Spot Shape on Super-Resolution Optical Disks with a Photon-Mode Mask Layer

The spot shape on super-resolution optical disks with a photon-mode mask layer was theoretically analyzed. The spot shape was found to depend on the lifetime of the bleached state of the dyes, the light power, and the disk rotation speed. When the lifetime is short, the super-resolution spot shape is not produced at high disk speeds. On the other hand, a dye mask layer with long lifetime, such as a photochromic mask, can produce a sharp spot shape in the higher disk speed region, and therefore is suitable for obtaining a super-resolution disk with a high data transfer rate.     

Super-Resolution with a Photochromic Mask Layer in an Optical Memory

The possibility of a super-resolution optical memory using a photochromic mask layer was theoretically discussed. An equation which estimates the transmittance change of the mask layer was derived. The numerical simulation based on the equation showed that the reflectance increase of the layer by photo-irradiation is nonlinear when the optical density of the layer is high. The nonlinear response decreased the crosstalk in adjacent recording tracks and improved the MTF (modulation transfer function) characteristics, resulting in a higher recording density.     

Si掺杂Ag基超分辨薄膜读出性能研究

超分辨薄膜是一种能够实现突破光学衍射极限的功能薄膜,它在超分辨近场光存储技术中起到至关重要的作用。采用磁控溅射共溅的方式制备了Ag掺杂一定量Si的超分辨复合薄膜,测试了其作为掩膜层的超分辨光盘读出性能,并获得了最佳的薄膜制备条件,即当Ag溅射功率为55 W,Si为95 W,溅射时间为80s,薄膜厚度为39nm时,超分辨光盘的读出信号载噪比(CNR)最高为28dB。用X射线光电子能谱测量了上述薄膜的组成,用扫描电子显微镜观察了薄膜微区形貌,并用椭圆偏振光谱仪测量了薄膜的光学常数和厚度。超分辨复合薄膜的读出机理可以用Ag的散射型机理解释。光盘在持续读出10万次以后读出信号基本没有下降。     

一种新的超分辨记录点的读出技术

提出一种新的超分辨记录点的读出技术—超分辨反射膜技术，详细分析了其原理。用该技术，以Sb为超分辨反射膜，SiN为介电层，在激光波长为632．8nm和光学头的数值也径为0．40的读出光学系统中实现了直径为380nm的超分辨记录点的读出。同时研究了Sb薄膜厚度对读出信噪比的影响规律，发现最佳的Sb薄膜厚度为28～30nm，所得的信噪比为38～40dB。     

利用动态接收增益提高磁共振成像信噪比的方法

提出了一种提高磁共振成像(MRI)信噪比的有效方法.该方法在每次采集回波信号前,能够快速、灵活地控制MRI接收机的增益,实现磁共振信号动态范围的压缩;在图像重建之前采用双精度浮点运算扩展动态范围压缩的磁共振信号,最终得到信噪比提高的重建图像.在1.5 T超导MRI系统上进行了自旋回波序列的水模成像,实验结果表明,相比传统的基于固定接收增益的扫描图像,利用该方法得到的T1加权图像信噪比可以提高10%.和其他提高磁共振信号动态范围的方法相比,该方法无需增加额外硬件电路,避免多次采集图像,因而具有实现成本低的优点,是一种提高MRI信噪比的有效方法.     

Theoretical Analysis of Super-Resolution Optical Disk Mastering Using a Photoreactive Dye Mask Layer

The super-resolution mastering of read-only optical disks using a photoreactive bleachable dye mask layer was theoretically analyzed. Equations have been derived which describe the photoreactions of the resist layer and mask layer. A numerical simulation based on these equations showed that the transmittance of the mask directly affects the quality of the formed pit shape. A high-quality pit shape is obtained by using a low transmittance mask.     

