O-炔丙基-N,N-二(2-氯乙基)-4-氨基苯酚的合成

以对氨基苯酚（1）为原料,经氨基的羟乙基化、酚羟基的苄基保护、氯代、脱保护制得N,N-二 (2-氯乙基) -对氨基苯酚（5）;在碳酸铯作用下,5与溴丙炔经O-烷基化反应合成了新化合物--O-炔丙基-N, N-二(2-氯乙基)-4-氨基苯酚,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和MS表征。     

N-乙基咔唑甲酰化衍生物的合成

以咔唑为原料,经烷基化和甲酰化反应合成了3-甲酰基-N-乙基咔唑和3,6-二甲酰基-N-乙基咔唑,其结构经1H NMR, IR和MS表征.重点研究了反应条件对甲酰化反应的影响.研究结果表明,甲酰化反应的较适宜条件为: 1 10 mmol, n(DMF) : n(1)=10 : 1, 1,2-二氯乙烷(25 mL)为溶剂,回流反应8 h～48 h.通过选择适当的反应条件,可以提高产率以及控制单乙酰化和双乙酰化产物的选择性.     

脱去含氮芳香杂环中N-取代苄基的一种新方法

O₂环境下,N-取代苄基咔唑（或N-取代苄基吲哚）与叔丁醇钾反应可脱去苄基制得咔唑（或吲哚）,收率68%~94％或75%~89%,其结构经¹H NMR和¹³C NMR确证。     

相转移催化法合成反式-3,4,5-三甲氧基-4''''-硝基二苯乙烯

以3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲醛和对硝基甲苯为原料,利用相转移催化法经缩合脱水合成了反式-3,4,5-三甲氧基-4'-硝基二苯乙烯.其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR和元素分析确定.以苄基三乙基氯化铵为相转移催化剂时,在室温下反应12 h,产率89%.     

新型咔唑取代乙炔化合物的合成

分别以咔唑和2-羟基咔唑为原料,通过Sonagashira偶联反应和N-烷基化反应合成了6个新型的咔唑取代乙炔化合物:2-乙炔基-9-苄基咔唑,2-乙炔基-9-正丁基咔唑,2-乙炔基-9-正己基咔唑,3-乙炔基-9-苄基咔唑,3-乙炔基-9-正丁基咔唑和3-乙炔基-9-{4·[4·(硝基)苯基偶氮苯]氧}亚丁基咔唑,其...     

水中取代水杨醛和氰乙酸酯的反应研究

以水杨醛和氰乙酸酯为原料, 以水为溶剂, 以三乙基苄基氯化铵为催化剂在不同的反应温度下合成了两个系列的色烯衍生物, 该方法具有反应条件温和、立体选择性好、产率高等优点.     

相转移催化法合成反式-3，4，5-三甲氧基-4′-硝基二苯乙烯

以3,4,5-三甲氧基苯甲醛和对硝基甲苯为原料,利用相转移催化法经缩合脱水合成了反式-3,4,5-三甲氧基-4′-硝基二苯乙烯。其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR和元素分析确定。以苄基三乙基氯化铵为相转移催化剂时,在室温下反应12 h,产率89%。     

水溶剂中取代肉桂腈与β-萘酚的反应

以水作溶剂在三乙基苄基氯化铵（TEBA）存在下，取代肉桂腈与β-萘酚发生 加成缩合反应，通过简单的抽滤即可得到萘并吡喃衍生物，与其他的方法相比该方 法具有产率高、价廉、环境友好等优点。     

二乙基膦酰乙酸乙酯阴离子参与脂肪族SRN1反应

二乙基膦酰乙酸乙酯阴离子与对硝基苄基衍生物的反应中发生烷基化和烷氧基化.结果表明,离去基团的离去性能降低,SN2烷基化或烷氧基化受抑制,而是有利于SRN 1途径,使烷基化容易发生.在对硝基苄基氯化物与阴离子反应时,得到P,P'-二硝基苯代乙烯,当不存在电子转移抑制剂或只存在间二硝基苯时,二苯代乙烯通过SRN 1机理形成,在对二硝基苯时,以SN 2消除反应机理.     

