A Macro Model for Traffic Flow with Consideration of Static Bottleneck

In this paper, we develop a macro model for traffic flow with consideration of static bottleneck to explore the impacts of static bottleneck on traffic flow. The analytical and numerical results show that the proposed model can qualitatively describe the equilibrium flux, uniform flow and small perturbation under the action of a static bottleneck.     

A New Macro Model for Traffic Flow on a Highway with Bus Stop

Based on the difference between the online bus stop and the offline bus stop, two macro models are developed to describe the two types of bus stops. The numerical results show that the two models can qualitatively reproduce some complex phenomena resulted by the two types of bus stops and that the offline bus stop is more effective than the online bus stop when the initial density is relatively low.     

A New Macro Model for Traffic Flow on a Highway with Ramps and Numerical Tests

In this paper, we present a new macro model for traffic flow on a highway with ramps based on the existing models. We use the new model to study the effects of on-off-ramp on the main road traffic during the morning rush period and the evening rush period. Numerical tests show that, during the two rush periods, these effects are often different and related to the status of the main road traffic. If the main road traffic flow is uniform, then ramps always produce stop-and-go traffic when the main road density is between two critical values, and ramps have little effect on the main road traffic when the main road density is less than the smaller critical value or greater than the larger critical value. If a small perturbation appears on the main road, ramp may lead to stop-and-go traffic, or relieve or even eliminate the stop-and-go traffic, under different circumstances. These results are consistent with real traffic, which shows that the new model is reasonable.     

A New Lattice Model of Two-Lane Traffic Flow with the Consideration of the Honk Effect

In this paper, a new lattice model of two-lane traffic flow with the honk effect term is proposed to study the influence of the honk effect on wide moving jams under lane changing. The linear stability condition on two-lane highway is obtained by applying the linear stability theory. The modified Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation near the critical point is derived and the coexisting curves resulted from the modified KdV equation can be described, which shows that the critical point, the coexisting curve and the neutral stability line decrease with increasing the honk effect coefficient. A wide moving jam can be conceivably described approximately in the unstable region. Numerical simulation is performed to verify the analytic results. The results show that the honk effect could suppress effectively the congested traffic patterns about wide moving jam propagation in lattice model of two-lane traffic flow.     

Properties of Bottleneck on Complex Networks

The traffic bottleneck plays a key role in most of the natural and artificial network. Here we present a simply model for bottleneck dynamical characteristics consideration the reliability on the complex network by taking into account the network topology characteristics and system size. We find that there is a critical rate of flow generation below which the network traffic is free but above which traffic congestion occurs. Also, it is found that random networks have larger critical flow generating rate than scale free ones. Analytical results may be practically useful for designing networks, especially for the urban traffic network.     

Analyses of Lattice Traffic Flow Model on a Gradient Highway

The optimal current difference lattice hydrodynamic model is extended to investigate the traffic flow dynamics on a unidirectional single lane gradient highway. The effect of slope on uphill/downhill highway is examined through linear stability analysis and shown that the slope significantly affects the stability region on the phase diagram.Using nonlinear stability analysis, the Burgers, Korteweg-deVries(KdV) and modified Korteweg-deVries(mKdV) equations are derived in stable, metastable and unstable region, respectively. The effect of reaction coefficient is examined and concluded that it plays an important role in suppressing the traffic jams on a gradient highway. The theoretical findings have been verified through numerical simulation which confirm that the slope on a gradient highway significantly influence the traffic dynamics and traffic jam can be suppressed efficiently by considering the optimal current difference effect in the new lattice model.     

Analyses of Lattice Traffic Flow Model on a Gradient Highway

The optimal current difference lattice hydrodynamic model is extended to investigate the traffic flow dynamics on a unidirectional single lane gradient highway. The effect of slope on uphill/downhill highway is examined through linear stability analysis and shown that the slope significantly affects the stability region on the phase diagram. Using nonlinear stability analysis, the Burgers, Korteweg-deVries (KdV) and modified Korteweg-deVries (mKdV) equations are derived in stable, metastable and unstable region, respectively. The effect of reaction coefficient is examined and concluded that it plays an important role in suppressing the traffic jams on a gradient highway. The theoretical findings have been verified through numerical simulation which confirm that the slope on a gradient highway significantly influence the traffic dynamics and traffic jam can be suppressed efficiently by considering the optimal current difference effect in the new lattice model.     

