu(OAc)₂·4H₂O in the presence of methanol as solvent offers a molecular coordination compound [Cu(CDTO)₂(OAc)₂] (1), whose dielectric physical properties has been investigated. Crystal data for 1: Triclinic, P1, a=0.859 06(10) nm, b=1.053 11(13) nm, c=1.202 96(14) nm. α=111.540(2)°, β=108.899(2)°, γ=196.249(3)°. V=0.925 09(19) nm³, Z=1, 3 579 unique data (θ_max=25.99°), R=0.053 9 (2 888 [I≥2σ(I)] reflections), wR=0.154 1 (all data), ρ_max=0.55 e·nm^-3. CCDC: 605591.     

镉基杂化晶体的介电相变和蓝白光致发光双重特性

通过采用容易无序的胺,我们合成了2种有机无机杂化晶体,分别为基于bempy （bempy=1-甲基-1-溴乙基吡咯烷阳离子）的溴盐化合物（bempy） Br （1）和镉基溴化物（bempy）₂CdBr₄（2）,并对其结构相变、介电相变和蓝白荧光进行了详细的表征分析。化合物1在测试温度范围内未观察到可逆相变,化合物2为高温介电相变,介电和差示扫描量热法测试表征其相变温度为357 K。同时,化合物1和2均具备蓝白光致发光特性,荧光测试表明,化合物1和2分别在538 nm和547、750 nm处存在发射峰。化合物2具备介电相变和蓝白光致发光的双重特性。     

Anderson型多酸基无机一有机杂化化合物的合成及催化氧化性质研究

合成了一种新的基于Anderson结构镍钼酸盐的无机-有机杂化化合物(C3 H7 NO2)2[(H2O)5 (C3 H7 NO2) Ni]2[NiMo6 H6 O24]·2H2O(C3 H7 NO2=β-丙氨酸),通过单晶X射线衍射方法确定了其晶体结构,结构分析表明,该化合物结晶于单斜空间群P21/C,晶胞参数a=1.847 25(13) nm,b=1.059 32(7) nm,c=1.224 77(7) nm,β=104.177(6)°.并对该化合物进行了红外、紫外可见和热重测试,该化合物在苯甲硫醚的催化氧化反应中作为多相催化剂,表现出好的催化活性.     

Synthesis of chalcone‐containing methacrylate‐based hydrogen bonded side chain liquid crystalline polymer and its dielectric properties

In this work, a new methacrylate‐based hydrogen bonded side chain liquid crystalline polymer having chalcone moieties (HBCP) was prepared from poly(4‐(3‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)acryloyl) phenyl methacrylate) and 11‐(4‐cyanobiphenyl‐4(‐oxy) undekan‐1‐ol (LC11)) by molecular self‐assembly processes via hydrogen bond formation between nitrogen of the HBCP and hydroxyl group of the LC11. The formation of H bond was confirmed by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The phase transition temperatures and liquid crystalline phases of the HBCP were examined by DSC and POM measurements. The dielectric properties of HBCP have been determined by impedance analyzer within the frequency interval of 100 Hz–15 MHz. According to Cole–Cole plot, the equivalent circuit of the LC system has been found as a capacitor in parallel with a resistor. The resonance frequency, f_r, of the R–C circuit has also been calculated as 1.59 MHz by phase angle versus frequency curve. The dielectric relaxation type of HBCP has been determined as nearly‐Debye type because the absorption coefficient, α, equals to 0.01655. From the conductivity point of view, HBCP displays dc conductivity at the low and high frequency regions that correspond to 100 Hz–12 kHz and 3.3 MHz–15 MHz, respectively. On the other hand, it has been revealed that the ac conductivity of the LC system investigated obeys Super Linear Power Law (SLPL) at the intermediate frequency domain. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis and properties of liquid crystalline polyurethanes

1,4-Bis(p-hydroxybenzoate)phenylene was prepared using 1,4-bis(trimethylsiloxy)benzene and p-hydroxybenzoyl chloride as starting materials. A series of novel 1,4-bis(p-hydroxyalkoxybenzoate)phenylene were synthesized by reaction of 1,4-bis(p-hydroxybenzoate) phenylene with 3-brompropanol and 4-bromobutanol, respectively. The liquid crystal polyurethanes were prepared by 1,4-bis(p-hydroxyalkoxybenzoate)phenylene with MDI (p-methylene diphenylenediisocyanate) and 2,4-TDI(2,4-toluenediisocyanate), respectively. The thermotropic properties, the melting point (T _m) and the isotropization temperature (T _i) of the synthesized polyurethanes were characterized by DSC, IR and POM. It showed that all of the polyurethane polymers exhibited thermotropic liquid crystalline properties between 144°C and 260°C. The transition temperature (T _m and T _i) decreased with an increase in the length of the methylene spacer. __________ Translated from Journal of Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 2006, 27(1) (in Chinese)     

Dipolar relaxations in the glass transition region and in the liquid crystalline phase of two side-chain liquid crystalline polysiloxanes