聚二烯丙基乙基苄基氯化铵的合成及溶液性质

在少量水存在下,将二烯丙基乙基胺(DAEA)与氯化苄直接反应合成单体二烯丙基乙基苄基氯化铵(DAEABC).以2,2'-偶氮(2-甲基丙基脒)二盐酸盐为引发剂,采用水溶液聚合,合成了聚二烯丙基乙基苄基氯化铵(PDAEABC).采用FT-IR、1H-NMR和元素分析对PDAEABC的结构进行表征,并考察了其在氯化钠、氯化...     

Double C-H functionalization in sequential order: direct synthesis of polycyclic compounds by a palladium-catalyzed C-H alkenylation-arylation cascade

Palladium-catalyzed cascade C-H alkenylation and arylation provides convenient access to polycyclic aromatic compounds. Treatment of 3-bromoaniline derivatives bearing a bromocinnamyl group on the nitrogen atom with a catalytic amount of [Pd(OAc)(2)] and PCy(3)·HBF(4) in the presence of Cs(2)CO(3) in dioxane affords naphthalene-fused indole derivatives in good yields. This double cyclization reaction is also applicable to heterocyclic substrates, giving fused indoles containing a heteroaromatic ring such as dibenzofuran, dibenzothiophene, carbazole, indole, or benzofuran through heterocyclic C-H arylation. When using a 2,6-unsubstituted aniline derivative, the first C-H arylation preferentially proceeds at the more hindered position of the aniline ring.     

Chemoselectivity in the microwave-assisted solvent-free solid-liquid phase benzylation of phenols: O- versus C-alkylation

The outcome of the solvent-free benzylation of phenol and 4-substituted phenols (such as 4-cresol and 4-chlorophenol) under MW irradiation was found to depend on the absence or presence of the base (K₂CO₃) and catalyst (triethylbenzylammonium chloride (TEBAC)). Reaction of benzyl halides at 80-120 °C in the presence of K₂CO₃ and TEBAC resulted in O-alkylation in high (89-96%) chemoselectivities. In the absence of TEBAC, the proportion of C-alkylation was considerable (16-34%). Omitting also K₂CO₃ from the reaction mixture, C-alkylation became predominant. In the case of 4-tert-butylphenol, the presence of TEBAC promoted C-alkylation. The selectivity of the alkylations can be fine-tuned by choosing the appropriate conditions.     

CO_2和丙三醇直接合成碳酸甘油酯的新方法

报道了一种以CO_2和丙三醇为原料,Cs_2CO_3为碱,DMF为溶剂,bmimBF_4为增溶剂,直接合成碳酸甘油酯(GC)的新方法。在最优反应条件[丙三醇5 mmol,Cs_2CO_310 mmol,CH_2Cl_25 m L,bmimBF_41 m L,DMF 5 m L,P(CO_2)1 MPa,于100℃反应24 h]下,GC收率76%,其结构经1H NMR和ESI-MS确证。在最优条件下进行50倍放大实验,GC收率72%。     

相转移催化合成2-苯基喹啉衍生物

以喹啉(1)和取代苯肼(2a~2d)为原料,K₂S₂O₈为引发剂,TBAB为相转移催化剂,乙腈为溶剂,经自由基反应合成了4个2-苯基喹啉化合物（3a~3d, 3d为新化合物）,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和HR-ESI-MS表征。以3a的合成为模板反应,研究了引发剂,溶剂和反应温度对3收率的影响。结果表明：在最佳反应条件(1 1.0 mmol, 2 1.2 eq., K₂S₂O₈ 2.0 eq., TBAB 0.2 eq.,于室温反应4 h)下,3a~3d收率54%~72%。     

Theoretical studies on molecular and structures of mono- and binuclear chromium carbazole derivatives for optoelectronics

