DIFFERENTIABILITY OF CONVEX FUNCTIONS ON SUBLINEAR TOPOLOGICAL SPACES AND VARIATIONAL PRINCIPLES IN LOCALLY CONVEX SPACES

This paper presents a type of variational principles for real valued w lower semicon-tinuous functions on certain subsets in duals of locally convex spaces, and resolve a problem concerning differentiability of convex functions on general Banach spaces. They are done through discussing differentiability of convex functions on nonlinear topological spaces and convexification of nonconvex functions on topological linear spaces.     

Multiply Hyperharmonic Functions

We consider multiply hyperharmonic functions on the product space of two harmonic spaces in the sense of Constantinescu and Cornea. Earlier multiply superharmonic and harmonic functions have been studied in Brelot spaces notably by GowriSankaran. Important examples of Brelot spaces are solutions of elliptic differential equations. The theory of general harmonic spaces covers in addition to Brelot spaces also solution of parabolic differential equations. A locally lower bounded function is multiply hyperharmonic on the product space of two harmonic spaces if it is a hyperharmonic function in each variable for every fixed value of the other. We prove similar results as in Brelot spaces, but our approach is different. We study sheaf properties of multiply hyperharmonic functions. Our main theorem states that multiply hyperharmonic functions are lower semicontinuous and satisfy the axiom of completeness with respect to products of relatively compact sets. We also study nearly multiply hyperharmonic functions.     

BMOA(R,m) and capacity density Bloch spaces on hyperbolic Riemann surfaces

We investigate a number of spaces of functions on Riemann surfaces which are related to Bloch spaces and functions of bounded mean oscillation (BMO). These spaces are defined using properties for the corresponding function spaces on the unit disk in the complex plane, and we show that, in general, different properties lead to different function spaces. We catalogue almost completely the various relationships between these spaces.     

Holomorphic Hermite functions and ellipses

In 1990 van Eijndhoven and Meyers introduced systems of holomorphic Hermite functions and reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces associated with the systems on the complex plane. Moreover they studied the relationship between the family of all their Hilbert spaces and a class of Gelfand–Shilov functions. After that, their systems of holomorphic Hermite functions have been applied to studying quantization on the complex plane, combinatorics, and etc. On the other hand, the author recently introduced systems of holomorphic Hermite functions associated with ellipses on the complex plane. The present paper shows that their systems of holomorphic Hermite functions are determined by some cases of ellipses, and that their reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces are some cases of the Segal–Bargmann spaces determined by the Bargmann-type transforms introduced by Sjöstrand.     

Carleman estimates for parabolic equations with interior degeneracy and Neumann boundary conditions

Density of Lipschitz functions in Newtonian spaces based on quasi-Banach function lattices is discussed. Newtonian spaces are first-order Sobolevtype spaces on abstract metric measure spaces defined via (weak) upper gradients. Our main focus lies on metric spaces with a doubling measure that support a Poincaré inequality. Absolute continuity of the function lattice quasi-norm is shown to be crucial for approximability by (locally) Lipschitz functions. The proof of the density result uses, among other facts, the fact that a suitable maximal operator is locally weakly bounded. In particular, various sufficient conditions for such boundedness on quasi-Banach function lattices (and rearrangement-invariant spaces, in particular) are established and applied.     

On Grand and Small Bergman Spaces

Grand and small Bergman spaces of functions holomorphic in the unit disc are introduced. The boundedness of the Bergman projection operator on grand Bergman spaces is proved. The main result consists of estimates for functions in grand and small Bergman spaces near the boundary, which differ from those in the case of the classical Bergman space by a logarithmic multiplier with positive (for grand spaces) or negative (for small spaces) exponent.     

Spaces of smooth functions and distributions on infinite-dimensional compact groups

Several scales of smooth functions are introduced in the setting of connected infinite-dimensional compact groups. These are spaces of functions on the group with continuous derivatives in certain directions. We study properties of these spaces and of associated distribution spaces. Some of these spaces are intrinsically associated with the infinitesimal generator of a given Gaussian convolution semigroup. One of the reasons for studying these smooth function and distribution spaces is to obtain sharp results concerning the hypoellipticity of the infinitesimal generators of Gaussian convolution semigroups, i.e., invariant sub-Laplacians on compact groups.     

Function spaces and product topologies on powers of spaces

A study is made of two classes of product topologies on powers of spaces: the general box product topologies, and the general uniform product topologies. Some examples are given and some results are shown about the properties of these general product spaces. This is applied to show that certain spaces of continuous functions with the fine topology are homeomorphic to box product spaces, and certain spaces of continuous functions with the uniform topology are homeomorphic to uniform product spaces.     

Variable 2-Microlocal Besov–Triebel–Lizorkin-Type Spaces

This article is devoted to the study of variable 2-microlocal Besov-type and Triebel–Lizorkin-type spaces. These variable function spaces are defined via a Fourier-analytical approach. The authors then characterize these spaces by means of φ-transforms, Peetre maximal functions, smooth atoms, ball means of differences and approximations by analytic functions. As applications, some related Sobolev-type embeddings and trace theorems of these spaces are also established. Moreover, some obtained results, such as characterizations via approximations by analytic functions, are new even for the classical variable Besov and Triebel–Lizorkin spaces.     

