KCl:OH-中O2-色心实验研究

通过调制吸收光谱和电子自旋共振(ESR)谱的测量得知,在被高能射线辐照前后,KCl:OH^-中氧的成分主要以O₂^-的形式存在。O₂^-在样品中的浓度随辐照时间增加而增加,直至(OH)^-完全被辐照分解。O₂^-有相当强的稳定性。其存在与产生过程对增加F₂⁺激光色心的稳定性无直接作用。本文还根据ES 关键词：     

关于氧化锌/双吡啶高氯酸盐非均相光诱导电子转移过程的研究

用ESR方法对9种不同双吡啶高氯酸盐与氧化锌组成的非均相体系的光诱导电子转移过程进行了系统的研究。ZnO-PQ⁺⁺-胶束-苯的分散系,经350nm~420nm的紫外光照后,PQ⁺⁺被还原成PQ⁺。具有大共轭结构的PQ⁺的ESR信号较强。胶束的存在也可使ESR信号增强。当体系充氧时,PQ⁺信号消失,并有超氧阴离子基O₂^·和羟基·OH被检出。     

多相氧载体CoO-MgO和氧分子作用的ESR研究

用ESK研究多相氧载体CoO-MgO表面上氧的吸附作用,发现在77-150K温度范围内表面Co²⁺离子和O₂的结合是可逆的,吸附产生Co³⁺-O₂^-自由基加合物有超精细结构的ESR谱;当温度增加,吸附态O₂^-自由基发生转移并稳定在Mg²⁺离子上形成Mg²⁺-O₂^-自由基,文中着重讨论Co³⁺-O₂^-自由基的电子结构和成键本质,认为自由基是通过自旋成对的方式形成的,由于σ-л键作用引起的自旋极化以及由于电子离域作用而引起的偶极作用与ESR制的超精细结构线产生有关。     

γ辐照掺杂SiO2的ESR研究

分别掺有磷和硼的二氧化硅经γ辐照后产生多种顺磁性中心,ESR研究指出氧空穴O^-主要稳定在杂质离子附近.O₂^-自由基稳定在Si离子上.F心的研究认为氧缺位俘获电子存在一个动态平衡过程.     

用Na2O2-DMSO体系产生O2·的ESR研究

提出了Na₂O₂的二甲基亚砜(DMsO)/H₂O溶液中产生超氧阴离子自由基(O₂^·)的新方法,用电子自旋共振仪(ESR)可直接检测到很强的O₂^·信号,研究了反应的条件及其O₂^·信号的特性,并用该法考察了茶多酚等清除剂对于超氧阴离子自由基的清除作用。结果表明本体系是产生O₂^·的有效方法,可用于超氧阴离子自由基清除剂的研究。     

非均相电子转移的探讨

本文用ESR方法研究了六种新的双吡啶盐(PQ⁺⁺)与CdS的水及非水悬浮体系间的非均相光诱导单电子转移过程。结果表明,在λ<520nm的光照射下,CdS价带中的电子被激发至导带,再转移至PQ⁺⁺使之还原为PQ⁺⁺自由基,呈现明显的ESR信号。当体系中有电子给体EDTA存在时,有电子从EDTA转移至CdS价带的正空穴,价带中的电子吸收光子跃迁至导带再转移至PQ⁺⁺,以生成更多的PQ⁺⁺,从而使ESR信号大大增强。     

掺杂LiF的ESR谱和ENDOR谱研究

LiF:Mg,Cu热释光(TL)磷光体在γ辐照后产生F⁰顺磁中心,其g因子为g_xx=2.0030,g_yy=2.0450,g_zz=2.0251,裂分为A_xx=511.04G,A_yy=505.42G,A_zz=507.26G。F⁰中心的浓度随Mg⁺⁺浓度的增加而下降。磷光体的ENDOR谱显示F⁰中心附近有铜核存在。照射前和照射后24h测量均未发现Cu⁺⁺的ESR谱,表明铜是以Cu⁺形式掺入的,照射并未引起Cu⁺离子化合价的改变。LiF:Mg,Cu,P在γ辐照前具有轴对称的Cu⁺⁺离子的ESR谱,辐照后产生了O^-空穴中心和PO₃^2-自由基,改变了Cu⁺⁺的环境,使Cu⁺⁺的谱发     

AgNbO3/石墨烯复合材料的合成及其可见光催化甲基橙降解活性

采用固相法合成AgNbO₃/石墨烯复合纳米材料,利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)及紫外-可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis)对样品的形貌及光学性质进行了表征。研究发现,AgNbO₃与石墨烯复合后,带隙能明显降低,吸收光波长范围增大。以甲基橙溶液的降解为光催化模型反应评价了AgNbO₃/石墨烯复合纳米材料的可见光催化性能。结果表明:与纯AgNbO₃相比,AgNbO₃/石墨烯复合纳米材料对甲基橙的可见光催化性能明显增强。实验条件下,经300 ℃煅烧的AgNbO₃/石墨烯(2:1)复合纳米材料表现出最优的催化性能,它对甲基橙的可见光催化脱色速率系数约为纯AgNbO₃的10倍。光催化降解机理研究表明,促使甲基橙降解脱色的主要活性物种为·O₂^- 和 h⁺。     