Studies on the molecular geometries, electronic properties and second-order nonlinearities of a series of mono- and binuclear chromium carbazole complexes: (N-vinylcarbazole)Cr(CO)(3) (M1), (N-vinylcarbazole)Cr(CO)(2)PPh(3) (M2), (CO)(3)Cr(N-vinylcarbazole)Cr(CO)(3) (B1), and (CO)(3)Cr(N-vinylcarbazole)Cr(CO)(2)PPh(3) (B2) were carried out, using the density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP//LanL2DZ/6-31G(d) level. The experimental singlet metal-to-ligand charge transfer ((1)MLCT) spectra of these complexes can also be well simulated and discussed by the time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) at the B3LYP//LanL2DZ/6-311+G(d) level associated with the polarizable continuum model (PCM). The computational results show that an unusual characteristic of chromium carbazole structures is explained in terms of interaction between frontier molecular orbitals of the metal and its ligands. The highest occupied molecular orbitals (HOMOs) of these complexes are composed of a set of distorted degenerated Cr 3d orbitals, whereas the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) are predominantly the N-vinylcarbazole ligand π* orbitals. The HOMO-LUMO energy gaps decrease in the order NVC > M1 > B1 > M2 > B2. The considerable coupling between the carbazole and (CO)(3) in M1 creates an asymmetric environment about the chromium atom, leading to modest second-order responses. The PPh(3) ligand is acting as a donor which increases the donating strength of the d(π) orbitals in chromium carbazole species, resulting in the large electronic asymmetry in M2. As for the binuclear chromium carbazole chromophores, a wide-range (1)MLCT band and large oscillator strength are found, allowing for the electronic interactions between two metal centers which can be modified by altering the ligand bound to the metals to induce peculiar asymmetry. Essentially, Cr(CO)(3) acceptor and Cr(CO)(2)PPh(3) donor units in B2 make significant contribution to the charge-transfer process or NLO responses via conventional push-pull chromophoric architecture.     

Iridium-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation of alpha,beta-unsaturated and saturated carbonyl compounds with 2-propanol.

The selective transfer hydrogenation of alpha,beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds to saturated ones was achieved by the use of 2-propanol as a hydrogen donor under the influence of catalytic amounts of [Ir(cod)Cl](2), 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (dppp), and Cs(2)CO(3). Thus, a variety of conjugated enones were allowed to react with 2-propanol in the presence of the [Ir(cod)Cl](2)/dppp/Cs(2)CO(3) system to give the corresponding saturated carbonyl compounds in good to excellent yields without formation of allylic alcohols. Both dppp and Cs(2)CO(3) were essential components to achieve the reduction satisfactorily. Additionally, the reduction of carbonyl compounds to alcohols was also promoted by the same catalytic system. When the reaction of a 1:1 mixture of a conjugated ketone and a saturated ketone with 2-propanol was carried out in the presence of [Ir(cod)Cl](2) combined with dppp and Cs(2)CO(3), the reduction of the alpha,beta-unsaturated ketone was found to take place in preference to that of the saturated ketone.     

温和条件下金属双氮杂环卡宾配合物催化CO2直接转化为炔酸的高效均相羧化反应

近年来,催化CO2合成精细化学品的研究备受关注。本研究在温和条件下利用金属双氮杂环卡宾催化剂实现CO2与末端炔烃的直接羧化反应,并提出合理的催化机理。首先,合成制备了铜基、银基两种金属双氮杂环卡宾催化剂,实验证明银双氮杂环卡宾配合物具有较好催化活性。通过改变环境条件和底物种类,对反应条件及催化剂底物适应性进行了探究,利用核磁共振谱仪表征产物分子结构并计算直接羧化反应的催化产率。结果表明,适宜催化条件为:1.2eq Cs2CO3作为添加剂、1大气压、室温、无水溶剂和1(mmol)%催化剂用量。银基金属催化剂活性较铜基催化剂高并具有广泛的底物适应性,对苯乙炔的催化产率高达93%;对乙炔气体同样具有良好的催化活性。此类催化剂具有优良的催化活性,能催化合成丙炔酸等重要医药中间体,在工业应用上具有极大潜力和广阔前景。     

Synthesis and X-ray structure of the [{Fe3(CO)9(micro3-O)}2H]3- trianion: dimerization of a metal carbonyl cluster via formation of an exceptionally short hydrogen bond

