"SⅡ-SⅠ=SⅢ-SⅡ=…=a"的导出、推广及其应用

1 公式的导出 某物体做初速度为v_0,加速度为a的匀变速直线运动,用s_1、s_2、s_3、…、s_n来表示物体有1、2、3、…、n秒内的位移;用s_Ⅰ、s_Ⅱ、s_Ⅲ、…、s_N来表示物体在第一、第二、第二、…、第N秒内的位移.由位移公式和题设知;     

Stark效应诱导的类氢离子2s_(1/2)-1s_(1/2)跃迁几率的理论研究

基于微扰理论研究了静电场Stark效应诱导的类氢离子2s_(1/2)-1s_(1/2)跃迁,给出了Z=1—92类氢离子的Stark混合系数和2s_(1/2)-1s_(1/2)跃迁几率,讨论了Stark效应诱导的类氢离子2s_(1/2)-1s_(1/2)跃迁几率随原子序数的变化规律以及相对论效应对Stark混合系数和诱导跃迁几率的影响.结果表明,给定电场强度时,类氢离子的Stark诱导跃迁几率随着原子序数Z的增大单调减小.另外,相对论效应使得类氢离子的Stark诱导跃迁几率减小,甚至在Z=92时会减小到非相对论近似的55%.     

用激光感生荧光技术研究Nels_2-2ρ反常光电流信号的机理

本文报道利用脉冲可调谐染料激光器在Ne HCD灯中测定Ne 1s_2-2p及1s_2-2p一高激发态跃迁的光电流信号的同时利用激光感生荧光技术测量Ne 2p-1s态的感生荧光信号,进一步研究Ne 1s_2-2p态反常脉冲光电流信号的机理。     

用气垫导轨测加速度的三种方法

测定加速度比较理想的仪器是气垫导轨。配合气垫导轨使用的计时器为HMJ型数字毫秒计时器,具有两种测时功能,原为Ⅰ型,现改为Ⅱ型。 数字毫秒计具有s_1、s_2两个功能挡,置于s_1挡时,对任一光电门,挡光即计时,露光即停止,数码管显示的是一次挡光时间;置于s_2挡时,对任一光电门第一次挡光即开始计时,第     

CAS压气机转子跨声速流场全三元解的分析及其与准三元解和双焦点激光测量值的比较

文献[1]对CAS跨声速压气机转子内部流场进行了s_1和s_2两类流面计算,得到了全三元迭代解。本文详细描绘、分析了文献[1]中s_1和s_2流面以及与之准正交的截面P_3上气流参量的变化规律及空间激波的形状和位置。将全三元解分别与准三元解和L2F测量值进行比较表明:两种解法的结果是相近的,理论计算与实验结果也是比较接近的。但全三元解比准三元解能更准确地反映三元效应。     

He—Ne激光器粒子数反转径向分布光谱测量

用二维光学多道分析仪考察了He-Ne激光器在632.8nm激光振动和不振荡时氖能级3s_2和2p_k(k=1,2,……8,10)的侧光辐射,进行了Abel反演后,得到了3s_2和2p_k各能级粒子数和3s_2和2p_k间粒子数反转的径向分布,研究了此分布勺放电电流、632.8nm激光辐射强度间的关系,推算了在放电管中心3s_2和2p_k能级间受激辐射的激光增益。     

Debye屏蔽对碳等离子体电荷态丰度分布的影响

基于组态相互作用方法,使用Debye模型研究了等离子体屏蔽效应对碳离子结构和不同电荷态离子丰度分布的影响.以类氦碳离子(C V)的1s_(1/2)~2→(1s_(1/2)ns_(1/2))_1(n=2,3,4,5)磁偶极(M1)跃迁为例,详细研究了Debye屏蔽因子对跃迁几率的影响.研究了离子丰度分布随屏蔽因子的变化,结果表明在相同的等离体温度和密度条件下,考虑了屏蔽效应的离子丰度分布整体向低电离度的离子偏移,平均电离度降低.     

2s_(1/2)—1d_(3/2)壳层原子核能谱的壳模型分析

本文对2s_(1/2)-1d_(3/2)壳层原子核(A=30—40)能谱作了系统分析,计算仅限于由2s_(1/2)和1d_(3/2)支壳层产生的情态,但考虑了它们之间的全部组态混合效应。计算是采用多粒子壳模型的Talmi方法,将二体矩阵元当作参数,其值由实验确定。文中详细分析了Si~(30),Si~(31),P~(30),P~(31),P~(32),S~(32),Ar~(37),Ar~(38),K~(38)等原子核能谱,理论与实验符合颇好。     

