Gd1-xEuxAl3(BO3)4纳米晶的合成及其发光性能

以高温固相反应法合成了Gd_1-xEu_xAl₃(BO₃)₄:Eu³⁺纳米荧光粉。使用XRD分析确定了样品的物相,并根据谢乐公式计算出其微晶的纳米粒度。采用了“粉末悬浮法”以甘油为分散介质,在RF540荧光光度计上测试了纳米晶荧光粉的激发光谱和发射光谱。GdAl₃(BO₃)₄基质本身发光,GdAl₃(BO₃)₄:Eu纳米荧光粉表现了Eu³⁺的特征发射光谱,其中最强峰为⁵D₀→⁷F₂发射,表明晶体结构中没有对称中心格位。实验表明在GdAl₃(BO₃)₄:Eu纳米晶荧光粉中,存在Gd³⁺对Eu³⁺发光的基质敏化作用。     

Synthesis and characterization of superhydrophobic functionalized Cu(OH)2 nanotube arrays on copper foil

Superhydrophobic functionalized cupric hydroxide (Cu(OH)₂) nanotube arrays were prepared on copper foils via a facile alkali assistant surface oxidation technique. Thus nanotube arrays of Cu(OH)₂ were directly fabricated on the surface of copper foil by immersing in an aqueous solution of NaOH and (NH₄)₂S₂O₈. The wettability of the surface was changed from surperhydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity by chemical modification with 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (FAS). The morphologies, microstructures, crystal structure, chemical compositions and states, and hydrophobicity of the films on the copper foil substrates were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and water contact angle measurement. It was found that the rough structure of the surface helped to magnify the wettability. The static contact angle (CA) for water is larger than 160° and the contact angle hysteresis (CAH) is lower than 5° on the modified surface. The high roughness of the nanotube arrays along with the generated C-F chains by chemical modification contributed to the improved superhydrophobicity. The present research is expected to be significant in providing a new strategy for the preparation of novel multifunctional materials with potential industrial applications on copper substrates.     

均一球形PDP用荧光粉(Y,Gd)BO3:Eu的合成

利用共沉淀法通过控制稀土离子浓度、沉淀温度等得到稀土氧化物前驱体沉淀,再将其和H3BO3按化学计量比混合煅烧制备出了平均粒径在0．5～1．0μm的球形、粒径分布较小和无团聚的(Y,Gd)BO3：Eu荧光粉,其性能在一些方面优于商用荧光粉。利用X射线衍射、SEN、粒度分析仪和PL光谱进行表征。研究了不同的煅烧温度对荧光粉性能的影响,结果发现用本实验方法在800℃煅烧即可得到纯相的(Y,Gd)BO3：Eu。而传统固相合成纯相的(Y,Gd)BO3：Eu反应温度高达1200℃。因本方法工艺较易控制,适于在工业生产上推广。     

Structural transformations preparing the dehydration of Ca(OH)2

The mechanism of the thermal decomposition of earth alkaline hydroxides has been extensively studied (Niepce, 1976). It results from the formation of water molecules preceding the decomposition. Prereactional effects have been evidenced by different experimental techniques, in a large temperature range before the dehydration temperature (570 K with P_H2O = 1.73 torr) (Freund and Wengeler, 1980; Freund, Scheikh-Ol-Eslami and Gentsch, 1975). In particular, X-ray and neutron diffraction studies on powders and single crystals of Ca(OH)₂ and Ca(OD)₂ have already revealed structural discontinuities at different temperatures which depend on the water pressure conditons (Chaix-Pluchery, 1986; Chaix-Pluchery, Bouillot, Ciosmak, Niepce and Freund, 1983; Chaix-Pluchery, Pannetier, Bouillot and Niepce, 1987).     

Synthesis and separation property of flower-like Cd(OH)2 microstructures via a simple solution route

Well-defined flower-like Cd(OH)₂ microstructures have been successfully synthesized via a simple aqueous solution route, using CdCl₂ and NaOH as the reactants, and triethanolamine (TEA) as the modifying agent. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis spectrometer were used to characterize the products. SEM and TEM images illustrated that the flower-like Cd(OH)₂ bundles consisted of hexagonal nanoplates with thickness of about 50 nm. The adsorption of TEA on (0 0 1) plane of the growing Cd(OH)₂ crystal leads to the flower petals in appearance. Further experiments evidenced that the positively charged Cd(OH)₂ could effectively adsorb or separate the negatively charged dye molecules.     