TX-100胶束中光解蒽醌的TR-ESR研究

用时间分辨电子自旋共振(TRESR)波谱仪研究了光解蒽醌自由基的化学诱导动态电子极化(CIDEP).实验测量表明,在蒽醌/乙二醇/TX-100体系中,蒽半醌自由基AQH·有很强极化ESR信号,在激光激发后~0.8μs,检测到蒽醌负离子基AQ·^-的信号,表明AQH·自由基部分地离解为负离子基AQ·^-.     

电极过程自由基中间体的ESR研究——取代苯基重氮盐的电解还原

本文用自由基捕捉剂苯亚甲基叔丁基氮氧化物(PBN)与ESR相结合的方法研究了十种取代苯基重氮盐RC₆H₄N₂⁺BF₄^-(R=F,Cl,Br,NO₂,OCH₃及CH₃)在乙腈中电解还原产生的活泼自由基。结果表明:1.RC₆H₄N₂⁺BF₄^-电解还原时产生RC₆H₄自由基,并能被捕捉剂PBN所捕捉,以形成稳定的自由基加合物[RC₆H₄-PBN]^·。2.由[RC₆H₄-PBN]^·ESR谱的超精细裂分常数算出的二面角θ_β值大小与处于不同位置的给定取代基R的关系为:θ_β(O-R) < θ_β(m-R) < θ_β(P-R)     

二苯乙烯在CdS胶体界面和醇溶液中光氧化反应的ESR研究

采用ＥＳＲ方法研究了二苯乙烯在硫化镉超微纳米粒子界面光氧化过程产生的中间体及转化机理，并与均相直接光氧化和在甲基紫精存在下的光氧化进行了比较。结果表明，二苯乙烯的界面光氧化经历了超氧阴离子基和二苯乙烯正离子基的生成过程而且在ＣＤＳ胶粒表面有Ｈ原子的生成；羟基在Ｈ原子产生过程中起着重要的作用。     

酰胺化合物于金属修饰的TiO2粒子表面的光催化分解

用ESR方法研究了5种脂肪酰胺化合物在经金属银修饰后的二氧化钛微粒表面光诱导电子转移和有关光催化反应行为。结果发现经修饰过的与未修饰过的TiO₂粒子的光催化特性有极为明显的差别。当体系中无TiO₂存在时,只是甲酰胺有很微弱的反应,加合物(DMPO-CONH₂)·的信号被检出,而其它4种酰胺均无ESR信号。除碳中心自由基外,还有(DMPO-OH)·信号被检出,相同条件下,采用Ag-TiO₂时ESK信号明显增强,银用量为10%时比1%的更强。因此半导体TiO₂粒子表面进行银修饰后可显著提高光催化能力。     

用快速低温冷冻和ESK方法分析兔脂肪栓塞脑组织中自由基

用快速低温冷冻-ESR实验方法研究兔脂肪栓塞模型脑组织自由基的变化,实验发现脂肪栓塞实验组自由基相对浓度是正常对照组的2-3倍。ESR检测到脂类过氧化自由基和以碳为中心的烷基类自由基的事实表明脂肪栓塞病变存在活性氧自由基作用过程。文中对快速冷冻法可行性进行评估。     

用快速低温冷冻和ESK方法分析兔脂肪栓塞脑组织中自由基

用快速低温冷冻-ESR实验方法研究兔脂肪栓塞模型脑组织自由基的变化,实验发现脂肪栓塞实验组自由基相对浓度是正常对照组的2-3倍。ESR检测到脂类过氧化自由基和以碳为中心的烷基类自由基的事实表明脂肪栓塞病变存在活性氧自由基作用过程。文中对快速冷冻法可行性进行评估。     

Electron Spin Resonance Study on the Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Chlorophyll a in Reconstituted Lipid Bilayer Vesicles

Abstract  

The photoinduced electron transfer from chlorophyll a through the interface of positively charged dioctadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (DODAC), neutral dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and negatively charged dihexadecylphosphate (DHP) headgroup of the lipid bilayers was studied. The photoinduced radicals were identified by electron spin resonance (ESR) and radical yields of chlorophyll a were determined by double integration of the ESR spectra. The formation of vesicles was identified indirectly by measuring change of the λ _max value of optical absorption spectrophotometer from diethyl ether solution to vesicle solutions, and observed directly with scanning and transmission electron microscopic images. The interaction distance between chlorophyll a and interface water (D₂O) determined by deuterium modulation depth with electron spin echo modulation (ESEM) showed a decreasing order DODAC > DPPC > DHP. The interface charge of each vesicle was determined with zeta potential measurement. The interface charge of the lipid bilayers affected the radical yields of chlorophyll a more critically than the interaction distance between chlorophyll a and interface water.     

