L-半胱胺尾式卟啉铜(Ⅱ)修饰金电极检测苯酚

将制备的L-半胱胺卟啉铜(Ⅱ) (CuL) 配合物自组装在Au电极表面,获得电化学苯酚传感器(CuL/Au).在pH 7.0的磷酸盐缓冲液(PBS)中于-0.4 V～0.5 V (vs. SCE)电位范围内有一对氧化还原峰,峰电位分别为Epa = 0.09 V和Epc = - 0.06 V.实验结果表明CuL能够催化氧化苯酚,通过产物在电位0.1 V下的电化学响应对苯酚进行测定.该电极对苯酚表现出快速的响应(响应时间＜10 s).传感器对苯酚的测定具有较宽的线性范围(5.0×10-7 mol·L-1～2.5×10-4 mol·L-1),检出限为2.0×10-7 mol·L-1.该电极用于地表水中苯酚含量检测,并与标准方法4-氨基安替比林分光光度法作了对照,结果满意.     

铜卟啉-L-半胱氨酸自组装复合膜修饰电极的制备及电化学性能研究

利用电化学扫描法在L 半胱氨酸(Cys)自组装单分子膜修饰金电极表面现场制备了金属卟啉复合膜,对其进行SEM和ATR FTIR表征。修饰电极的支持电解质以及pH值对膜的稳定性和灵敏度有很大影响。铜卟啉 L Cys膜对H2O2具有良好的电催化还原特性,催化电流与H2O2浓度在1 0×10 6到3 0×10 5mol·L 1范围内线性关系,相关系数0 9995,检测限达1 0×10 7mol·L 1。     

乙酰半胱氨铜自组装修饰金电极作为生物传感器测定一氧化氮

将铜离子共价键合到自组装在Au电极表面的乙酰半胱胺单分子层上,获得了乙酰半胱胺铜自组装单分子膜修饰电极(CuACYS CME),研究了它的电化学性质,并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),X射线荧光仪(XRFS),X射线光电子能仪(XPS)以及循环伏安法(CV)对该电极表面进行了表征。在pH 3.0时,循环伏安图显示Cu修饰层存在一对氧化还原峰,其峰电位分别为Vp1a=246 mV,Vp1c=101 mV(vs.SCE)。它的表面电子转移系数α为0.52,速率常数Ks=0.04 s-1,表面覆盖度Γ=1.2×10-10mol/cm2,属于单分子层吸附。在pH 2.0~5.0的NaAc底液中,该电极对NO的还原有催化作用,pH 3.0时NO的还原过电位为VpcⅡ=-672 mV,较在裸电极上(-1.1V)降低了约600 mV,采用示差脉冲伏安法(DPV)测定催化电流与NO的浓度在3.1×10-9~4.7×10-8mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系。NO催化还原过程的异相电子转移速率常数为3.12×10-3cm/s。     

L-半胱氨酸自组装膜修饰电极对对氨基酚电催化氧化及其分析应用

在裸金电极上制备了L 半胱氨酸自组装膜修饰电极(L Cys/AuSAMs),研究了对氨基酚(p AP)在L Cys/AuSAMs上的电化学行为,发现该膜电极对p AP的氧化具有良好的电催化作用。氧化峰电位降低了128mV,测得p AP的扩散系数D为1.27×10-6cm2·s-1,初步探讨了电催化机理。采用水平衰减全反射 傅立叶变换红外光谱(ATR FTIR)技术对L Cys/AuSAMs进行了表征;方波伏安法(SquareWaveVoltammetry,SWV)测定p AP,其氧化峰峰电流与p AP浓度在1.0×10-8～8.0×10-8mol·L-1和1.0×10-7～2.0×10-4mol·L-1范围内呈线性关系,相关系数分别为0.9978和0.9977,检出限为2.0×10-9mol·L-1。该电极用于模拟废水样的测定,结果满意。     

Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)修饰玻碳电极对对硝基苯酚的电化学检测北大核心CSCD

本实验采用水热法合成了Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)纳米粒子,并将其滴涂至玻碳电极(GCE)上形成Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)修饰电极,通过循环伏安法(CV)和差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)测试了修饰电极的电化学性能,并用于检测水中的对硝基苯酚。研究了Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)的修饰量、电解质缓冲溶液的pH值和扫描速率对修饰电极的电催化性能的影响。研究结果表明,在优化的实验条件下,经Co_(3)V_(2)O_(8)修饰过的电极对对硝基苯酚表现出优异的检测性能,其线性范围和检出限分别为0.33~3000μmol·L^(-1)和0.08μmol·L^(-1)。该修饰电极具有良好的选择性、重复性与稳定性,应用于实际水样目标物的检测,回收率在95.7%~102.7%之间。     

基于有序介孔碳/纳米金/L-半胱氨酸修饰电极测定铜(Ⅱ)

