两个基于[SMo12O40]2-和冠醚基超分子阳离子的无机-有机杂化晶体的合成及晶体结构

以18-冠-6和4-碘-苯铵盐,二苯并30-冠-10和3-氟-4-氯-苯铵盐为超分子阳离子构建单元,分别引入到Keggin型[SMo₁₂O₄₀]^2-中,使用H管扩散法和溶剂挥发法合成了无机-有机杂化材料[（4-I-Anis）（[18]crown-6）]₂[SMo₁₂O₄₀]·CH₃CN（1）和[（3-F-4-Cl-Anis）₂（DB[30]crown-10）][SMo₁₂O₄₀]·2CH₃CN（2）（4-I-Anis=4-碘-苯铵盐;3-F-4-Cl-Anis=3-氟-4-甲基苯铵盐;DB[30]crown-10=二苯并30-冠-10）。通过红外光谱、元素分析、热重分析、固态漫反射光谱和X射线单晶结构分析对化合物进行了表征。结构分析表明,晶体1和2通过非共价键自组装作用构建而成,冠醚基超分子阳离子是通过N-H…O氢键作用形成。晶体1中,在bc平面,每个[SMo₁₂O₄₀]^2-多酸阴离子被6个超分子阳离子（4-I-Anis）（[18]crown-6）围绕,形成六边形的结构;晶体2中,在bc平面,每个[SMo₁₂O₄₀]^2-多酸阴离子被4个大的超分子阳离子（3-F-4-Cl-Anis）₂（DB[30]crown-10）围绕,形成四边形的结构。热重分析表明,氢键在维持晶体1和2的稳定性上起着主要的作用。固态漫反射光谱表明,[SMo₁₂O₄₀]^2-和冠醚基超分子阳离子之间存在电荷转移作用。     

含磷钼酸及2,2’-联吡啶-3,3’-二羧酸配体的铜配位聚合物的合成、晶体结构与电化学性质

在水热条件下合成了一个新的化合物{[Cu₄(PMo₁₂O₄₀)(H₂O)₅(H₂bpdc)(Hbpdc)(bpdc)₂]·6H₂O}_n(H₂bpdc=2, 2’-联吡啶-3, 3’-二羧酸), 并用元素分析、IR、TG和X-射线衍射等手段进行了表征。结果表明本化合物的晶体结构中, 最小不对称单元包含1个 [Cu₄(H₂O)₅(H₂bpdc)(Hbpdc)(bpdc)₂]³⁺阳离子, 1个[PMo₁₂O₄₀]^3-阴离子和6个结晶水分子。Cu(Ⅱ)与相邻[PMo₁₂O₄₀]^3-的桥氧原子配位, 形成一维链状结构。电化学研究表明, 化合物存在三步氧化还原过程。     

多金属氧酸盐修饰的过渡金属配合物的催化效果和电化学行为

基于水热技术,合成了多金属氧酸盐修饰的2种新的过渡金属配合物[Cu（dmbipy）²（SiW¹²O⁴⁰）][Cu（dmbipy）（H₂O）₃]·3H₂O（1）和{（Hdmphen）²[Ag₂（dmphen）²（SiW¹²O⁴⁰）]}_n（2）（dmbipy=4,4’-二甲基-2,2’-联吡啶,dmphen=2,9-二甲基-1,10-菲咯啉）。配合物1的最小不对称单元包含2种不同的Cu（Ⅱ）单元,其中Cu（Ⅱ）离子都采用了五配位的模式,并且水分子也参与了配位。氢键将不同的Cu（Ⅱ）单元连接形成了一维链,并延伸至二维层。在配合物2中,多金属氧酸盐连接Ag（Ⅱ）离子形成一维链。氢键和π…π堆积作用将一维链拓展成了二维层。     

三核和四核金属-有机簇修饰的四个多酸化合物的结构、选择性光催化和汞离子传感性能

使用柔性含S有机配体4-（2-噻吩-2-基-乙基）-4H-[1,2,4]三氮唑（L）,通过调控反应参数成功制备出4个基于Keggin的化合物,即[Cu₃^ⅠL₃（PMo₁₂O₄₀）]（1）、[Cu₄^ⅠL₆（SiW₁₂O₄₀）]（2）、[Cu₄^ⅠL₆（SiMo₁₂O₄₀）]（3）和[Zn₄L₆（SiW₁₂O₄₀）]（4）,并利用单晶X射线衍射、元素分析和红外光谱进行表征。化合物1中3个Cu⁺离子聚合3个配体诱导一个环状的三核铜簇。Keggin多阴离子连接三核簇构筑二维层结构。化合物2、3和4同构,包含由6个配体连接4个金属离子（2、3中为铜离子,4中为锌离子）形成的四核[M₄L₆]⁴⁺簇。多酸阴离子提供2个氧原子连接2个[M₄L₆]⁴⁺簇,从而形成一维链结构。标题化合物对废水中的阳离子染料亚甲基蓝（MB）展示了良好的选择性光催化性能。另外2-CPE（碳糊电极）可作为安培传感器来检测过氧化氢和亚硝酸根。化合物1、2和4展示了对Hg²⁺的传感性能。     