Evidence for the development of persistent carbon-centered radicals from a benzyl phenolic antioxidant: an electron paramagnetic resonance study

Radicals have been generated from the benzyl phenolic antioxidant 1,3,5-trimethyl-2,4,6-tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) benzene, carrying out oxidative and hydrogen abstraction reactions. Transient phenoxyl radicals were directly visualized but only persistent carbon-centered radicals were monitored by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The experimental EPR results let us rationalize our analysis as the sum of two different radicals. One, called the methylene radical, developed from the loss of a benzylic hydrogen gave place to a doublet of triplets witha _CH^H≅2.7 mT anda _PH^H=0.165 mT. Besides, the methyl radical, developed after an intramolecular hydrogen transfer involving a methyl group on the central aromatic ring of the molecule, formed a triplet of triplets, witha ₁^H around 0.060 mT anda ₂^H=0.169 mT. All the contact interactions were tested by EPR simulation of the experimental data.     

Pulse radiolysis studies of 2‐ and 3‐hydroxybenzyl alcohols: inhibition of dehydration of ·OH‐(hydroxybenzyl alcohols) adducts by H2PO4− ions

Reactions of ·OH/O ^.? radicals and H‐atoms as well as specific oxidants such as Cl₂^.? and N₃· radicals have been studied with 2‐ and 3‐hydroxybenzyl alcohols (2‐ and 3‐HBA) at various pH using pulse radiolysis technique. At pH 6.8, ·OH radicals were found to react quite fast with both the HBAs (k = 7.8 × 10⁹ dm³ mol^?1 s^?1 with 2‐HBA and 2 × 10⁹ dm³ mol^?1 s^?1 with 3‐HBA) mainly by adduct formation and to a minor extent by H‐abstraction from ? CH₂OH groups. ·OH‐(HBA) adduct were found to undergo decay to give phenoxyl type radicals in a pH dependent way and it was also very much dependent on buffer‐ion concentrations. It was seen that ·OH‐(2‐HBA) and ·OH‐(3‐HBA) adducts react with HPO₄^2? ions (k = 2.1 × 10⁷ and 2.8 × 10⁷ dm³ mol^?1 s^?1 at pH 6.8, respectively) giving the phenoxyl type radicals of HBAs. At the same time, this reaction is very much hindered in the presence of H₂PO ions indicating the role of phosphate ion concentration in determining the reaction pathway of ·OH adduct decay to final stable product. In the acidic region adducts were found to react with H⁺ ions. At pH 1, reaction of ·OH radicals with HBAs gave exclusively phenoxyl type radicals. Proportion of the reducing radicals formed by H‐abstraction pathway in ·OH/O ^.? reactions with HBAs was determined following electron transfer to methyl viologen. H‐atom abstraction is the major pathway in O ^.? reaction with HBAs compared to ·OH radical reaction. H‐atom reaction with 2‐ and 3‐HBA gave transient species which were found to transfer electron to methyl viologen quantitatively. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

ESR and ENDOR investigations of the degenerate electron exchange reactions of various viologens in solution. Solvent dynamical effects

The temperature dependences of the rates of the degenerate electron transfer of various viologens (1,1′-di(hydrocarbyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium salts) are measured in seven different solvents by means of electron spin resonance (ESR) line broadening. Rates vary between 1.7·10⁸ and 1.1·10⁹ M⁻¹s⁻¹ at room temperature and clearly show a solvent dynamical effect, which is inferred from the dependence of the rate constants on the longitudinal relaxation time of the solvent. Activation energies ranging from 5.3 to 24.4 kJ mol⁻¹ are found. For the first time, hyperfine coupling constants are reported for the radical cations of the hydroxyethyl viologen and the amino viologen based on both continuous-wave ESR and electron-nuclear double resonance spectroscopy. Furthermore, the temperature and the solvent dependence of the hyperfine coupling constants of the methyl viologen radical cation are reported.     

新型羟基和醌碳自由基产生的分子机理

羟基自由基（·OH）被公认是生物系统中最具活性的活性氧物种,能导致生物体内DNA等生物大分子氧化损伤. 目前,最被广泛接受的·OH的产生机理是过渡金属离子催化的Fenton反应. 五氯酚(PCP)是一种重要的生物杀灭剂,主要用作木材保护. 采用电子自旋共振二级自旋捕获等分析手段,发现H₂O₂和五氯酚的代谢产物之一四氯苯醌（TCBQ）能通过不依赖于金属离子的途径产生·OH;进一步的研究发现是TCBQ,而非其相应的半醌自由基对·OH的产生极其重要. 基于这些数据和分析,提出以下新型·OH产生分子机理：H₂O₂对TCBQ进行亲核攻击形成不稳定的三氯氢过氧基苯醌中间产物,其可均裂产生·OH. 综合采用电子自旋共振自旋捕获和其他分析方法,第1次检测到一种新型的以碳为中心的醌自由基.