将纳米金(NG)电沉积在有序介孔碳(OMC)修饰玻碳电极表面,并将L-半胱氨酸(L-Cys)自组装至OM C/NG修饰电极表面,制备了OM C/NG/L-Cys修饰电极。采用透射电子显微镜考察了OM C的结构,扫描电子显微镜研究了OMC/NG/L-Cys修饰电极的表面形貌。考察了Cu2+在该修饰电极上的电化学行为,优化了Cu2+的测定条件。在最优条件下,溶出峰峰电流与Cu2+浓度在0.05~6.0μmol/L范围内呈良好线性关系,检出限为0.03μmol/L(S/N=3)。方法用于河水样品分析,其加标回收率在92.7%~101.6%之间。     

L-半胱氨酸自组装修饰金电极-不可逆双安培测定阿魏酸

在裸金电极上制备了L-半胱氨酸自组装膜金修饰电极(L-Cys/SAM-Au/CME),将自组装膜修饰电极用于不可逆双安培体系,利用阿魏酸在L-Cys/SAM-Au/CME上的氧化和KMnO4在裸金电极上的还原,构建双安培检测新体系,建立了在外加电压为0V条件下,流动注射双安培法直接测定阿魏酸的新方法。在0.05mol/LH2SO4溶液中,该氧化峰峰电流与阿魏酸浓度在5.0×10-7~8.0×10-5mol/L范围内呈线性关系(r=0.9961,n=10),其线性回归方程为i(nA)=4.16×107C 50,在1.0×10-4~1.0×10-3mol/L范围内呈线性关系(r=0.9955,n=5),其线性回归方程为i(nA)=5.6×106C 300,检出限为1.2×10-7mol/L。连续测定2.0×10-5mol/L阿魏酸溶液25次,电流值RSD为1.20%,进样频率为80样/h。该方法具有较宽的线性范围、较高的选择性和灵敏度,样品处理方法简单快速,适于在线分析。对阿魏酸钠盐注射液中阿魏酸的测定结果满意。     

对位取代四苯基卟啉铜(II)的生成动力学及其它金属离子的影响

本文用Shimadzu UV-240紫外可见分光光度计对Cu(Ⅱ)与对位取代四苯基卟啉H_2(p-X)TPP(X=NO_2, (Cl,H,CH_3,OCH_3)在二甲亚砜溶剂中的生成动力学及镉(Ⅱ)离子对该反应的催化作用进行了系统研究, 提出了反应机理, 并观察了Hg(Ⅱ)、Pb(Ⅱ)等其它金属离子对此反应的影响。发现反应速率常数及平衡常数与Hammett取代常数σ值之间呈现良好的直线自由能关系。     

4-巯基吡啶自组装修饰金电极的电化学性质及对抗坏血酸的测定

研究了 4 巯基吡啶自组装膜 (SAM)修饰金电极的制备及其电化学性质 ,并用于抗坏血酸 (AA)的测定。在pH 3.0盐酸 邻苯二甲酸氢钾缓冲溶液中 ,AA在SAM修饰金电极上产生一灵敏的氧化峰 ,峰电流与AA浓度在 4 .0× 10 - 6 ～ 1.0× 10 - 3mol L范围内呈良好的线性关系 ,检出限为 2 .7× 10 - 6 mol L ,相关系数为0 9978。该电极对多巴胺 (DA)有排斥作用 ,重现性良好 ,可用于AA的灵敏测定。     

钌(ⅱ)酞菁自组装半胱胺酸电化学传感器

金电极;自组装单分子层;电催化;钌(ⅱ)酞菁;半胱胺酸     

氧化锌有序结构在Au(111)和Cu(111)上的生长

利用NO₂或O₂作为氧化剂,研究了氧化锌在Au(111)和Cu(111)上的生长和结构。NO₂表现了更好的氧化性能,有利于有序氧化锌纳米结构或薄膜的生长。在Au(111)和Cu(111)这两个表面上,化学计量比氧化锌都形成非极性的平面化ZnO(0001)的表面结构。在Au(111)上,NO₂气氛下室温沉积锌倾向于形成双层氧化锌纳米结构;而在更高的沉积温度下,在NO₂气氛中沉积锌则可同时观测到单层和双层氧化锌纳米结构。O₂作为氧化剂时可导致形成亚化学计量比的ZnO_x结构。由于铜和锌之间的强相互作用会促进锌的体相扩散,并且铜表面可以被氧化形成表面氧化物,整层氧化锌在Cu(111)上的生长相当困难。我们通过使用NO₂作为氧化剂解决了这个问题,生长出了覆盖Cu(111)表面的满层有序氧化锌薄膜。这些有序氧化锌薄膜表面显示出莫尔条纹,表明存在一个ZnO和Cu(111)之间的莫尔超晶格。实验上观察到的超晶格结构与最近理论计算提出的Cu(111)上的氧化锌薄膜结构相符,具有最小应力。我们的研究表明,氧化锌薄膜的表界面结构可能会随氧化程度或氧化剂的不同而变化,而Cu(111)的表面氧化也可能影响氧化锌的生长。当Cu(111)表面被预氧化成铜表面氧化物时,ZnO_x的生长模式会发生变化,锌原子会受到铜氧化物晶格的限域形成单位点锌。我们的研究表明了氧化锌的生长需要抑制锌向金属基底的扩散,并阻止亚化学计量比ZnO_x的形成。因此,使用原子氧源有利于在Au(111)和Cu(111)表面上生长有序氧化锌薄膜。     

