Influences of Triton X-100 on Hemoglobin Behaviors in Hemoglobin/Acyclovir/Triton X-100/H2O System

The influences of Triton X-100 on hemoglobin （Hb） behaviors were studied by the methods of UV-Vis spectrum, fluorescence spectrum, HPLC, conductivity, zeta potential and negative-staining transmission electron microscope in Hb/acyclovir/Triton X-100/H2O system. With the increase of Triton X-100 concentration in the system, the percentage of the free acyclovir increased from 58%--63% to 90%--94%. The static quenching constant and the association number of acyclovir to Hb decreased. The fluorescence spectrum, conductivity, zeta potential, fluorescence polarization and negative-staining morphology of Hb tended to recover to those of the original state of Hb in the same concentration of Hb. The interaction between Triton X-100 and Hb is stronger than that between acyclovir and Hb. Most Triton-X-100 was associated with Hb at low Triton X-100 concentration. But the interaction of Triton X-100 with Hb was apparently dominant in high Triton X-100 concentration. The Hb structure was unfolded and finally denatured.     

Inhibition of Triton X-100／n-C5H11OH／H2O System on Hydrolysis of Cephanone

The hydrolysis of cephanone in Triton X-100 micelle and Triton X-100/n-C5H11OH/H2O(O/W) microemulsion were studied by means of UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy. The results show that compared with water, Triton X-100 micelle and Triton X-100/n-C5H11OH/H2O (O/W) microemulsion can inhibit the hydrolysis of cephanone. The inhibition effects of Triton X-100 micelle and Triton X-100/n-C5H11OH/H2O (O/W) microemulsion on the hydrolysis of cephanone are related to the location of cephanone in the interphases of Triton X-100 miceUes and Triton X-100/n-C5H11OH/H2O(O/W) microemulsion droplets.     

Effects of Triton X-100 on Properties of Hemoglobin and Controlled Release of Drug in Hemoglobin/Ribavirin/H2O System

Effects of Triton X-100 on the properties of hemoglobin (Hb) and on the controlled release of ribavirin were studied using the methods of UV-Vis spectrum, fluorescence spectrum, zeta potential, conductivity, high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC), and image morphology in Hb/ribavirin/H₂O system. With the increase of concentration of Triton X-100 in the system, the intrinsic fluorescence intensity, synchronous fluorescence intensity, fluorescence polarization, zeta potential, and morphology of Hb all changed gradually, and the ribavirin located on the Hb surface was dissociated and released out. When the concentration of Triton X-100 was higher than 1×10⁻⁵ mol·L⁻¹, the stronger interaction of Triton X-100 with Hb was predominant. Hb was unfolded and denaturized. A little Triton X-100 can protect Hb from the effects of ribavirin.     

The photoisomerization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">trans</Emphasis>-stilbene in Triton X-100/<Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-C<Subscript>5</Subscript>H<Subscript>11</Subscript>OH/H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O microemulsions

Different from organic solvent, self-assemblies are environment friendly media, and moreover, if they are used as micro-reactor, many meaningful and exciting results may be obtained. In this paper, we investigated the photoisomerization of trans-stilbene in Triton X-100/n-C₅H₁₁OH/H₂O microemulsions (a kind of self-assemblies) with different compositions and structures to establish the relationship between the reaction yields and the compositions and structures of microemulsions. The results show that the yield of cis-stilbene is increased with the increase of water content or with the decrease of Triton X-100 content, and oil in water (O/W) structure is the best structure for this reaction, which makes it possible to decrease the pollution of environment by organic solvent always used in organic reactions.     

Oxygen effect in the radiolysis of Triton X-100 aqueous solution

Experiments with Triton X-100 as a model surfactant were performed under steadystate conditions, using deoxygenated solutions as well as those saturated with N₂O, O₂ or N₂O/O₂ mixtures. The Triton X-100 decomposition yield was dependent on the O₂ content of the irradiated system. Oxygen promoted surfactant decomposition in aqueous solution containing only Triton X-100.     