The baddeleyite-type high pressure phase of Ca(OH)2

Abstract

A phase transition from Ca(OH)₂ I (portlandite) to Ca(OH)₂ II at high pressure and temperature has been confirmed, using in situ x-ray diffraction in a multianvil high pressure device (DIA). The structure was determined at 9.5 GPa and room temperature from data collected after heating the sample at 300°C at 7.2 GPa in a diamond anvil cell. Both the Le Bail fit and preliminary Rietveld refinement suggest that the new phase, which reverts to Ca(OH), I during pressure release, has a structure related to that of baddeleyite (ZrO₁); it is monoclinic (P2₁/c) with a= 4.887(2), b= 5.834(2), c = 5.587(2), β = 99.74(2)°. The coordination number of Ca increases from six to seven (5 + 2) across the transition. At 500°C, the phase boundary is bracketed at 5.7 ± 0.4 GPa by reversal experiments performed in the DIA.     

Facile Synthesis of Gd(OH)3‐Doped Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for Dual‐Mode T1‐ and T2‐Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Applications

The facile hydrothermal synthesis of polyethyleneimine (PEI)‐coated iron oxide (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles (NPs) doped with Gd(OH)₃ (Fe₃O₄‐Gd(OH)₃‐PEI NPs) for dual mode T₁‐ and T₂‐weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging applications is reported. In this approach, Fe₃O₄‐Gd(OH)₃‐PEI NPs are synthesized via a hydrothermal method in the presence of branched PEI and Gd(III) ions. The PEI coating onto the particle surfaces enables further modification of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in order to render the particles with good water dispersibility and improved biocompatibility. The formed Fe₃O₄‐Gd(OH)₃‐PEI‐PEG NPs have a Gd/Fe molar ratio of 0.25:1 and a mean particle size of 14.4 nm and display a relatively high r₂ (151.37 × 10^?3m ^?1 s^?1) and r₁ (5.63 × 10^?3m ^?1 s^?1) relaxivity, affording their uses as a unique contrast agent for T₁‐ and T₂‐weighted MR imaging of rat livers after mesenteric vein injection of the particles and the mouse liver after intravenous injection of the particles, respectively. The developed Fe₃O₄‐Gd(OH)₃‐PEI‐PEG NPs may hold great promise to be used as a contrast agent for dual mode T₁‐ and T₂‐weighted self‐confirmation MR imaging of different biological systems.     

Simulation of coexisting ferromagnetic order and disorder of geometrically frustrated Co2Cl(OH)3

The ground state and phase transition of Co₂Cl(OH)₃ were investigated by Monte Carlo simulation. This compound is a magnet, with a pyrochlore structure distorted along one axis. The magnetic structure at low temperatures consists of coexisting ferromagnetism and random spin, according to experiments. However, the formation mechanism of the coexistence and the interaction between the spins were unclear. We assumed an anisotropic Ising model and examined the ground state by multicanonical Monte Carlo simulation. In a nearest neighbor model, the ground states were highly degenerated. Almost all of the states were spin glass states, but a few of the states were ferromagnetic. The latter magnetic states were ferromagnetic at triangular layers and two in-one out random state at Kagome layers. The latter states should be stabilized if weak ferromagnetic interactions exist between second nearest neighbor spins and correspond to the states reported by the experiments. This expectation was confirmed by simulation.     

Fourier Transform Spectrum and Term Values for the CO-Stretching Mode of CD3OH Methanol

The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of the CO-stretching fundamental band of CD₃OH has been recorded at a resolution of 0.002 cm^-1. Assignments are reported for 35 subbands in the n = 0 ground torsional state, covering K = 0 to 9 for all torsional symmetries plus K = 10 A, and 12 assorted A and E subbands in the n = 1 first excited torsional state ranging from K = 0 up to K = 5. The subband wavenumbers have been fitted to J(J + 1) power-series energy expansions to obtain subband origins and a compact representation of the spectral observations. With the use of known ground-state energies, CO-stretch energy term values have been determined and tabulated. Least-squares fitting of the subband origins to a fourth-order Hamiltonian model for the CO-stretch mode is discussed.     

