芳香氮芥衍生物的合成及抑瘤活性

以芳香氮芥N,N-二(2-氯乙基)-1,4-苯二胺为药效基团,不同链长的萜醇和饱和醇为载体,通过氨基甲酸酯的联接方式,设计合成了6个芳香氮芥衍生物,收率在66%～90%之间,所有目标化合物的结构均经元素分析、1H NMR、13C NMR和MS测试技术确证.对K562(白血病细胞),B16(黑色素瘤)和CHO(中国仓鼠卵巢细胞)3种细胞模型进行了体外抗肿瘤活性测试,结果表明,部分化合物的活性较N,N-二(2-氯乙基)-1,4-苯二胺有明显提高,并在一定浓度范围内与商品药物美法仑(Melphalan)相当,其中法尼基修饰的化合物6e在浓度为0.1～10 μmol/L范围内,对B16细胞的体外抑制率明显优于美法仑.     

芳胺氮芥衍生物的合成与生理活性研究

以芳香氮芥N,N-二(2-氯乙基)-1,4-苯二胺为药效基团,4位取代的苯胺和α-萘胺为载体,通过尿素的连接方式,合成了5个芳胺类氮芥衍生物,所有化合物的结构经元素分析、1HNMR、13CNMR和MS测试确证。对K562(白血病细胞),B16(黑色素瘤)和CHO(中国仓鼠卵巢癌细胞)三种细胞模型进行了体外抗肿瘤活性测试,结果表明部分化合物的活性较N,N-二(2-氯乙基)-1,4-苯二胺有明显提高,其中化合物5e在一定的浓度范围内与商品药物美法仑相当。     

8-取代黄酮的合成及生理活性研究

设计合成了8-黄酮甲基氮芥和6种8-黄酮甲基多聚异戊二烯胺类化合物, 产物结构经¹H NMR, MS及元素分析确证. 合成的7个化合物与氮芥类抗肿瘤药物美法仑一起对白血病细胞(K562)、中国仓鼠卵巢细胞(CHO)、黑色素瘤细胞(B16)等3种肿瘤细胞进行了初步的体外生理活性测试. 结果表明, 对3种受测细胞, 8-黄酮甲基氮芥的体外活性均与美法仑接近; N,N-二(8-黄酮甲基)香叶基胺则表现出比美法仑更高的体外抗肿瘤活性.     

具有抗肿瘤活性甾体氮芥类化合物的研究进展

本文按照甾体的甾核结构对甾体氮芥化合物进行分类,综述了近年来新合成的甾体氮芥类化合物及其衍生物的抗肿瘤活性及研究进展,并对此方面的发展趋势和应用前景作了展望。     

含氮芥基查尔酮类衍生物的合成、晶体结构及抗肿瘤活性

根据拼药原理,将氮芥类抗肿瘤药物的药效基团N,N-二(2-氯乙基)氨基拼接到查尔酮结构中,合成出了一系列新型含氮芥基的查尔酮衍生物3a～3r,并用1H NMR,IR,HRMS-ESI及X射线对其结构进行了确证.采用MTT法对所合成的化合物进行了体外抗肿瘤活性测试,结果表明部分化合物对所选肿瘤细胞的增殖有较强的抑制作用,其中,化合物3j和3l对K562的IC50值分别为20.01和18.6μmol/L;对HepG2的IC50值分别为43.46和21.39μmol/L.实验培养并得到了目标产物3e和3l的晶体结构,X射线分析表明化合物3e和3l都属三斜晶系,P-1空间群.     

两类氮芥衍生物的合成及其生理活性研究

设计合成了3个苯胺氮芥和6个萘酰亚胺-氮芥衍生物,产物结构均经1H NMR,13C NMR,ESI-MS和元素分析确认.使用MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]法测试了9个化合物对HL-60,K562和SMMC-7721三种...     