HCOO在Cu(110)、Ag(110)和Au(110)表面的吸附

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)以及广义梯度近似方法(GGA)计算了甲酸根(HCOO)在Cu(110)、Ag(110)和Au(110)表面的吸附. 计算结果表明, 短桥位是最稳定的吸附位置, 计算的几何参数与以前的实验和计算结果吻合. 吸附热顺序为Cu(110)(-116 kJ·mol-1)>Ag(110)(-57 kJ·mol-1)>Au(110)(-27 kJ·mol-1), 与实验上甲酸根的分解温度相一致. 电子态密度分析表明, 吸附热顺序可以用吸附分子与金属d-带之间的Pauli 排斥来关联, 即排斥作用越大, 吸附越弱. 另外还从计算的吸附热数据以及实验上HCOO的分解温度估算了反应CO2+1/2H2→HCOO的活化能, 其大小顺序为Au(110)>Ag(110)>Cu(110).     

Electrochemical performance of a three-layer electrode based on Bi nanoparticles,multi-walled carbon nanotube composites for simultaneous Hg(II) and Cu(II) detection

Electrochemical analysis is a promising technique for detecting biotoxic and non-biodegradable heavy metals. This article proposes a novel composite electrode based on a polyaniline (PANi) framework doped with bismuth nanoparticle@graphene oxide multi-walled carbon nanotubes (Bi NPs@GO-MWCNTs) for the simultaneous detection of multiple heavy metal ions. Composite electrodes are prepared on screen-printed electrodes (SPCEs) using an efficient dispensing technique. We used a SM200SX-3A dispenser to load a laboratory-specific ink with optimized viscosity and adhesion to draw a pattern on the work area. The SPCE was used as substrate to facilitate cost-effective and more convenient real-time detection technology. Electrochemical techniques, such as cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry, were used to demonstrate the sensing capabilities of the proposed sensor. The sensitivity, limit of detection, and linear range of the PANi-Bi NPs@GO-MWCNT electrode are 2.57 × 10² μA L μmol⁻¹ cm⁻², 0.01 nmol/L, and 0.01 nmol/L–5 mmol/L and 0.15 × 10⁻¹ μA L μmol⁻¹ cm⁻², 0.5 nmol/L, and 0.5 nmol/L–5 mmol/L for mercury ion (Hg(II)) and copper ion (Cu(II)) detection, respectively. In addition, the electrode exhibits a good selectivity and repeatability for Hg(II) and Cu(II) sensing when tested in a complex heavy metal ion solution. The constructed electrode system exhibits a detection performance superior to similar methods and also increases the types of heavy metal ions that can be detected. Therefore, the proposed device can be used as an efficient sensor for the detection of multiple heavy metal ions in complex environments.     

Spectroscopic evaluation of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes derived from thiosemicarbazone and semicarbazone

Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes were synthesized with thiosemicarbazone (L(1)) and semicarbazone (L(2)) derived from 2-acetyl furan. These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductance, magnetic moment, mass, IR, electronic and EPR spectral studies. The molar conductance measurement of the complexes in DMSO corresponds to non-electrolytic nature. All the complexes are of high-spin type. On the basis of different spectral studies six coordinated geometry may be assigned for all the complexes except Co(L)(2)(SO(4)) and Cu(L)(2)(SO(4)) [where L=L(1) and L(2)] which are of five coordinated square pyramidal geometry.     

Synthesis and characterization of Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) coordination polymers containing bis(imidazolyl) ligands