The synthesis, structure and characterization of the [{Fe3(CO)9(micro3-O)}2H]3- trianion in its [Cs(THF)0.33]+ and [NEt4]+ salt are reported. The title dimeric cluster has been obtained by protonation in water or in organic solvent of the [Fe3(CO)9(micro3-O)]2- dianion to the hydroxo [Fe3(CO)9(micro3-OH)]- derivative and crystallization. The solid state structure of [Cs(THF)0.33]3[{Fe3(CO)9(micro3-O)}2H] is based on ionic packing of [Cs(THF)0.33]+ cations and [{Fe3(CO)9(micro3-O)}2H]3- trianions. The fractional formula is due to the particular packing of Cs+ cations, which are at the vertices of fused cuboctahedral and trigonal antiprismatic polyhedrons. Each cuboctahedron encapsulates a [{Fe3(CO)9(micro3-O)}2H]3- trianion, whereas each trigonal antiprism encapsulates a THF molecule. The possibility that the structure of the [{Fe3(CO)9(micro3-O)}2H]3- trianion could be affected by its confinement in the cuboctahedral cage of Cs+ ions and the heavy disorder of the THF molecule urged a further structural determination of the trianion with a completely different cation. The corresponding [NEt4]3[{Fe3(CO)9(micro3-O)}2H] salt has been, therefore, prepared and structurally characterized. The [{Fe3(CO)9(micro3-O)}2H]3- trianion displays an identical structure and almost coincident molecular parameters in both salts. Its most notable feature is represented by the unique hydrogen atom symmetrically bridging the micro3-O atoms of two different [Fe3(CO)9(micro3-O)]2- molecules and displaying one of shortest O...H...O interaction so far reported in organic, inorganic and organometallic literature. The structure of [Cs(THF)]2[Fe4(CO)13], which has been obtained as a by-product of the synthesis of [Cs(THF)0.33]3[{Fe3(CO)9(micro3-O)}2H], is also briefly reported.     

XRD,PDF, AND EXAFS STUDY OF THE PHASE COMPOSITION AND LOCAL STRUCTURE OF SUPPORTED RUTHENIUM-CESIUM CATALYSTS

Journal of Structural Chemistry - Supported catalysts Ru/MgO, Ru–Cs+/MgO, Ru/γ-Al2O3, and Ru–Cs+/γ-Al2O3 are prepared by the impregnation method using RuOHCl3 and Cs2CO3 as...     

The involvement of metal-to-CO charge transfer and ligand-field excited states in the spectroscopy and photochemistry of mixed-ligand metal carbonyls. A theoretical and spectroscopic study of [W(CO)(4)(1,2-ethylenediamine)] and [W(CO)(4)(N,N'-bis-alkyl-1,4-diazabutadiene)

A new interpretation of the electronic spectroscopy, photochemistry, and photophysics of group 6 metal cis-tetracarbonyls [M(CO)(4)L(2)] is proposed, that is based on an interplay between M --> L and M --> CO MLCT excited states. TD-DFT and resonance Raman spectroscopy show that the lowest allowed electronic transition of [W(CO)(4)(en)] (en = 1,2-ethylenediamine) has a W(CO(eq))(2) --> CO(ax) charge-transfer character, whereby the electron density is transferred from the equatorial W(CO(eq))(2) moiety to pi orbitals of the axial CO ligands, with a net decrease of electron density on the W atom. The lowest, emissive excited state of [W(CO)(4)(en)] was identified as a spin-triplet W(CO(eq))(2) --> CO(ax) CT excited state both computationally and by picosecond time-resolved IR spectroscopy. This state undergoes 1.5 ps vibrational relaxation/solvation and decays to the ground state with a approximately 160 ps lifetime. The nu(CO) wavenumbers and IR intensity pattern calculated by DFT for the triplet W(CO(eq))(2) --> CO(ax) CT excited state match well the experimental time-resolved spectrum. For [W(CO)(4)(R-DAB)] (R-DAB = N,N'-bis-alkyl-1,4-diazabutadiene), the W(CO(eq))(2) --> CO(ax) CT transition follows in energy the W --> DAB MLCT transition, and the emissive W(CO(eq))(2) --> CO(ax) CT triplet state occurs just above the manifold of triplet W --> DAB MLCT states. No LF electronic transitions were calculated to occur in a relevant energetic range for either complex. Molecular orbitals of both complexes are highly delocalized. The 5d(W) character is distributed over many molecular orbitals, while neither of them contains a predominant metal-ligand sigma 5d(W) component, contrary to predictions of the traditional ligand-field approach. The important spectroscopic, photochemical, and photophysical roles of M(CO(eq))(2) --> CO(ax) CT excited states and the limited validity of ligand field arguments can be generalized to other mixed-ligand carbonyl complexes.