吡啶取代苯酚配体构建的三个配合物的晶体结构

以2-（N，N-二（2-吡啶甲基）氨甲基）-6-醛基-4-甲基苯酚（HL）为配体合成了一个新的双核钙配合物[Ca₂L₂（NO₃）₂]（1）和一个单核镉配合物[Cd（HL）（NO₃）₂]（2），在碱性条件下，2能转化为双核镉配合物[Cd₂L₂（NO₃）₂]·H₂O（3）。分别对它们进行了红外、质谱、元素分析和单晶结构表征。配合物1和3属于单斜晶系，空间群分别为P2₁/c和C2/c，配合物2属于三斜晶系，空间群为P1。单晶结构表明，配合物1含有一个酚氧桥连的双核钙单元[Ca₂O₂]，每个钙均为八配位的扭曲十二面体构型[CaN₃O₅]，配位原子分别来自一个配体L^-的3个氮原子和一个酚氧原子、另一个配体L^-的一个酚氧原子和一个醛氧原子以及一个硝酸根的2个氧原子。2是一个单核镉配合物，八配位镉的配位构型是扭曲的十二面体[CdN₃O₅]，配位原子分别来自配体HL的3个氮原子和一个酚氧原子以及2个硝酸根的4个氧原子，醛基不参与配位。配合物3含有一个酚氧桥连的双核镉单元[Cd₂O₂]，每个镉均为七配位的单帽三棱柱构型[CdN₃O₄]，配位原子分别来自一个配体L^-的3个氮原子和一个酚氧原子、另一个配体L^-的一个酚氧原子和一个醛氧原子以及一个硝酸根的一个氧原子。     

超分子化合物{[8-hydroxyquinolineH]44+·[SiW12O40]4-·2H2O}的水热合成、晶体结构及热稳定性

A supermolecular compound, {[8-hydroxyquinolineH]₄⁴⁺·[SiW₁₂O₄₀]^4-·2H₂O} was synthesized by hydrothermal reaction with silico-tungstic acid and 8-hydroxyquinoline. The crystal of the compound belongs to monoclinic system, space group P2₁/n, with a=1.282 6(6) nm, b=2.292 7(4) nm, c=2.092 0(6) nm, β=95.495(2)°, Z=4, V=6.124 1(7) nm³, D_c=3.791 g·cm^-3, μ=22.568 mm^-1, F(000)=6 200, R₁=0.029 3, wR₂=0.069 3, GOF=1.079. Su-permolecular compound is composed of one SiW₁₂O₄₀^4- with Keggin structure, four protonated cations of 8-hydroxyquinoline, two hydrones. Thermal analysis results showed that the anionic skeleton construction of heteropoly acid in compound decomposed approximately at 349.0 ℃. CCDC: 622142.     

氰基桥联的Fe(Ⅲ)-Mn(Ⅱ)双金属链的可控组装和磁性作用的调控

基于不同位阻的三氰基构筑单元和双齿配体,合成了2个氰基桥联的Fe（Ⅲ）-Mn（Ⅱ）链状化合物。利用不同的结构扭曲类型调控了它们的磁性相互作用。化合物{[Fe（Ⅲ）（PzTp）（CN）₃][Mn（Ⅱ）（5,5’-dmbpy）₂]ClO₄}_n（1;PzTp=tetrakis（pyrazolyl）borate;5,5’-dmbpy=5,5’-dimethyl-2,2’-bipyridine）显示为左右手螺旋链的一维2,2-CC链状结构并且表现出亚铁磁行为。化合物{[Fe（Ⅲ）（Tp^*）（CN）₃]₂[Mn（Ⅱ）（dpqc）]·CH₃OH·H₂O}_n（2;Tp^*=hydridotris（3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl）borate;dpqc=dipyrido[3,2-a：2’,3’-c]-（6,7,8,9-tetrahydro）phenazine）具有一维4,2-带状的双链结构并且表现出典型的反铁磁性相互作用。     

四种Keggin型多酸纳米材料的制备及其吸附有机染料的性能

以4种Keggin型多酸作为原料(分别为H₃PW₁₂O₄₀·36H₂O(简写为PW₁₂^a)、H₃PMo₁₂O₄₀·34H₂O(简写为PMo₁₂^a)、H₄SiW₁₂O₄₀·35H₂O(简写为SiW₁₂^a)和H₄GeW₁₂O₄₀·40H₂O(简写为GeW₁₂^a)),采用表面活性剂智能化控制的软化学法制备了相应的4种Keggin型多酸纳米材料,分别为Ag₃PW₁₂O₄₀·36H₂O(简写为PW₁₂^b)、Ag₃PMo₁₂O₄₀·34H₂O(简写为PMo₁₂^b)、Ag₄SiW₁₂O₄₀·35H₂O(简写为SiW₁₂^b)和Ag₄GeW₁₂O₄₀·40H₂O(简写为GeW₁₂^b)。采用IR、UV-Vis、XRD和SEM表征多酸的结构和纳米粒子的形貌。在室内黑暗条件下,100 mg样品可在5 min内把20 mg·L^-1的100 mL亚甲基蓝(MB)染料溶液脱色,使其变为接近无色,吸附效率最高可达96.3%,吸附效率大小为PMo₁₂^b > PW₁₂^b > GeW₁₂^b > SiW₁₂^b。相同条件下,100 mg样品使20 mg·L^-1的100 mL罗丹明B(RhB)染料溶液30 min内脱色完全,脱色效率最高可达96.1%,吸附效率大小为PW₁₂^b > PMo₁₂^b > SiW₁₂^b > GeW₁₂^b。说明该4种多酸纳米材料具有较高的吸附有机染料性能。     