Two structurally related flexible imidazolyl ligands, bis(N-imidazolyl)methane (L₁) and 1,4-bis(N-imidazolyl)butane (L₂), were reacted with Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) salts of aliphatic/aromatic dicarboxylic acids resulting in the formation of a number of novel metal–organic coordination architectures, [CuB₂(ox)₂(L₁)₂(H₂O)₂] · 4H₂O (1) (ox = oxalate), [Cu(pdc)(L₂)_1.5] · 4H₂O (2, pdc = pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylate), [Co(L)₂(H₂O)₂](tp) · 4H₂O (3, tp = terephthalate), [Ni(L₁)₂(H₂O)₂](ip) · 5H₂O (4, ip = isophthalate), [Cu₂(L₁)₄(H₂O)₄](tp)₂ · 7H₂O (5), [Co(mal)(L₁)(H₂O)] · 0.5MeOH (6, mal = malonate), [Co(pdc)(L₁)(H₂O)] (7). All the complexes have been structurally characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis. The different coordination modes of the dicarboxylate anions, due to their chain length, rigidity and diimidazolyl functionality, lead to a wide range of different coordination structures. The coordination polymers exhibit 1D single chain, ladder, 2D sheet and 2D network structures. The aliphatic and aromatic dicarboxylates can adopt chelating μ₂ and chelating-bridging μ₃ coordination modes, or act as uncoordinated counter anions. The central metal ions are coordinated in N₂O₄, N₄O₂, N₂O₃ and N₃O₃ fashions, depending on the ancillary ligands. The topology of 1 gives rise to macrocycles which are connected through hydrogen bonds to form 1D chains, whereas compound 2 exhibits a 1D polymeric ladder in which the carboxylate acts as a pincer ligand. Compounds 3–5 show doubly bridged 1D chains, and the dicarboxylate groups are not coordinated but form 2D corrugated sheets with water molecules intercalated between the cationic layers. Compound 6 has a 2D network sheet structure in which each metal ion links three neighboring Co atoms by the bis(N-imidazolyl)methane ligand. The cobalt compound 7, with a 2D polymeric double sheet structure, is built from pincer carboxylate (pdc) and 1,4-bis(N-imidazolyl)methane ligands.     

Selenophilicity of Copper in Selenium-Carbon Bond Formation from Selenous Acid Using Cu(II)/Sn(II) Reagent

A selenium transfer reaction from selenous acid to benzyl and alkyl halides is initiated in the presence of stannous chloride and a catalytic amount of cupric chloride resulting in the formation of the corresponding diorganoselenides and/or diorganodiselenides as the major products as indicated by ¹ H, ¹³ C, ⁷⁷ Se NMR, and MS. The reaction is characterized by a dual-metal effect at the selenium activation and transfer step. Thus, initial reaction of stannous chloride, cupric chloride, and selenous acid gives rise to α-Cu ₂ Se. Selenium transfer from the latter to the organic halide takes place with additional assistance of stannous chloride.     

Thermal behavior of Cu(II)-, Cd(II)-, and Hg(II)-exchanged montmorillonite complexedwith cysteine

The thermal behavior of montmorillonite and organically modified montmorillonite, both treated with heavy metal cations [Cu(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II)], was characterized via thermal analyses (TG, DTG and DTA) combined with evolved species gas mass spectrometry (MS-EGA), and X-ray diffraction at in situ controlled temperature (HTXRD). The reactions involving Cu(II)- and Cd(II)-montmorillonite samples are mostly related to H₂O and OH loss, unlike Hg(II)-montmorillonite, where effects associated to Hg(II) loss are also present. Finally reactions related to dehydration, dehydroxylation and to organic matter decomposition can be observed in montmorillonite samples treated with cysteine.     

Hetero-binuclear chelates of Mn(II), Co(II) and Cu(II) o-cresolphthalein complexonates with other metal ions

Heterobinuclear metal chelates of Mn²⁺, Co²⁺ or Cu²⁺ and some transition metal ions with o-cresolphthalein complexone have been prepared and characterized. Elemental analyses are in agreement with proposed formulae. Thermal analyses (TGA and DTA) were used to determine the degradation products; some thermodynamic parameters were calculated. IR and UV-Vis spectra identified the mode of bonding between the metal ions and the ligand as well as its geometry. Magnetic moment determination and ESR spectra of the heterobinuclear complex revealed some antiferromagnetic interaction between the metal ions, which depends mainly on the two metal ions forming the chelate. Electrochemical studies of the complexes [DC-polarography and cyclic voltammetry (CV)] confirmed the existence and the nature of the metal ions in the chelate.     

Simultaneous kinetic spectrophotometric determination of Cu(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) using partial least squares (PLS) regression

A partial least squares (PLS-1) calibration model based on kinetic—spectrophotometric measurement, for the simultaneous determination of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) ions is described. The method was based on the difference in the rate of the reaction between Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions with 1-(2-pyridylazo)2-naphthol in a pH 5.8 buffer solution and in micellar media at 25°C. The absorption kinetic profiles of the solutions were monitored by measuring the absorbance at 570 nm at 2 s intervals during the time range of 0–10 min after initiation of the reaction. The experimental calibration matrix for the partial least squares (PLS-1) model was designed with 30 samples. The cross-validation method was used for selecting the number of factors. The results showed that simultaneous determination could be performed in the range 0.1-2 μg mL⁻¹ for each cation. The proposed method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) ions in water and in synthetic alloy samples.