弗兰克-赫芝实验曲线的峰间距

弗兰克-赫芝实验的装置原理如图1所示,图2是实验记录汞蒸汽的I_A-U_(CK)曲线,测出的蜂间距为4.9V,那么汞的最低激发态能量是否是4.9eV呢? 一、汞的最低激发态能量是4.67eV 汞在第一激发态的电子组态是6s6p,由于两个电子的相互作用(LS耦合)可以形成不同的原子态。汞的两个价电子分别为s电子和p电子,则s_1=s_2=1/2。l_1=0,l_2=1。则合成的自旋总角动量量子数S=0,1。合成的轨道总角动量量子数L=0,1。这两个L值的原子态分别记作S和P态。然后自旋总角动量和轨道总角动量合成原子的     

类铍Ar^14＋和类镁Ar^6＋离子双激发态能级的计算

用相态相互作用方法计算了类铍Ａｒ＾１４＋离子双激发态１ｓ＾２３ｌ３ｌ＇和类镁Ａｒ＾６＋离子双激发态１ｓ＾２２ｓ＾２２ｐ＾６４ｌ４ｌ＇的能级。两个外层电子与内层原子实１ｓ＾２或１ｓ＾２２ｓ＾２２ｐ＾６电子的作用用模型势表不。Ａｒ＾１４＋的双激发态可用量子数Ｋ，Ｔ和Ａ标记，而Ａｒ＾６＋的某些组态却不能用上述量子数表示。     

弛豫与关联效应对NII离子2s22p3s3P1—2s22p21D2与2s22p3s1P1—2s22p23P0,1,2自旋禁戒跃迁概率的影响

用多组态Dirac-Fock方法，并系统考虑相对论效应、电子关联、弛豫效应等重要贡献，计算了NII离子2s22p3s 3P1—2s22p21D2和2s22p3s 1P1—2s22p23P0,1,2自旋禁戒跃迁概率和振子强度-通过比较计算证实：弛豫和关联效应对禁戒跃迁概率的影响非常大，考虑了这些效应后，计算结果有显著的改善-由跃迁概率和振子强度的计算值推断，2s22p3s 3P1—2s22p21D2的谱线强度应该比原有的理论预言值小- 关键词： 跃迁概率 多组态Dirac-Fock方法     

KDP和尿素晶体电子结构的第一性原理研究

基于第一性原理的平面波超软赝势法对KDP(KH₂PO₄)和尿素(CH₄N₂O)晶体的能带结构、电子态密度、电荷差分密度以及布局分析进行了计算讨论.结果表明:尿素晶体中的C1-O1、C1-N1、N1-H2和N1-H1键都具有共价键特性,带隙值为4.636 eV,价带顶主要由H-1s与N、O的2p态贡献,导带底主要是H-1s与C、N、O的2p态贡献;KDP晶体的H1-O1键具有离子性而P1-O1则具有共价性,带隙宽度为5.713 eV,价带顶主要由O-2p以及P-3p贡献,导带底主要由H-1s、P-3s和3p以及K-4s和3p态贡献.     

Application of coupled equation method on resonance processes of atomic lithium

The coupled equation method (CEM) has been applied to investigating the resonance structures for the ground state 1s22s 2S of the neutral lithium from the first threshold up to 64.5 eV. Resonance structures of atomic lithium due to single excitations of the 1s and 2s electrons are studied by infinite-order calculations in detail. The effect of spin-orbit splitting is also included for some of the low-lying 1s2snp(↑↓) resonance,and the influence of the interference between 1s2s 3Snp ↓ and 1s2s 1Snp ↑ states on the resonance structure has been confirmed theoretically. The results show that the presented technique can give the reasonable resonance structures very well in photoionization processes.     

Auger spectra from resonant transfer excitation of O VI

Auger spectra observed in the resonant transfer excitation of O VI by He targets are analyzed in terms of the e+O⁵⁺ resonant excitation cross section. Peak ratio for the ³D and ¹D states of the intermediate state configuration (1s2s2p²) is found to be 3 : 1, in rough agreement with the experimental data. In addition, Auger decay of resonance states generated by collisional excitation of O VI (1s2s², 1s2s2p, 1s2p²) is examined.     

CdSe/HgSe/CdSe量子点量子阱(QDQW)晶粒的光学性质和电子结构

以CdSe纳米晶体为核,用胶体化学的方法,通过化学替代反应,获得了不同阱层或不同垒层的CdSeHgSeCdSe量子点量子阱(QDQW)晶体.紫外可见光吸收谱研究表明,通过调节QDQW中间HgSe阱层的厚度从0.9nm至0,可以调节QDQW颗粒的带隙从1.8变化至2.1eV,实现QDQW纳米晶体的剪裁.光致荧光(PL)谱研究显示,QDQW形成后,CdSeHgSe纳米颗粒表面态得到钝化,显现出发光强度加强的带边荧光峰.利用有效质量近似模型,对QDQW晶粒内部电子的1s—1s态进行了估算,估算结果总体趋势与实验数据相符 关键词： 量子点量子阱晶体 能带剪裁 加强的带边荧光峰     