超分辨相变光盘的膜层计算与分析

利用多层膜反射率的矩阵法计算了GeSbTe超分辨相变光盘的光学参数与各膜层厚度之间的关系，最后得到了较为理想的膜层厚度匹配。     

微光像增强器图像传递信噪比的测试研究

图像传递信噪比是微光像增强器的重要特性参数．能够全面定量地表征像增强器在探测弱辐射图像时的综合性能，对于确定像增强器的图像探测灵敏闽具有重要意义。针对其测试原理．采用高灵敏度低噪声CCD器件作为像管输出图像的探测接收器．并引入数字图像处理技术。利用设计的测试系统实现了典型目标图像传递信噪比的自动测试．多次实验结果表明．陔测试系统具有测试过程自动快速及测试数据准确稳定的优点．相同测试条件下的不确定度优于±3%。     

Analysis of Optical Disk Readout Signal Deterioration Caused by Dust on the Substrate

A noise power spectrum estimation method is presented for optical disk readout signal influenced by dust on the substrate. The noise due to dust has been modeled using geometrical optics and assuming the Poisson distribution for the dust particles. The noise power spectrum consists of two components: one comes from the effect of individual dust particles passing across the light beam, and the other comes from the effect of overlapping area of a particle and the inverted image of another particle. The feasibility of a thin-substrate optical disk was studied using this model. Dust will not have a serious effect on the readout signal when a 0.6 mm-thick substrate is used in place of the conventional 1.2 mm-thick substrate.     

基于多光谱遥感成像链模型的系统信噪比分析

信噪比(SNR)是评价多光谱遥感成像性能的重要指标,在设计多光谱遥感成像仪的最初阶段应进行分析,从而确定各分系统相关参数。多光谱遥感系统的成像链模型综合考虑辐射源、地物光谱反射、大气辐射传输、光学系统成像、分光元件特性、探测器光谱响应和相机噪声等各个环节,可用于进行成像过程端对端的完整分析。以基于滤光片阵列的多光谱遥感系统为例,采用MODTRAN软件进行大气辐射传输计算,对不同太阳天顶角下,不同目标地物计算像面的照度,根据电荷耦合器件探测器的噪声模型,计算出不同工作条件下多光谱遥感系统的SNR。通过对SNR的分析,可给出该类型多光谱遥感系统获得最佳性能的工作条件,并能够结合使用要求进行光学系统参数的优化选择。     

激光测距仪信噪比与激光发散角最佳值的选取

研讨激光测距仪的信噪比和激光发散角如何选取最佳值的问题。如果信噪比为SNR，激光发散角为θt，则取SNR θt^2最小时的信噪比和激光发散角为最佳值。     

大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪光谱信噪比研究

大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪获取图谱数据立方体的过程包含干涉仪调制、探测器矩形函数卷积采样和光谱反演,其光谱信噪比评估模型复杂。从光谱能量调制、采样、反演的完整传输过程入手,根据探测器矩形卷积采样原理,采用离散傅里叶变换取实部的光谱反演方法,进行信号与噪声的理论推导,建立了大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪光谱信噪比评估模型。考虑了与波数相关的光学系统透过率、干涉仪分束面效率、探测器量子效率等仪器设计参数和主要电路噪声参数,进行了光谱信噪比仿真计算。利用LASIS仪器进行了光谱信噪比实验测试,测试结果与模型仿真计算结果平均偏差为3.58%,单谱段信噪比趋势基本吻合,验证了评估模型的正确性。评估模型中包含了典型LASIS成像光谱仪由输入光谱辐射到输出光谱数据的各项主要技术环节,在信噪比计算公式中带入干涉仪分束面干涉效率、探测器矩形采样方式等因素对仪器光谱信噪比的影响算子,并利用实际仪器进行了实验验证,对提高LASIS成像光谱仪工程设计水平具有指导意义。     

Theoretical Analysis of Photon-Mode Super-Resolution Optical Memory Using Saturable Absorption Dye

The possibility of a super-resolution optical memory using a saturable absorption dye mask layer is theoretically discussed. An equation which estimates the transmittance change of the mask layer has been derived. The numerical simulation shows that an efficient super-resolution is performed when the initial optical density of the mask layer is high.     