多车种LWR交通流模型的半离散中心迎风格式

对多车种LWR交通流模型,给出一种半离散中心迎风格式,该格式以五阶WENO-Z重构和半离散中心迎风数值通量为基础.WENO-Z重构方法的引入提高了格式的精度,并保证格式具有基本无振荡的性质.时间的离散采用保持强稳定性的Runge-Kutta方法.通过数值算例验证了格式的有效性.     

Traffic Flow States in a Freeway with Bottleneck

The system of mixture of single lane and double lane is studied by a cellular automata model, which is developed by us based on the Nagel and Schreckenberg's models. We justify that the model can reach a stable states quickly. The density distributions of the stable state is presented for several cases, which illustrate the manner of the congestion. The relationship between the outflow rate and the total number of vehicles and that between the outflow rate and the density just before the bottleneck are both given. Comparing with the relationship that occurring in the granular flow, we conclude that the transition from the free traffic flow to the congested traffic flow can also be attributed to the abrupt variation through unstable flow state, which can naturally explain the discontinuities and the complex time variation behavior observed in the traffic flow experiments.     

A Lattice Hydrodynamic Model for Traffic Flow Accounting for Driver Anticipation Effect of the Next-Nearest-Neighbor Site

In this paper, a new lattice hydrodynamic model is proposed by incorporating the driver anticipation effect of next-nearest-neighbor site. The linear stability analysis and nonlinear analysis show that the driver anticipation effect of next-nearest-neighbor site can enlarge the stable area of traffic flow. The space can be divided into three regions： stab/e, metastable, and unstable. Numerical simulation further illuminates that the driver anticipation effect of the next-neaxest-neighbor site can stabilize tramc flow in our modified lattice model, which is consistent with the analytical results.     

A Lattice Hydrodynamic Model for Traffic Flow Accounting for Driver Anticipation Effect of the Next-Nearest-Neighbor Site

In this paper, a new lattice hydrodynamic model is proposed by incorporating the driver anticipation effect of next-nearest-neighbor site. The linear stability analysis and nonlinear analysis show that the driver anticipation effect of next-nearest-neighbor site can enlarge the stable area of traffic flow. The space can be divided into three regions: stable, metastable, and unstable. Numerical simulation further illuminates that the driver anticipation effect of the next-nearest-neighbor site can stabilize traffic flow in our modified lattice model, which is consistent with the analytical results.     

An Improved Car-Following Model for Multiphase Vehicular Traffic Flow and Numerical Tests

This paper attempts to introduce an improved difference model that modifies a car-following model, which takes the next-nearest-neighbor interaction into account. The hnprovement of this model over the previous one lies in that it performs more realistically in the dynamical motion for small delay time. The traffic behavior of the improved model is investigated with analytic and numerical methods with the finding that the new consideration could further stabilize traffic flow. And some simulation tests verify that the proposed model can demonstrate some complex physical features observed recently in real traffic such as the existence of three phases： free flow, coexisting flow, and jam flow; spontaneous formation of density waves; sudden flow drop in flow-density plane; traffic hysteresis in transition between the free and the coexisting flow. Furthermore, th.e improved model also predicts that the stable state to relative density in the coexisting flow is insusceptible to noise.     

An Improved Discrete-Time Model for Heterogeneous High-Speed Train Traffic Flow

This paper aims to present a simulation model for heterogeneous high-speed train traffic Row based on an improved discrete-time model(IDTM).In the proposed simulation model,four train control strategies,including departing strategy,traveling strategy,braking strategy,overtaking strategy,are well defined to optimize train movements.Based on the proposed simulation model,some characteristics of train traffic Bow are investigated.Numerical results indicate that the departure time intervals,the station dwell time,the section length,and the ratio of fast trains have different influence on traffic capacity and train average velocity.The results can provide some theoretical support for the strategy making of railway departments.     