多金属氧酸盐修饰的过渡金属配合物的催化效果和电化学行为

基于水热技术,合成了多金属氧酸盐修饰的2种新的过渡金属配合物[Cu（dmbipy）₂（SiW₁₂O₄₀）][Cu（dmbipy）（H₂O）₃]·3H₂O（1）和{（Hdmphen）₂[Ag₂（dmphen）₂（SiW₁₂O₄₀）]}_n（2）（dmbipy=4,4＇-二甲基-2,2＇-联吡啶, dmphen=2,9-二甲基-1,10-菲咯啉）。配合物1的最小不对称单元包含2种不同的Cu（Ⅱ）单元,其中Cu（Ⅱ）离子都采用了五配位的模式,并且水分子也参与了配位。氢键将不同的Cu（Ⅱ）单元连接形成了一维链,并延伸至二维层。在配合物2中,多金属氧酸盐连接Ag（Ⅱ）离子形成一维链。氢键和π…π堆积作用将一维链拓展成了二维层。     

四种Keggin型多酸纳米材料的制备及其吸附有机染料的性能

以4种Keggin型多酸作为原料(分别为H₃PW₁₂O₄₀·36H₂O(简写为PW₁₂^a)、H₃PMo₁₂O₄₀·34H₂O(简写为PMo₁₂^a)、H₄SiW₁₂O₄₀·35H₂O(简写为SiW₁₂^a)和H₄GeW₁₂O₄₀·40H₂O(简写为GeW₁₂^a)),采用表面活性剂智能化控制的软化学法制备了相应的4种Keggin型多酸纳米材料,分别为Ag₃PW₁₂O₄₀·36H₂O(简写为PW₁₂^b)、Ag₃PMo₁₂O₄₀·34H₂O(简写为PMo₁₂^b)、Ag₄SiW₁₂O₄₀·35H₂O(简写为SiW₁₂^b)和Ag₄GeW₁₂O₄₀·40H₂O(简写为GeW₁₂^b)。采用IR、UV-Vis、XRD和SEM表征多酸的结构和纳米粒子的形貌。在室内黑暗条件下,100mg样品可在5min内把20mg·L^-1的100mL亚甲基蓝(MB)染料溶液脱色,使其变为接近无色,吸附效率最高可达96.3%,吸附效率大小为PMo₁₂^b >PW₁₂^b >GeW₁₂^b >SiW₁₂^b。相同条件下,100mg样品使20mg·L^-1的100mL罗丹明B(RhB)染料溶液30min内脱色完全,脱色效率最高可达96.1%,吸附效率大小为PW₁₂^b >PMo₁₂^b >SiW₁₂^b >GeW₁₂^b。说明该4种多酸纳米材料具有较高的吸附有机染料性能。     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.     

Synthesis of Tyrosol and Hydroxytyrosol Glycofuranosides and Their Biochemical and Biological Activities in Cell-Free and Cellular Assays

Tyrosol (T) and hydroxytyrosol (HOT) and their glycosides are promising candidates for applications in functional food products or in complementary therapy. A series of phenylethanoid glycofuranosides (PEGFs) were synthesized to compare some of their biochemical and biological activities with T and HOT. The optimization of glycosylation promoted by environmentally benign basic zinc carbonate was performed to prepare HOT α-L-arabino-, β-D-apio-, and β-D-ribofuranosides. T and HOT β-D-fructofuranosides, prepared by enzymatic transfructosylation of T and HOT, were also included in the comparative study. The antioxidant capacity and DNA-protective potential of T, HOT, and PEGFs on plasmid DNA were determined using cell-free assays. The DNA-damaging potential of the studied compounds for human hepatoma HepG2 cells and their DNA-protective potential on HepG2 cells against hydrogen peroxide were evaluated using the comet assay. Experiments revealed a spectrum of different activities of the studied compounds. HOT and HOT β-D-fructofuranoside appear to be the best-performing scavengers and protectants of plasmid DNA and HepG2 cells. T and T β-D-fructofuranoside display almost zero or low scavenging/antioxidant activity and protective effects on plasmid DNA or HepG2 cells. The results imply that especially HOT β-D-fructofuranoside and β-D-apiofuranoside could be considered as prospective molecules for the subsequent design of supplements with potential in food and health protection.