茄呢基胺-氮芥衍生物的合成

首次设计并制备了二种以茄呢基胺和茄呢基哌嗪为载体的新型氮芥衍生物.即以二 (2 氯乙基 )胺盐酸盐为原料与邻苯二甲酸酐反应,合成出含有抗肿瘤活性基团的化合物 2 { [二 ( 2 氯乙基 )氨基 ]羰基 }苯甲酸,然后在二环己基碳二亚胺存在下,分别与茄呢基胺和茄呢基哌嗪进行酰化反应,得到两种含茄呢基胺类基团的氮芥衍生物,其结构经元素分析,IR,1HNMR和MS确证.     

聚异戊二烯基三胺的合成及生理活性评价

设计、合成了一系列聚异戊二烯基三胺化合物,目标化合物结构均经过核磁共振谱、质谱及元素分析确认;利用MTT法测试了目标化合物对人白血病细胞K562和人肝癌细胞Bel-7402的体外抗肿瘤活性.结果表明,目标化合物对两种肿瘤细胞的生长均有较强的抑制活性.     

8-黄酮哌嗪衍生物的合成及生理活性研究

设计合成了4个8-黄酮甲基哌嗪和4个8-黄酮甲基多聚异戊二烯哌嗪类化合物, 产物结构均经1H NMR, ESI-MS和元素分析确认. 使用MTT法测试了8个化合物对Bel-7402 (人肝癌细胞)和K562(白血病细胞)两种肿瘤细胞的体外抗肿瘤活性. 结果表明哌嗪单黄酮和双黄酮体外生理活性并不理想, 但在黄酮骨架上引入多聚异戊二烯哌嗪基后的产物对K562细胞表现出比N,N-二(8-黄酮甲基)香叶基胺(1)更好的体外抗肿瘤活性.     

茄呢基氮芥衍生物的合成及生理活性

茄呢基氮芥衍生物的合成及生理活性;氮芥;茄呢醇;合成;生理活性     

O-取代苯基-O-(2-硬脂酰胺基)乙基-N,N-二(2-氯乙基)磷酰胺的合成和生物活性

N-脂肪酰基乙醇胺(NAE)作为植物体内的一种内源物质, 在调节植物生长方面起着重要作用. 为了弥补其分子结构中长的脂肪链所带来的溶解性能以及在植物体内传导性能的缺陷, 我们将N-硬脂酰乙醇胺(NAE18)引入氮芥磷酸酯中, 合成了一系列标题化合物. 在合成工作中发现: 在NAE18与氮芥芳基磷酰氯的反应过程中, 4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)起着关键性的催化作用. 在不加DMAP的相同实验条件下, 反应不能进行. 对所合成的标题化合物进行了植物生长调节和杀菌活性的测定, 初步生测结果表明: 经过结构修饰后, 大多数目标化合物的活性相对NAE18有所增强, 但有关生物活性仍有待进一步研究.     

Aromatic Nitrogen Mustard‐Based Prodrugs: Activity,Selectivity, and the Mechanism of DNA Cross‐Linking

