谷胱甘肽的宽频太赫兹光谱研究

谷胱甘肽(Glutathione)的构型构象对其发挥生物学功能具有重要意义。本研究利用空气等离子体太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS)获得了还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)和氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSSG)在0.5～12.0 THz波段的吸收光谱,结果表明,GSH在太赫兹波段有丰富的特征吸收峰,而GSSG呈现单调无特征的吸收曲线。粉末X射线衍射(PXRD)结果表明,GSH具有一定的晶型结构而GSSG为无定形态,提示太赫兹光谱对物质晶体结构有敏感响应。利用密度泛函理论(DFT)对GSH晶胞结构进行计算和太赫兹振动光谱分析,结果表明,GSH分子能形成丰富的氢键,这些氢键网络有助于约束柔性肽分子并使分子有序地堆叠形成晶体。晶格和氢键与太赫兹波作用产生共振吸收,GSH的太赫兹光谱中不同吸收峰对应分子不同集体振动或局域振动,并且与氢键的振动密切相关。本研究结果有助于加深GSH分子构型构象和分子弱相互作用的认识。     

L-苏氨酸铜(Ⅱ)超分子配合物的合成、晶体结构及性质

合成了L-苏氨酸铜(Ⅱ)超分子配合物[Cu(C4H8NO3)2].H2O,通过元素分析、红外、差热-热重、紫外光谱和单晶结构对其结构进行确认。该化合物由1个Cu(Ⅱ)离子、2个L-苏氨酸阴离子和1分子结晶水组成,其中氨基酸的羧基氧原子及氨基氮原子与铜(Ⅱ)离子配位,形成六配位拉长八面体构型,单胞之间通过分子间氢键构成三维网状超分子体系。配合物在水溶液中的紫外吸收波长为233nm,固态荧光发射之间通过分子间氢键构成三维网状超分子体系。配合物在水溶液中的紫外吸收波长为233nm,固态荧光发射出现在357nm。电化学行为显示,配合物在玻碳电极上为不可逆的氧化还原过程,反应过程受扩散控制。     

萘醌及其衍生物的太赫兹时域光谱研究

用太赫兹(THz)时域光谱技术研究了室温条件下的萘醌及其衍生物1,2-萘醌、1,2-萘醌-4-磺酸钠、甲萘醌、白花丹素、胡桃醌的光谱特征,得到了各自的吸收谱和折射率。结果表明,萘醌及其衍生物在此波段有不同的吸收特征,利用太赫兹时域光谱能够鉴别分子结构存在微小差别的化合物。在对样品的吸收谱进行比较的基础上,讨论了分子结构和分子间晶格振动与THz光谱特征吸收的关系。     

含硫氨基酸的太赫兹光谱

利用太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS)技术研究室温条件下多晶含硫氨基酸L-蛋氨酸(Met)和L-半胱氨酸(Cys)的光谱特性, 得到相应的吸收谱和折射率谱, 表明含硫氨基酸在THz波段具有区别于其它氨基酸的显著特征. 在实验测量的有效光谱范围0.2～2.8 THz内, L-蛋氨酸的THz吸收峰分别位于1.06, 1.88和2.70 THz; L-半胱氨酸的吸收峰分别位于1.40, 1.70, 2.33和2.61 THz, 两种氨基酸的平均折射率均为1.44. 利用GAUSSIAN 03软件包中的Hartree-Fock理论计算了蛋氨酸双分子的低频振动谱, 表明了与蛋氨酸各吸收峰对应的分子微观振动模式, 并对实验光谱进行了解析讨论.     

两种半乳糖醇氯化钆配合物的制备与表征

与羟基配位是金属离子的一种重要的存在形式. 我们得到了两种半乳糖醇氯化钆配合物, 其中一种为金属离子与配体为2:1的配合物,钆离子与半乳糖醇的三个羟基及六个水分子配位, 其它水分子以结晶水的形式存在, 氯离子不参加配位;另一种配合物根据红外, 元素分析, 差热热重, 远红外以及太赫兹光谱推测可能是钆离子与两个半乳糖醇分子的六个羟基以及三个水分子配位, 形成1:1配合物. 实验结果说明半乳糖醇与稀土离子之间可以形成多种配合物, 金属离子与糖的羟基存在着复杂的相互作用.     