Synthesis and characterization of Zn(O,OH)S and AgInS2 layers to be used in thin film solar cells

In this paper AgInS₂ and Zn(O,OH)S thin films were synthesized and characterized. AgInS₂ layers were grown by co-evaporation from metal precursors in a two-step process, and, Zn(O,OH)S thin films were deposited from chemical bath containing thiourea, zinc acetate, sodium citrate and ammonia. X-ray diffraction measurements indicated that AgInS₂ thin films grown with chalcopyrite structure, and the as-grown Zn(O,OH)S thin films were polycrystalline. It was also found that the AgInS₂ films presented p-type conductivity, a high absorption coefficient (greater than 10⁴ cm⁻¹) and energy band-gap E_g of about 1.95 eV, Zn(O,OH),S thin films presented E_g of about 3.89 eV. Morphological analysis showed that under this synthesis conditions Zn(O,OH),S thin films coated uniformly the absorber layer. Additionally, the Zn(O,OH)S kinetic growth on AgInS₂ layer was studied also. Finally, the results suggest that these layers possibly could be used in one-junction solar cells and/or as top cell in a tandem solar cell.     

(Y,Gd)BO3:Tb3+的真空紫外及紫外激发光谱特性

采用传统的高温固相反应法合成出（Y,Gd）BO3：Tb荧光体,对所制得的荧光体进行了晶体结构分析,分析结果表明结晶良好。（Y,Gd）BO3：Tb在147nm真空紫外光激发下的发射主峰在544nm（Tb^3＋的^5D4→^7F5跃迁）,是一种绿色发光材料。样品的真空紫外激发光谱及紫外激发光谱表明,（Y,Gd）BO3：Tb的基质吸收带位于150nm附近。Gd^3＋离子对真空紫外区的光吸收有增强作用,存在着Gd^3＋→Tb^3＋的能量传递。测量了荧光粉在室温下的荧光衰减特性,其余辉时间约为8ms,能够满足显示显像技术的要求。因此,（Y,Gd）-BO3：Tb是一种有前景的PDP用绿色发光材料。     

(Y,Gd)Al3(BO3)4:Tb的真空紫外光谱特性

(Y,Gd)Al3(BO3)4属于三角晶系,具有R32的空间群,掺入Ce3 ,Tb3 杂质后,其晶格结构没有变化。(Y,Gd)Al3(BO3)4:Tb随着Gd3 摩尔浓度增大,基质吸收带红移。Gd3 和Tb3 之间存在着很有效的能量传递。Gd3 摩尔浓度在一定范围内(0~0·75mol)增大时,样品在120~300nm光谱范围内的激发强度均是增强的;但是,Gd3 浓度过高造成Gd3 的发射增强,GdAl3(BO3)4:Tb在120~240nm光谱范围内激发强度很明显下降。(Y,Gd)Al3(BO3)4:Ce,Tb在真空紫外激发下,发现Tb3 的发光明显的被Ce3 猝灭。     

Luminescent properties of (Y,Gd)BO3:Bi,RE (RE=Eu, Tb) phosphor under VUV/UV excitation

Bi³⁺- and RE³⁺-co-doped (Y,Gd)BO₃ phosphors were prepared and their luminescent properties under vacuum ultraviolet (VUV)/UV excitation were investigated. Strong red emission for (Y,Gd)BO₃:Bi³⁺,Eu³⁺ and strong green emission for (Y,Gd)BO₃:Bi³⁺,Tb³⁺ are observed under VUV excitation from 147 to 200 nm with a much broader excitation region than that of single Eu³⁺-doped or Tb³⁺-doped (Y,Gd)BO₃ phosphor. Strong emissions are also observed under UV excitation around 265 nm where as nearly no luminescence is observed for single Eu³⁺-doped or Tb³⁺-doped (Y,Gd)BO₃. The luminescence enhancement of Bi³⁺- and RE³⁺-co-doped (Y,Gd)BO₃ phosphors is due to energy transfer from Bi³⁺ ion to Eu³⁺ or Tb³⁺ ion not only in the VUV region but also in the UV region. Besides, host sensitization competition between Bi³⁺ and Eu³⁺ or Tb³⁺ is also observed. The investigated phosphors may be preferable for devices with a VUV light 147-200 nm as an excitation source such as PDP or mercury-free fluorescent lamp.     