Morse theory, Higgs fields, and Yang–Mills–Higgs functionals

In this mostly expository paper we describe applications of Morse theory to moduli spaces of Higgs bundles. The moduli spaces are finite-dimensional analytic varieties but they arise as quotients of infinite-dimensional spaces. There are natural functions for Morse theory on both the infinite-dimensional spaces and the finite-dimensional quotients. The first comes from the Yang?CMills?CHiggs energy, while the second is provided by the Hitchin function. After describing what Higgs bundles are, we explore these functions and how they may be used to extract topological information about the moduli spaces.     

Sublinear operators in generalized weighted Morrey spaces

Generalized weighted Morrey spaces defined on spaces of homogeneous type are introduced by using weight functions in the Muckenhoupt class. Theorems on the boundedness of a large class of sublinear operators on these spaces are presented. The classes of sublinear operators under consideration contain a whole series of important operators of harmonic analysis, such as, e.g., maximal functions, singular and fractional integrals, Bochner–Riesz means, and so on.     

On the Charshiladze-Lozinski theorem for compact topological groups and homogeneous spaces

This paper is concerned with an extension of the Charshiladze-Lozinski theorem to compact (not necessarily abelian) topological groups G and symmetric compact homogeneous spaces G/H. The proof is based on a generalized Marcinkiewicz — Berman formula. As an application, some divergence theorems for expansions of continuous resp. integrable complex — valued functions on Euclidean spheres and projective spaces in series of polynomial functions on these spaces are established.     

A new family of high regularity elements

In this article, we propose a new family of high regularity finite element spaces. The global approximation spaces are obtained in two steps. We first build an open cover of the computational domain and local approximation spaces on each patch of the cover. Then we construct partition of unity functions subordinate to the open cover depending on the regularity requirement. The basis functions of the global space is given by the products of the local basis functions and the corresponding partition of unity functions. The method can be used to construct finite element spaces of any desired regularity. Approximation properties and implementation details are discussed. Numerical examples for the biharmonic equation are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 28: 1–16, 2012     

Duality in Vector Optimization Under Type 1 α-Invexity in Banach Spaces

The aim of this paper is to provide global optimality conditions and duality results for a class of nonconvex vector optimization problems posed on Banach spaces. In this paper, we introduce the concept of quasi type I α-invex, pseudo type I α-invex, quasi pseudo type I α-invex, and pseudo quasi type I α-invex functions in the setting of Banach spaces, and we consider a vector optimization problem with functions defined on Banach spaces. A few sufficient optimality conditions are given, and some results on duality are proved.     

Pontryagin-de Branges-Rovnyak spaces of slice hyperholomorphic functions

We study reproducing kernel Hilbert and Pontryagin spaces of slice hyperholomorphic functions. These are analogs of the Hilbert spaces of analytic functions introduced by de Branges and Rovnyak. In the first part of the paper, we focus on the case of Hilbert spaces and introduce, in particular, a version of the Hardy space. Then we define Blaschke factors and Blaschke products and consider an interpolation problem. In the second part of the paper, we turn to the case of Pontryagin spaces. We first prove some results from the theory of Pontryagin spaces in the quaternionic setting and, in particular, a theorem of Shmulyan on densely defined contractive linear relations. We then study realizations of generalized Schur functions and of generalized Carathéodory functions.     

Order Structures in Banach Spaces of Analytic Functions

In this paper we consider some Banach spaces of analytic functions on the unit disk generated by the cone of analytic functions with monotone decreasing Taylor coefficients. We get that some of these spaces are Banach lattices with respect to this cone. Different ordered spaces of linear bounded operators acting between the previous spaces are also investigated, with emphasis on the so-called regular multipliers and Hankel operators.     

Toward a Unified Theory of Generalized Functions: Convergence

Generalized functions are usually treated as bounded linear functionals on spaces of test functions. Here they are considered as objects which ?convolute”? with test functions and satisfy a certain associativity condition. In this setting simple definitions are given for convergence of sequences of test functions and generalized functions, definitions which do not depend on particular properties of the space of test functions. It is shown that for the most commonly used spaces, these general definitions reduce to the standard ones.     

Sampling and interpolation in de Branges spaces with doubling phase

The de Branges spaces of entire functions generalize the classical Paley-Wiener space of square summable bandlimited functions. Specifically, the square norm is computed on the real line with respect to weights given by the values of certain entire functions. For the Paley-Wiener space, this can be chosen to be an exponential function where the phase increases linearly. As our main result, we establish a natural geometric characterization in terms of densities for real sampling and interpolating sequences in the case when the derivative of the phase function merely gives a doubling measure on the real line. Moreover, a consequence of this doubling condition is that the spaces we consider are model spaces generated by a one-component inner function. A novelty of our work is the application to de Branges spaces of techniques developed by Marco, Massaneda and Ortega-Cerdà for Fock spaces satisfying a doubling condition analogous to ours.     

Baire generalized topological spaces, generalized metric spaces and infinite games

Different generalizations of topological Baire spaces to the case of generalized topological spaces are considered and the properties of such spaces are examined. In particular, these considerations are focused on the relationship between Baire generalized topological spaces and semi-continuous real functions and infinite games. The notion of generalized metric spaces corresponding to generalized topological spaces is introduced as an important tool in this discussion.