Signal-to-noise ratio of Raman signal measured by multichannel detectors

Raman spectroscopy has been widely used to characterize the physical properties of two-dimensional materials(2 DMs). The signal-to-noise ratio(SNR or S/N ratio) of Raman signal usually serves as an important indicator to evaluate the instrumental performance rather than Raman intensity itself. Multichannel detectors with outstanding sensitivity, rapid acquisition speed and low noise level have been widely equipped in Raman instruments for the measurement of Raman signal. In this mini-review, we first introduce the recent advances of Raman spectroscopy of 2 DMs. Then we take the most commonly used CCD detector and IGA array detector as examples to overview the various noise sources in Raman measurements and analyze their potential influences on SNR of Raman signal in experiments. This overview can contribute to a better understanding on the SNR of Raman signal and the performance of multichannel detector for numerous researchers and instrumental design for industry, as well as offer practical strategies for improving spectral quality in routine measurement.     

共焦扫描荧光显微镜的信噪比与信息量

在研制用于对厚的生物样品进行光学断层成像的共焦扫描荧光显微镜时，由于成像信号十分微弱及存在很强的多次散射作用，因此杂散光的抑制非常重要，而信噪比、信号背景比就成为决定能否获得高对比度、高分率图像的关键。运用光学信息量的概念，在已有的光学成像系统信息量计算、共焦扫描荧光显微镜信噪比及传递函数计算的基础上，详细分析了共焦扫描荧光显微镜信息量与信噪比等之间的定量关系。该关系表明，为了充分利用共焦扫描荧光显微镜的成像性能，必须选择适当的探测小孔。所得的结果对于共焦扫描荧光显微成像系统的研制有重要的实用价值。     

Dependence of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio for a Mixture of Coherent and Incoherent Sources on the Incoherent Source Spectral Profile

A semi-classical theory of photodetection noise for an optically amplified signal has been obtained and the explicit dependence of the photovoltage variance on the incoherent source spectral profile has been identified. The theoretical predictions have been compared with experimental results measured using a digital sampling oscilloscope for cases of a coherent source, an incoherent source, and a mixture of coherent and incoherent sources.     

白光频域光学相干层析检测方法

针对频域光学相干层析系统成像过程中产生的图像噪声,提出了一种干涉光谱解耦的方法。该方法通过消除干涉光谱中的直流项和自相关项,实现对图像去噪。利用白光作为光源,对聚苯乙烯单层薄膜进行成像实验,得到薄膜的一维深度图像以及二维层析图像。由二维层析图像可以清晰的获取薄膜的内部微观结构及表面形貌信息。实验结果表明,该检测方法可有效消除薄膜的图像噪声,提高图像信噪比和对比度。     

改善光源光谱特性提高光学多道分析器用于吸收光谱测量的信噪比

本文报道通过改善热辐射光源光谱特性,相对提高短波辐射光强,以提高ＣＣＤ光学多道分析器在可见区特别是短波段吸收光谱的信噪比。改善后光源的短波辐射信噪比比一般热辐射光源提高约８倍。实验证实用此光源易在整个可见光区得到高信噪比的吸收光谱曲线。     

实用型模块化成像光谱仪多光谱图像的信噪比估算及压缩方法研究

采用局部标准差法和去相关法对实用型模块化成像光谱仪多光谱图像的信噪比进行估算。这两种方法已将地物变化的影响降低到很低的程度。这样在大气订正后，图像的信噪比性能充分反映出遥感仪器的信噪比性能。针对图像压缩，提出控制各波段恢复图像的峰值信噪比刚好大于原始图像的信噪比，使由压缩算法本身所带来的噪声限制在原始图像的噪声范围之内。结合这种压缩思想，用基于离散余弦变换和基于离散小波变换的压缩算法，对实用型模块化成像光谱仪多光谱图像进行压缩。实验表明，利用这种方法，对于高信噪比的波段，图像信息得到了保真；对低信噪比的波段，压缩倍数提高迅速且恢复图像视觉无失真，对整幅成像光谱图像，压缩性能提升显著——当压缩比等于37．95倍时，峰值信噪比等于45．86dB。     

基于半导体光放大器的干涉型器件中噪声特性的分析

分析了基于半导体光放大器(SOA)的干涉仪分别处于“开”、“关”两种工作状态时的输出信噪比及噪声指数,发现当干涉仪处于“开”态时输出信噪比有所恶化,并导出了附加噪声因子的表达式。实验结果进一步证明了理论分析的正确性。