Three novel H₂O₂‐activated aromatic nitrogen mustard prodrugs ( 6 – 8 ) are reported. These compounds contain a DNA alkylating agent connected to a H₂O₂‐responsive trigger by different electron‐withdrawing linkers so that they are inactive towards DNA but can be triggered by H₂O₂ to release active species. The activity and selectivity of these compounds towards DNA were investigated by measuring DNA interstrand cross‐link (ICL) formation in the presence or absence of H₂O₂. An electron‐withdrawing linker unit, such as a quaternary ammonia salt ( 6 ), a carboxyamide ( 7 ), and a carbonate group ( 8 ), is sufficient to deactivate the aromatic nitrogen mustard resulting in less than 1.5 % cross‐linking formation. However, H₂O₂ can restore the activity of the effectors by converting a withdrawing group to a donating group, therefore increasing the cross‐linking efficiency (>20 %). The stability and reaction sites of the ICL products were determined, which revealed that alkylation induced by 7 and 8 not only occurred at the purine sites but also at the pyrimidine site. For the first time, we isolated and characterized the monomer adducts formed between the canonical nucleosides and the aromatic nitrogen mustard ( 15 ) which supported that nitrogen mustards reacted with dG, dA, and dC. The activation mechanism was studied by NMR spectroscopic analysis. An in vitro cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that compound 7 with a carboxyamide linker dramatically inhibited the growth of various cancer cells with a GI₅₀ of less than 1 μM , whereas compound 6 with a charged linker did not show any obvious toxicity in all cell lines tested. These data indicated that a neutral carboxyamide linker is preferable for developing nitrogen mustard prodrugs. Our results showed that 7 is a potent anticancer prodrug that can serve as a model compound for further development. We believe these novel aromatic nitrogen mustards will inspire further and effective applications.     

Comparison of estramustine with its dihydroxy analogue,estradiol 3-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)carbamate

Estramustine is an antimicrotubule agent that is effective against prostate cancer when used in combination with other microtubule-binding drugs. It is a derivative of estradiol and has a nitrogen mustard group attached via an intervening carbamate group. The molecular dimensions published for estramustine from crystal structure analyses (Mol. Pharmacol. 41∶569, 1992) indicate that the carbamate group modifies the mustard group by giving considerable double-bond character to the C-N bond. As a result the mustard group cannot form an active aziridine ring and therefore does not show the expected alkylating function. The substitution at O(3) of the aromatic A ring of the steroid moiety has also modified its activity as a steroid. Geometric data are presented here on a compound in which the two chlorine atoms of the mustard group of estramustine are replaced by hydroxyl groups. The question was, why does the dihydroxy derivative not show biological activity when chlorine atoms do not appear to be activated in estramustine itself? A comparison of the molecular geometries of the two compounds shows that the dimensions of the carbamate group are similar in both compounds. Therefore it appears that it is the extensive hydrogen-bonding capability of the dihydroxy compound that destroys its estramustine-like activity. In crystals of both compounds there is a hydrogen bond between O(17) -H and O(19) of another molecule, but the dihydroxy compound can form two more hydrogen bonds. This may possibly prevent it from reaching the site of action of estramustine or, if it does reach that site, cause it to behave differently.     

主链含氨基酸、5-氟尿嘧啶、氮芥的聚磷酰胺和聚磷酸酯的合成及其抗肿瘤活性研究

由1,3-双(氨基酸丙酯盐酸盐)-5-氟尿嘧啶与双(2-氯乙基)氨基磷酰二氯在DMF中反应得到十种含氨基酸、氮芥和5-氟尿嘧啶啶三组分的聚合物。通过核磁、红外和紫外以及元素分析测定了聚合物的结构。试验了聚合物的体外抗肿瘤活性。     

Synthesis,cytotoxicity, topoisomerase I inhibition and molecular docking of novel phosphoramide mustard sophoridinic acid analogues

A series of novel phosphoramide mustard sophoridinic acid analogues, consisting of nitrogen mustard group and sophoridinic acid scaffold, have been designed, synthesized and evaluated for their topoisomerase inhibitory activity as well as cytotoxicity against six tumor cell lines (SMMC‐7721, LoVo, MCF‐7, K562, S180 and H22) and a normal cell line (L929). Among the compounds tested, five were found to be potent inhibitors and exhibited potent cytotoxicity against S180 and H22 cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 1–4 μM. Further mechanistic studies showed that this class of compounds acted as novel topoisomerase I (Topo I) catalytic inhibitors by preventing the binding of Topo I to DNA and inhibiting the cleavage of DNA, and molecular docking studies revealed that the binding energy for these compounds was comparable to that for classic Topo I inhibitors CPT and HCPT, indicating that the compounds have an interaction with DNA and Topo I.