Triton X-100对血红蛋白/利巴韦林/H2O体系中血红蛋白性质和药物释放的影响

通过紫外光谱、荧光光谱、zeta电位、电导率、高效液相色谱和影像分析等方法研究了Triton X-100对血红蛋白/利巴韦林/H2O体系中血红蛋白性质和药物控制释放的影响. 研究结果表明, 随着Triton X-100浓度的增大, 荧光强度、荧光偏振、zeta电位和蛋白的形貌均发生较大的变化, Triton X-100能使增溶定位在蛋白表面中的利巴韦林逐渐游离出来. 当Triton X-100浓度大于1×10^-5 mol·L-1 时, Triton X-100 与血红蛋白的作用占主导地位, 血红蛋白开始明显变性. 少量Triton X-100能保护蛋白免受药物的影响.     

The release of cephanone in CTAB/n-C5H11OH/H2O system

Controlled release of cephanone from hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) micelles and CTAB/n-C₅H₁₁OH/H₂O microemulsions was studied. The results showed that the release rate of cephanone was reduced in CTAB micelles and CTAB/n-C₅H₁₁OH/H₂O microemulsions, because of the solubilization of cephanone in micelles and microemulsions. The release of cephanone from CTAB micelles and CTAB/n-C₅H₁₁OH/H₂O microemulsions was characterized by Fickian diffusion and non-Fickian diffusion.     

Study on a novel oil-in-water-type microemulsion system of water/Triton X-100/Tween80/n-hexyl alcohol/n-octane

A novel oil-in-water-type microemulsion system (water/Triton X-100/Tween80/n-hexyl alcohol/n-octane) has been studied. The results of investigations of the mechanism of formation of this system have indicated that the mixture of Triton X-100, Tween80 and n-hexyl alcohol acts as a surface layer. Further studies have shown that by controlling the n-octane content of this system, it is possible to change its cloud point. Furthermore, variation of the environmental temperature has been shown to affect the maximum n-octane content of this system, the maximum n-octane content increases with increasing environmental temperature.     

Catalyzed oxidation of 2,6-dimethylphenol in Triton X- 100 micellar solution

The oxidative coupling reaction of 2,6-dimethylphenol with H2O2 catalyzed by a copper(Ⅱ) Schiff complex in aqueous and Triton X-100 micellar solution under mild conditions was investigated. The kinetics of formation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethyl-4,4′-diphenoquinone (DPQ) was studied. Rate constant k2 were obtained. The optimum pH for DPQ generation reaction is 7.25. The main product was DPQ in aqueous buffer solution, but PPE and the oxidized products of PPE remained in Triton X-100 micellar solution.     

Triton X-100/C10H21OH/H2O体系微乳液与溶致液晶

关于离子型表面活性剂生成的微乳液与溶致液晶已有不少研究，非离子型表面活性剂生成的微乳液与港致液晶的应用正在引起人们的重视，但由于药物提纯的困难，对其物理化学性质的研究还不多见．本文以非离子表面活性剂TritonX－100／C10H21OH／H2O体系为例，研究了非离子型表面活性剂微乳液和溶致液晶的生成及其结构特性．1实验部分试剂ThitonX－100（Aldrich公司，分析纯）正癸醇（分析纯）、水为一次蒸馏水微乳液区域和层状液晶区域的确定方法及小角x射线衍射测定方法同文献，实验温度20±0．1℃．2结果与讨论2·IThtonX－100、CIOH…     

Assembly properties of Triton X-100/phosphatidylcholine aggregates during liposome solubilization