Traffic flow of a roundabout crossing with an open boundary condition

This paper presents a cellular automaton traffic flow model with an open boundary condition to describe the traffic flow at a roundabout crossing with an inner roundabout lane and an outer roundabout lane. The simulation results show that the boundary condition, bottlenecks and the self-organization affect the traffic flow at the roundabout crossing. Because of the effect of bottlenecks, jams easily appear on the inner roundabout lane. To improve the capacity of the roundabout system, proper values of the enter probability α and the out probability $\beta $ can be chosen.     

Impact of the Next-Nearest-Neighbor Interaction on Traffic Flow of Highway with Slopes

In this paper,we study the motion course of traffic flow on the slopes of a highway by applying a microscopic traffic model,which takes into account the next-nearest-neighbor interaction in an intelligent transportation system environment.Three common gradients of the highway,which are sag terrain,uphill terrain,and downhill terrain on a single-lane roadway,are selected to clarify the impact on the traffic flow by the next-nearest-neighbor interaction in relative velocity.We obtain the current-density relation for traffic flow on the sag,the uphill and the downhill under the next-nearest-neighbor interaction strategy.It is observed that the current saturates when the density is greater than a critical value and the current decreases when the density is greater than another critical value.When the density falls into the intermediate range between the two critical densities it is also found that the oscillatory jam,easily leads to traffic accidents,often appears in the downhill stage,and the next-nearest-neighbor interaction in relative velocity has a strong suppressing effect on this kind of dangerous congestion.A theoretical analysis is also presented to explain this important conclusion.     

Ergodic Properties of a Simple Deterministic Traffic Flow Model

We study statistical properties of a family of maps acting in the space of integer valued sequences, which model dynamics of simple deterministic traffic flows. We obtain asymptotic (as time goes to infinity) properties of trajectories of those maps corresponding to arbitrary initial configurations in terms of statistics of densities of various patterns and describe weak attractors of these systems and the rate of convergence to them. Previously only the so called regular initial configurations (having a density with only finite fluctuations of partial sums around it) in the case of a slow particles model (with the maximal velocity 1) have been studied rigorously. Applying ideas borrowed from substitution dynamics we are able to reduce the analysis of the traffic flow models corresponding to the multi-lane traffic and to the flow with fast particles (with velocities greater than 1) to the simplest case of the flow with the one-lane traffic and slow particles, where the crucial technical step is the derivation of the exact life-time for a given cluster of particles. Applications to the optimal redirection of the multi-lane traffic flow and a model of a pedestrian going in a slowly moving crowd are discussed as well.     

An Extended Optimal Velocity Model with Consideration of Honk Effect

Based on the OV (optimal velocity) model, we in this paper present an extended OV model with the consideration of the honk effect. The analytical and numerical results illustrate that the honk effect can improve the velocity and flow of uniform flow but that the increments are relevant to the density.     

Incident Detection Method of Expressway Based on Traffic Flow Simulation Model

The expressway traffic incidents have the characteristics of high harmful, strong destructive and refractory. Incident detection can guarantee smooth operation of the expressway, reduce traffic congestion and avoid secondary accident by informing the accident, detection and treatment timely. In this paper, an incident detection method is proposed using the toll station data that takes into account the traffic ratio at the entrances and crossway in the network. The expressway traffic simulation model is improved and a simulation algorithm is established to describe the movement of the vehicles. A numerical example is experimented on the expressway network of Shandong province. The proposed method can effectively detect the expressway incidents, and dynamically estimate the traffic network states so as to provide advice for the highway management department.     

An Extended Optimal Velocity Model with Consideration of Honk Effect

Based on the OV （optimal velocity） model, we in this paper present an extended OV model with the consideration of the honk effect. The analytical and numerical results illustrate that the honk effect can improve the velocity and flow of uniform flow but that the increments are relevant to the density.     

LWDG Method for a Multi-Class Traffic Flow Model on an Inhomogeneous Highway

In this paper, we apply the discontinuous Galerkin method with Lax-Wendroff type time discretizations (LWDG) using the weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO) limiter to solve a multi-class traffic flow model for an inhomogeneous highway, which is a kind of hyperbolic conservation law with spatially varying fluxes. The numerical scheme is based on a modified equivalent system which is written as a "standard" hyperbolic conservation form. Numerical experiments for both the Riemann problem and the traffic signal control problem are presented to show the effectiveness of these methods.