Unbounded weighted shifts and subnormality

The purpose of this paper is to characterize subnormality of operators composed of unbounded weighted shifts (or even more general, orthogonal sums of such shifts) and their adjoints.     

On some classes of unbounded operators

Hyponormality, normality and subnormality for unbounded operators on Hilbert space are investigated and quasi- similarity of such operators is discussed.     

On Subnormality and Formal Subnormality for Tuples of Unbounded Operators

We introduce the notion of (joint) formal normality for a collection of unbounded linear operators on a separable Hilbert space H which is, in some sense, a natural generalization of the notion of formal normality for a single operator. We give some relations between this new notion and (joint) subnormality and hyponormality. We adapt, in particular, a proof of Stochel and Szafraniec to give necessary and sufficient conditions for a tupleof unbounded operators with invariant domain to be (jointly) subnormal.     

On unbounded composition operators in L^2-spaces

Fundamental properties of unbounded composition operators in \(L^2\) -spaces are studied. Characterizations of normal and quasinormal composition operators are provided. Formally normal composition operators are shown to be normal. Composition operators generating Stieltjes moment sequences are completely characterized. The unbounded counterparts of the celebrated Lambert’s characterizations of subnormality of bounded composition operators are shown to be false. Various illustrative examples are supplied.     

Criteria for positively quadratically hyponormal weighted shifts

For bounded linear operators on Hilbert space, positive quadratic hyponormality is a property strictly between subnormality and hyponormality and which is of use in exploring the gap between these more familiar properties. Recently several related positively quadratically hyponormal weighted shifts have been constructed. In this note we establish general criteria for the positive quadratic hyponormality of weighted shifts which easily yield the results for these examples and other such weighted shifts.

     

一类Bernstein型算子加权逼近

本文首先给出了一类用递归法定义的Ｂｅｒｎｓｅｉｎ型算子在一致逼近意义下的特征刻划,然后指出在通常的加权范数下,它虹无界的,通过引入的一种新范数,我们给出了该算子加Ｊａｃｏｂｉ权逼近的特征刻划。     

Baskakov算子加权逼近的收敛阶

本文讨论了Ｂａｓｋａｋｏｖ算子加Ｊａｃｏｂｉ权逼近的收敛性，首先指出了按通常的加权范数，Ｂａｓｋａｋｏｖ算子是无界的。然后引入一种新的范数，在此范数下Ｂａｓｋａｋｏｖ算子具有压缩性，最后借助于Ｋ－泛函，我们着重讨论了它的特征刻划问题。     

Generalized multipliers for left-invertible analytic operators and their applications to commutant and reflexivity

We introduce generalized?multipliers for?left-invertible analytic operators. We show that they form a Banach algebra and characterize the commutant of such operators in its terms. In the special case, we describe the commutant of balanced weighted shift only in terms of its weights. In addition, we prove two independent criteria for reflexivity of weighted shifts on directed trees.     

On n-contractive and n-hypercontractive Operators

We consider in this paper the classes of n-hypercontractive Hilbert space operators, primarily weighted shifts, and obtain results for back step extensions of recursively generated subnormal weighted shifts and for perturbations in the first weight of the Bergman shift. We compare the results with those for the classes of k-hyponormal operators, and recapture, by an n-hypercontractive approach, a subnormality result originally proved in the k-hyponormal context.     

Schur product techniques for commuting multivariable weighted shifts

In this paper we study the hyponormality and subnormality of 2-variable weighted shifts using the Schur product techniques in matrices. As applications, we generalize the result in [R. Curto, J. Yoon, Jointly hyponormal pairs of subnormal operators need not be jointly subnormal, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 358 (2006) 5135-5159, Theorem 5.2] and give a non-trivial, large class satisfying the Curto-Muhly-Xia conjecture [R. Curto, P. Muhly, J. Xia, Hyponormal pairs of commuting operators, Oper. Theory Adv. Appl. 35 (1988) 1-22] for 2-variable weighted shifts. Further, we give a complete characterization of hyponormality and subnormality in the class of flat, contractive, 2-variable weighted shifts T≡(T₁,T₂) with the condition that the norm of the 0th horizontal 1-variable weighted shift of T is a given constant.     