The assembly properties of the nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 and phosphatidylcholine (PC) aggregates during the overall solubilization process of PC liposome were investigated. Permeability alterations were detected as a change in 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein (CF) released from the interior of vesicles and bilayer solubilization as a decrease in the static light scattered by liposome suspensions. A direct dependence was established between the bilayer/aqueous phase surfactant partition coefficients (K), the growth of vesicles and the leakage of entrapped CF in the initial interaction steps (surfactant to phospholipid molar ratioRe up to 0.2). These changes may be related to the increasing presence of surfactant molecules in the outer monolayer of vesicles. In theRe range 0.2–0.35 the coexistence of a low vesicle growth with a constant increase of CF release may be correlated with the decrease inK (increased rate of flip-flop of surfactant molecules). Furthermore, in theRe range between 0.64 and 2.0 (lytic levels) almost a linear dependence was detected between the composition of these aggregates (Re) and the decrease in both the surfactant-PC aggregate size and the static light scattered by the system. This dependence was not observed in the last solubilization steps (Re range 2.0–2.60) possibly due to the increased formation of mixed micelles in this interval. The fact that the free Triton X-100 concentration at sublytic and lytic levels showed respectively lower and similar values than its critical micelle concentration confirms that permeability alterations and solubilization were determined respectively by the action of surfactant monomer and by the formation of mixed micelles.Abbreviations PC phosphatidylcholine - PIPES piperazine-1,4 bis(2-ethanesulphonic acid) - T_X-100 Triton X-100 - CF 5(6)-carboxyflucrescein - Re enective surfactant/lipid molar ratio - Re _SAT effective surfactant/lipid molar ratio for bilayer saturation - Re _SOL enective surfactant/lipid molar ratio for bilayer solubilization - S _W surfanctant concentration in the aqueous medium - S _B surfactant concentration in the bilayers - S _T total surfactant concentration - K bilayer/aqueous phase surfactant partition coefficient - K _SAT bilayer/aqneous phase surfactant partition coefficient for bilayer saturation - K _SOL bilayer/aqueous phase surfactant partition coefficient for bilayer solubilization - PL phospholipid - TLC-FID thinlayer chromatography/flame ionization detection system - PI polydispersity index - CMC critical micellar concentration - r ² regression coefficient     

An FT-IR study of sarcoplasmic reticulum solubilization by triton X-100

Low concentrations of the non-ionic detergent Triton X-100 increase the activity of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca⁺⁺-ATPase without major changes in protein conformation, according to FT-IR spectroscopy in H₂O and D₂O. At higher surfactant concentrations the enzyme activity is inhibited, while changes in protein conformation are seen: The proportion of unordered structure increases at the expenses of-turns and parallel-sheet.     

Triton X-100体系层状液晶结构及其润滑性能

用小角Ｘ射线衍射和＾２ＨＮＭＲ方法测定ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００／ｎ－Ｃ１０Ｈ２１ＯＨ／Ｈ２Ｏ体系层状液晶的结构。用高速环块磨损试验机考察了不同组分含量的层状液晶对铝合金－钢磨擦副润滑性能的影响。结果表明：随着水含量的增加,层次液晶两新双层中分子的有序度降低,润滑效果也降低;随着ＴｒｉｔｏｎＸ－１００含量增加,层状液晶两亲双层中分子的有序度增加,其润滑效果提高。     

Diffusion Coefficients and Structure Properties of Triton X-100/ n-C6H13OH/H2O System

Abstract

The diffusion coefficients of Triton X-100 micelles with different shape are determined by cyclic voltammetry without any probe. The first CMC (3.2 × 10^?4 mol-L^minus;1) and the second CMC (1.3 × 10^minus;3 mol-L^minus;1) of Triton X-100 micelles arc obtained, and the mechanism of electrochemical reaction for Triton X-100 is deduced, When n-hexanol is added, the diffusion coefficient of Triton X-100 micelles with different shape increases, but the solubilization fraction of n-hexanol decreases in spherical micelles and is almost constant in rodlike ones. However, the micropolarity of micelles decreases in both spherical and rodlike micelles. Furthermore, the diffusion coefficient of Triton X-100 micelles with different shape increases with temperature and the diffusion activation energy increases with n-hexanol content.     

Surface Property of Nonionic Surfactant Triton X-100 in an Ionic Liquid

A common nonionic surfactant Triton X-100 was dissolved in a commercial ionic liquid (IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (bmimBF₄). The surface tension of the bmimBF₄ solution was decreased with increasing the content of surfactant Triton X-100, a similar phenomenon with aqueous solution systems. Dynamic surface properties of Triton X-100 in bmimBF₄ were measured. It was found that pure IL solvents need rearrangement at the air-bmimBF₄ interface during the beginning stage of absorption. Moreover, the adsorption model was found to be in accord with the diffusion-controlled adsorption mechanism, and further, the dilute bmimBF₄ solutions are close to the diffusion-controlled adsorption.     