The molecular relaxation mechanisms in the glass transition region and in the liquid crystalline phase exhibited by two side-chain liquid crystalline polysiloxanes have been studied by Thermally Stimulated Discharge Currents. These results were compared with those previously obtained by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. It was observed that two relaxation mechanisms were present in the liquid crystalline phase, and we suggest that these might correspond to the motions of the mesogenic moieties in the liquid crystalline phase. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Reversible phase transition of the 1:1 complex between 18-crown-6 and n-propylammonium triiodide

Solid-state structure of the crystalline 1:1 complex [C 3 H 10 N(18-crown-6)] + [I 3 ](1) between 18-crown-6 and n-propylammonium triiodide has been determined at 293 and 93 K,respectively,showing a change from monoclinic P2 1 /m to monoclinic P2 1 /a.Crystal structural analysis shows that in addition to van der Waals’ forces,conventional N-H···O hydrogen bonds are the key interactions.Measurements of unit cell parameters versus temperature show that the values of one of the three axes and the crystal volume change abruptly and remarkably at 220 K,indicating a first-order phase transition.The lack of the mirror plane in the low temperature structure is the most important differences between the two structural forms.Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) measurement confirms that 1 undergoes a reversible phase transition at about 220 K with a thermal hysteresis of 3.5 K.The relatively large latent heat makes 1 a good candidate for phase change materials.The phase transition is accompanied by an anomaly of dielectric constant during heating and cooling process near the phase transition temperature.     

Hysteresis in the β–α phase transition in silver iodide

The nature of the β to α phase transition in silver iodide was investigated by conventional and modulated temperature DSC and dielectric property measurements. On cooling, the high temperature phase remained stable 2.5°C below its normal transition temperature even at a very slow cooling rate 0.2°C h^–1. Dielectric property measurements under conventional and microwave heating suggested an anomalous effect of the latter on the β to α phase transition in this material.     

Modelling of the phase transition of nanoscale confined liquid crystal

By dividing the bulk melting entropy, a simple thermodynamic model without any adjustable parameter for the size-dependent melting transition temperature has been extended to interpret the melting and freezing transitions of liquid crystals (LCs) confined in nanopores. The results show that as the size of the nanopore decreases, the melting, clearing and freezing transition temperatures of LCs drop. The transition temperatures directly depend on the density of hydrogen bond at the interface between inner pore wall and LC molecules. The model predictions agree well with the corresponding experimental results of LCs p-azoxyanisole and 4-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl confined in nanopores.     

Temperature-induced phase transition of poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-acrylamide)

Copolymers of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and acrylamide (AAm) were prepared to demonstrate a temperature-induced phase transition. Poly DMAEMA has a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) around 50°C in water. With copolymerization of DMAEMA with AAm, the LCST shifts to the lower temperature was observed, probably due to the formation of hydrogen bonds between amide and N,N-dimethylamino groups. FT-IR studies clearly show the formation of hydrogen bonds which protect N,N-dimethylamino groups from exposure to water and result in a hydrophobic contribution to the LCST. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys, 35: 595–598, 1997     

Thermal and dielectric properties of oriented liquid crystalline polysiloxane doped with azo‐dye

Investigations of dielectric relaxation and thermal properties of mixtures composed of liquid crystalline side‐chain polysiloxane and low molecular mass azo‐dye have been carried out. The dyes have been chosen to solublize well in the polymer matrix at concentrations up to 0.08 mol fraction. The dielectric relaxation experiments have shown the presence of separate processes attributed to reorientational motions of mesogenic side groups and dye molecules. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 37: 369–377, 1999     

Reaction of early transition metal complexes with macrocycles. II. Synthesis and structure of TiCl3(H2O) · 18-crown-6, a compound with a unique bidentate bonding mode for the 18-crown-6 molecule

18-crown-6 reacts with TiCl₃ in CH₂Cl₂ to form a complex in which the crown ether functions as a tridentate ligand. Addition of moist hexane affords a molecular complex in which the crown ether functions as a bidentate ligand. A water molecule is bonded directly to the titanium atom and is further hydrogen bonded to three of the oxygen atoms of the crown. The deep blue crystals of the CH₂Cl₂ adduct belong to the monoclinic space groupP2₁/n witha=13.481(8),b=8.021(5),c=21.425(9) Å, =97.32(5)°, and _calc = 1.51 g cm^–3 forZ=4. Refinement led to a conventionalR value of 0.040 based on 873 observed reflections. The Ti–O bond distances for the crown oxygen atoms are 2.123(8) and 2.154(9) Å, while the oxygen atom of the water molecule is bonded at 2.072(8) Å. The octahedral coordination sphere of the titanium atom is completed by the three chlorine atoms at distances of 2.340(5), 2.352(4), and 2.373(4) Å. Supplementary Data relating to this article are deposited with the British Library as Supplementary Publication No. SUP 82034 (10 pages).