Bernstein型算子加Jacobi权逼近

对于Bernstein型算子,证明它在通常的加权范数下是无界的,通过引进新的加权范数,研究其加Jacobi权的逼近性质,得到加权逼近的正逆定理,从而导出加权逼近特征的等价刻画．     

Aluthge transforms of unbounded weighted composition operators in L2-spaces

We describe the Aluthge transform of an unbounded weighted composition operator acting in an L²-space. We show that its closure is also a weighted composition operator with the same symbol and a modified weight function. We investigate its dense definiteness. We characterize p-hyponormality of unbounded weighted composition operators and provide results on how it is affected by the Aluthge transformation. We show that the only fixed points of the Aluthge transformation on weighted composition operators are quasinormal ones.     

A gap between hyponormality and subnormality for block Toeplitz operators

This paper concerns a gap between hyponormality and subnormality for block Toeplitz operators. We show that there is no gap between 2-hyponormality and subnormality for a certain class of trigonometric block Toeplitz operators (e.g., its co-analytic outer coefficient is invertible). In addition we consider the extremal cases for the hyponormality of trigonometric block Toeplitz operators: in this case, hyponormality and normality coincide.     

Gårding’s inequality for elliptic operators with degeneracy

In this paper, we prove Gårding’s weighted inequality for degenerate elliptic operators in an arbitrary (bounded or unbounded) domain of n-dimensional Euclidean space ? ⁿ and use this inequality to study the unique solvability of a specific variational problem. It is assumed that the lower coefficients of the operators under consideration belong to some weighted L _p -spaces.     

关于多元Szász-Mirakjan算子的加权逼近

本文主要讨论一类二元Ｓｚáｓｚ－Ｍｉｒａｋｊｉａｎ算子的加权逼近问题。我们首先指出了在通常的加权范数下它是无界的。然后我们给出了一类新的加权范数，在此范数下，它是有界的。最后利用一类多元Ｋ－泛函与多元分解技巧，我们给出了二元Ｓｚａｓｚ－Ｍｉｒａｋｉａｎ算子加权逼近的特征刻划。关键词     

Geometric interpolation between Hilbert spaces

We prove that there is a unique way to construct a geometric scale of Hilbert spaces interpolating between two given spaces. We investigate what properties of operators, other than boundedness, are preserved by interpolation. We show that self-adjointness is, but subnormality and Krein subnormality are not. On the way to this last result, we establish a representation theorem for cyclic Krein subnormal operators.     

New proofs for Levine’s theorems

Recently, Levine [9] expressed the vertex weighted complexity on spanning trees (with a fixed root) of the directed line graph of a digraph D in terms of the edge weighted complexity on spanning trees (with a fixed root) of D. We present new proofs for two Levine’s Theorems. Furthermore, we express the number of unicycles of the directed line graph of a digraph D in terms of the number of unicycles of D.     

Subnormality and Operator Multidimensional Moment Problems

Characterizations of subnormality due to Trent are extendedto finite systems of operators, thus generalizing results ofGãvruã and Suciu (subnormal pairs) and Binzarand Pãunescu (subnormal triplets). Vector and operatormultidimensional moment problems with jointly subnormal solutionsare characterized entirely in terms of the initial data. Boundedas well as unbounded solutions are taken into consideration.     

Asymptotic Compactness and Attractors for Phase-Field Equations in ℝ3

In this paper we study the asymptotic behaviour of solutions of the phase-field system on an unbounded domain. We do not assume conditions on the non-linear term ensuring the uniqueness of the Cauchy problem, so that we have to work with multivalued semiflows rather than with semigroups of operators. In this way we prove the existence of a global attractor by considering the convergence in an appropriate weighted space. This result is also new for more restrictive conditions, which guarantee the uniqueness of solutions.     

Some Quadratically Hyponormal Weighted Shifts

In the study of the gaps between subnormality and hyponormality both quadratic hyponormality and the related property positive quadratic hyponormality have been considered, especially for weighted shift operators. In particular, these have been studied for shifts with the first two weights equal and with Bergman tail or recursively generated tail. In this article, we characterize the allowed first two equal weights for quadratic hyponormality with Bergman tail, and the allowed first two equal weights for positive quadratic hyponormality with recursively generated tail.