Facile synthesis and capacitive performance of the Co(OH)2 nanostructure via a ball-milling method

Co(OH)₂ nanoparticles were synthesized using only CoSO₄·7H₂O and NaOH as reactants without other auxiliary reagents via a simple, low-cost and practical ball-milling technique and investigated as the active electrode materials for supercapacitors. The structure and morphology of the resulting Co(OH)₂ samples were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The observations revealed the formation of brucite-like phase of β-Co(OH)₂, which had an irregular sphere-like shape with an average size of 50-100 nm. When investigated as electrode materials for supercapacitors, the β-Co(OH)₂ exhibited good energy-storage performances in terms of high specific capacitance of 599 F g⁻¹ and excellent capacity retention, suggesting its potential application in the electrode material for supercapacitors.     

(REO)3BO3(RE=La、Gd、Y)中Pr3+的光致发光

研究了紫外光激发下,（ＲＥＯ）３ＢＯ３（ＲＥ＝Ｌa、Ｇd、Ｙ）基质中Ｐr＾３＋的光 谱性质;探讨了基质晶格、阳离子半径、Ｐr＾３＋－Ｏ＾２－键的共价性等因素对光谱性 质的影响;分析了Ｐr＾３＋的发光强度随组成变化的规律性及Ｐr＾３＋的＾３Ｐ１→＾３Ｆ２跃迁发射的自身浓度猝灭机理。     

Photoluminescence properties of Sr(Y, Gd)2O4:Euunder VUV excitation

Vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) excitation and photoluminescence (PL) properties of Sr(Y, Gd)₂O₄ doped with Eu³⁺ were studied. The excitation spectra of SrY_1.9Eu_0.1O₄ and SrY_1.0Gd_0.9Eu_0.1O₄ had absorption in the VUV region with the absorption band edge at 149 nm, while the absorption of SrGd_1.9Eu_0.1O₄ in the VUV region was weak, which could be due to the narrow host band gap and no efficient energy transfer occurred in the VUV region. The PL spectra of all samples exhibited the characteristic emission of Eu³⁺ with the red ⁵D₀-⁷F₂ transition (611 nm) being the most prominent group.     

中子探测晶体Li6Gd(BO3)3:Ce的光谱特性研究

文章用提拉法生长出Li₆Gd(BO₃)₃:Ce晶体,并对其光谱性能与发光过程进行了探索. 借助于真空紫外-紫外透过光谱测试,发现晶体的透过光谱中存在Ce³⁺离子和Gd³⁺的特征吸收峰,同时还存在与Ce⁴⁺离子相关的电荷迁移带. 对晶体的真空紫外-紫外激发发射光谱进行研究发现,在晶体存在着Ce³⁺离子的5d→4f辐射跃迁发光与Gd³⁺离子的4f→4f辐射跃迁发光,而且存在着Gd³⁺→Ce³⁺之间的能量传递. 对Li₆Gd(BO₃)₃:Ce晶体的X射线与γ射线激发发射光谱研究可知,晶体在高能射线激发下的闪烁光主要是Ce³⁺离子的发光. 关键词： 6Gd(BO₃)₃:Ce晶体')" href="#">Li₆Gd(BO₃)₃:Ce晶体 真空紫外-紫外透过光谱 真空紫外-紫外激发发射光谱 能量传递     

ITO前驱物氢氧化铟In(OH)Zr3理论研究

分析了铟锡氧化物IT0（Indium Tin Oxide）前驱体氢氧化铟In(OH)3的结构，理论计算了其马德隆常数和晶格能,其值分别为2.9488和-5095.21kJ/mol, 并给出了晶核表面自由能近似公式和晶核生长率的近似表达式,进而计算了采用化学沉淀法制备In(OH)3纳米粉末时的晶核形成参数, In(OH)3晶核生长初期的生长率约为0.012nm/s. 关键词： 纳米粉末 In(OH)3 表面自由能 晶核生长     

ITO前驱物氢氧化铟In(OH)3理论研究

分析了铟锡氧化物IT0 (IndiumTinOxide)前驱体氢氧化铟In(OH) 3的结构 ,理论计算了其马德隆常数和晶格能 ,其值分别为 2 94 88和 - 5 0 95 2 1kJ mol,并给出了晶核表面自由能近似公式和晶核生长率的近似表达式 ,进而计算了采用化学沉淀法制备In(OH) 3纳米粉末时的晶核形成参数 ,In(OH) 3晶核生长初期的生长率约为 0 0 1 2nm s.