两个基于氮、膦混合配体的铜(Ⅰ)配合物的合成、光谱学性质和太赫兹时域光谱

在甲醇和二氯甲烷的混合溶剂中合成了2个新的铜(1)配合物,[Cu(bdppmapy)(2,2′-bipy)]BF4(1)和[Cu(bdppmapy)(2,2′-bipy)]I (2)(bdppmapy=N,N-二苯基膦甲基-2-氨基吡啶,2,2′-bipy=2,2′-联吡啶),通过X射线单晶衍射、元素分析、核磁共振氢谱、磷谱、荧光光谱和太赫兹时域光谱对2个配合物进行了分析和表征。1是由[Cu(CH3CN)4]BF4,bdppmapy和2,2′-bipy以1∶1∶1的比例混合得到的单核配合物。中心Cu(1)离子通过与双膦配体(bdppmapy)以及含氮配体(2,2′-bipy)的螯合作用形成变形四面体结构。与1相似,2由CuI,bdppmapy和2,2′-bipy以1∶1∶1的比例混合得到。在配合物2的非对称单元中,bdppmapy和2,2′-bipy配体分别与中心铜(1)离子螯合。荧光光谱表明所有的发射峰均源于金属-配体的荷移跃迁(MLCT)。太赫兹时域光谱的应用也为配合物研究提供了有用的信息。     

两个含双膦配体和[2,3-f]吡嗪并[1,10]菲咯啉的Cu髣配合物的合成、结构及光谱学性质（英文）

合成了2个新的铜髣配合物,[Cu(dppBz)(dpq)]ClO_4(1)和[Cu(dppe)(dpq)]ClO4(2)(dppBz=1,2-双(二苯基膦)苯,dppe=1,2-双(二苯基膦)乙烷,dpq=[2,3-f]吡嗪并[1,10]菲咯啉),通过X射线单晶衍射分析、元素分析、红外光谱、紫外吸收光谱、荧光光谱、核磁共振光谱和太赫兹时域光谱对其进行了分析和表征。1的中心Cu髣离子通过二亚胺配体和双膦配体共同螯合形成变形四面体结构,2的结构与1类似。配合物2的发光光谱表明它的发光具有金属-配体电荷转移(MLCT)特性。对配合物1和2在0.2～2.8 THz范围内进行了太赫兹时域光谱分析,结果表明0.40～0.90 THz的吸收与中心Cu髣离子的配位有关。     

L-和DL-福多司坦的太赫兹光谱分析

利用太赫兹时域光谱技术(THz-TDS)在室温下对L-福多司坦和DL-福多司坦进行测量,发现L-和DL-福多司坦在THz波段都有特征吸收峰,且两者的吸收谱有明显差异.运用密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法计算了L-和DL-福多司坦在太赫兹波段的吸收谱,并对L-和DL-福多司坦的特征吸收峰进行了指认,理论计算与实验结果基本吻合.此外,还对福多司坦胶囊成品药进行了测量,发现该胶囊的吸收谱与L-福多司坦非常吻合,证明胶囊药的主要成分为L-福多司坦.这项研究对手性物质的检测以及化合物有效成分的鉴别有一定的参考作用.     

咪唑修饰的卟啉及其锌、铜配合物的合成和非线性光学性质

合成了一种新型咪唑修饰的卟啉(1)及其锌、铜配合物(2、3). 通过核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱、傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱、电喷雾质谱(ESI-MS)及元素分析等多种谱学方法对其结构进行表征. 卟啉环流效应对侧链咪唑芳环的影响导致咪唑环上三个氢原子的化学位移向高场移动, 且卟啉的紫外-可见光谱的Soret带发生裂分. 采用分子模拟方法得到的自由卟啉最低能量构象与光谱分析结果一致, 即侧链咪唑环位于卟啉环上方. 同时, 利用Z-扫描技术对卟啉及其锌、铜配合物的三阶非线性光学性质进行了研究, 结果表明: 卟啉及其锌、铜配合物均具有很强的反饱和吸收性质, 且铜卟啉的非线性光学性质强于锌卟啉的.     

大黄酸铜(Ⅱ)配合物与血清白蛋白的相互作用

采用荧光光谱法和紫外光谱法研究了大黄酸铜配合物与牛血清白蛋白之间的相互作用.大黄酸铜配合物能显著猝灭牛血清白蛋白的内源荧光并以静态猝灭为主;计算了298 K和309 K温度下结合常数、结合位点,根据热力学参数判断大黄酸铜配合物与牛血清白蛋白之间具有较强的疏水作用力;依据F?rster的偶极-偶极非辐射能量转移理论,计算出大黄酸铜在蛋白质中结合位置与色氨酸残基间的距离为3.21 nm, 表明大黄酸铜的部分片段能够插入蛋白质分子内部;用同步荧光光谱和圆二色光谱技术探讨了大黄酸铜对牛血清白蛋白构象的影响.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.