Hydrotrope and hydrotrope-solubilization action of cephanone in CTAB/<Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-C<Subscript>5</Subscript>H<Subscript>11</Subscript>OH/H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O system

Cephanone is found to show the hydrotrope and hydrotrope-solubilization action in CTAB/n-C₅H₁₁OH/H₂O system. Cephanone can increase the solubilities of cationic surfactant CTAB or n-C₅H₁₁OH in water and water in n-C₅H₁₁OH. It can also increase the solubilization amount of n-C₅H₁₁OH in O/W microemulsion and that of water in W/O microemulsion, which makes the two regions of O/W and W/O microemulsion larger, and even linked together. The mechanism of the hydrotrope-solubilization action of cephanone is related to the location of cephanone in the palisade of microemulsion which causes the stability of O/W and W/O microemulsion to be enhanced and that of lamellar liquid crystal to be reduced. Therefore, the mechanism of hydrotrope-solubilization is the structural transition from lamellar liquid crystal to the bicontinuous structure.     

In situ Synthesis and Lubrication of PbS Nanoparticles in Lamellar Liquid Crystal

The partial phase diagram of the Triton X-100/C₁₀H₂₁OH/H₂O system was determined. PbS nanoparticles were synthesized in solvent layer of Triton X-100/C₁₀H₂₁OH/H₂O lamellar liquid crystal. The size of PbS nanoparticles was about 8 nm and limited by the thickness of the solvent layer. Lubricities of the mixed system of Triton X-100/C₁₀H₂₁OH/H₂O lamellar liquid crystal and PbS nanoparticles were determined. The results showed that the lamellar liquid crystal and the mixed system showed higher load carrying capacity relative to the commercial grease. They are potential lubricants for Al alloy, especially at high load.     

Fluorescence Quenching of Anthracene by N,N-Diethylaniline and Phenothiazine in Triton X-100/n-C10H21OH/H2O Microemulsion

IntroductionDuring the last decade,microemulsions haveplayed important roles in the development of bio-logical,material,environmental and other relatedfields[1— 4] .Although photo- induced electron trans-fer processes are of considerable interest in biologyand chemistry,up to now,most of the studies ofthe photo- induced electron transfer in micelle andinverse micelle have been limited to one- or two-component water/surfactant systems[5] .As theirextensions to microemulsion,only a very limited…     

Hydrotrope and hydrotrope-solubilization action of penicillin-K in CTAB/n-C5H11OH/H2O system

Penicillin potassium salt (penicillin-K) is found to show hydrotrope action, which can increase the solubility of cationic surfactant CTAB in water. Penicillin-K also shows hydrotrope-solubilization action, which makes the W/O and O/W microemulsion more stable and increases the solubilized amount of n-C₅H₁₁OH in O/W microemulsion and that of water in W/O microemulsion for CTAB/n-C₅H₁₁OH/H₂O system. However, in this system, the presence of penicillin-K can decrease the stability of the lamellar liquid crystal phase due to its structure change to bicontinuous, which are proved by the mechanism of its hydrotrope-solubilization action.     

A Photochemical Study of Uranyl Ion Interaction with the Triton X-100 Micellar System

This is a report on the spectroscopic characteristics of UO²⁺₂in the excited state in Triton X-100 micellar medium. It also indicates some important results of viscosity and surface tension measurements of the system which have direct relevance to the spectroscopic investigation in the excited state. The quenching of the UO²⁺₂fluorescence due to Triton X-100, upon micellization in the aqueous medium, reveals two kinds of microenvironments of the fluorophore from the Stern–Volmer plot. This has been verified by flash photolytic measurements. A blue shift of the quenched emission spectrum is ascribed to the collisional encounter of UO²⁺₂with the head groups of Triton X-100.