Study of ion desorption induced by a resonant core-level excitation of condensed H2O using Auger electron photo-ion coincidence (AEPICO) spectroscopy combined with synchrotron radiation

Ion desorption induced by a resonant excitation of O 1s of condensed amorphous H₂O has been studied by total ion and total electron yield spectroscopy, nonderivative Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and Auger electron photo-ion coincidence (AEPICO) spectroscopy. The spectrum of total ion yield divided by total electron yield exhibits a characteristic threshold peak at hν = 533.4 eV, which is assigned to the 4a₁ ← O 1s resonant transition. The AES at the 4a₁ ← O 1s resonance is interpreted as being composed of the spectator-AES of the surface H₂O, and the normal-AES of the bulk H₂O, where the 4a₁ electron is delocalized before Auger transitions. H⁺ is found to be the only ion species in AEPICO spectra measured at the 4a₁ ← O 1s resonance and at the O 1s ionization (hν = 560 eV). The electron kinetic energy dependence of the AEPICO yield (AEPICO yield spectrum) at the 4a₁ ← O 1s resonance is found to be greatly different from that at the O 1s ionization. The peak positions of the AEPICO yield spectrum at the 4a₁ ← O 1s resonance are found to correspond to those of the spectator-AES of the surface H₂O, which is extracted from the AES at the 4a₁ ← O 1s resonance. Furthermore, the AEPICO yield is greatly enhanced at the 4a₁ ← O 1s resonance as compared with that at the O 1s ionization. On the basis of these results, a spectator-Auger-stimulated ion desorption mechanism and/or ultra-fast ion desorption mechanism are concluded to be responsible for the H⁺ desorption at the 4a₁ ← O 1s resonance. The enhancement of the H⁺ yield is ascribed to the O---H anti-bonding character of the 4a₁ orbital.     

NO adsorption on the Rh(110) surface: kinetics and composition of the adlayer studied by fast XPS

The adsorption and dissociation of NO on the Rh(110) surface were studied by synchrotron radiation X-ray photoemission spectroscopy at temperatures in the range 210–370 K. The O 1s or N 1s spectra were collected every 14 s while the surface was continuously exposed to a steady NO gas pressure. The difference in the binding energies for the atomic oxygen (O 1s ≤530.2 eV), atomic nitrogen (N 1s 397.2 eV) and molecular upright bonded NO molecules (O 1s ≥531.0 eV and N 1s 400 eV) allowed us to distinguish these surface species and to follow the evolution of the adsorbate layer. In addition to these dominating surface species a new species, characterized by O 1s binding energy of 530.7 eV and N 1s binding energy similar to that of the atomic nitrogen, was detected within a narrow coverage range. This state is tentatively assigned to a “lying down” NO bonding configuration, detectable at the timescale of the measurements. The uptake plots, constructed using the integrated intensity of the deconvoluted O 1s and N 1s spectra, are used to elucidate the effect of the reaction temperature and surface coverage and composition on the kinetics of dissociative and molecular NO adsorption of Rh(110).     

类锂离子(Z=11～20) 1s22s-1s23p的跃迁能和振子强度

用全实加关联方法计算类锂离子(Z=11～20)偶极跃迁1s22s*"2S-1s23p*"2P1/2,3/2的跃迁能.非相对论能量用Rayleigh-Ritz变分法确定,相对论修正和质量极化效应用微扰论计算,还估算了来自量子电动力学效应的修正.得到的计算结果与现有的实验数据符合得很好,我们关于氯的类锂离子(Z=17)1s23p态的精细结构劈裂的计算结果揭示,相应的实验数据明显偏离等电子序列的物理规律.还算了1s22s-1s23p偶极跃迁的振子强度.     

Observation of free-electron-laser-induced collective spontaneous emission (superfluorescence)

We have observed and characterized 501.6 nm collective spontaneous emission (superfluorescence) following 1s(2) → 1s3p excitation of helium atoms by 53.7 nm free-electron laser radiation. Emitted pulse energies of up to 100 nJ are observed, corresponding to a photon number conversion efficiency of up to 10%. We observe the peak intensity to scale as ρ(2) and the emitted pulse width and delay to scale as ρ(-1), where ρ is the atom number density. Emitted pulses as short as 1 ps are observed, which corresponds to a rate around 75,000 times faster than the spontaneous 1s3p → 1s2s decay rate. To our knowledge, this is the first observation of superfluorescence following pumping in the extreme ultraviolet wavelength region, and extension of the technique to the generation of extreme ultraviolet and x-ray superfluorescence pulses should be straightforward by using suitable atomic systems and pump wavelengths.