镉—8—羟基喹啉络合物吸附波的研究

8-羟基喹啉(HOx)是许多金属有效的络合剂,其与金属络合物的极谱行为已有报道.镉的络合物吸附波体系已有不少报道,但镉与8-羟基喹啉络合物的极谱波尚未见报道.我们在试验中发现,镉在5×l0~（-2）mol·L~(-1)HCl-9.4×10~(-2)mol·L~(-1)HOAc-9.0×10~(-2)mol·L~(-1)NaOAc-5.O×10~（-4）mol·L~(-1)HOx溶液中,于-0.69V(vs.SCE)处出现一灵敏的络合物吸附波,峰电流与镉浓度在2.7×10~(-8)～8.9×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)范围内呈线性关系.检测下限为1.8×1O~(-8)mol·L~(-1).用极谱直线法求得Cd(Ⅱ)与HOx络合物的络合比为1:1.本法用于河水及污水中痕量镉的测定,效果理想,回收率在95%～104%之间.     

基于Ce（Ⅳ）-Ru（bpy）_3（2＋）化学发光体系测定盐酸雷诺嗪

在0.12mol·L~（-1）硫酸介质中,由1.0×10~（-3）mol·L~（-1）硫酸铈溶液与2.0×10~（-4）mol·L~（-1）Ru（bpy）_3~（2＋）溶液反应产生的化学发光强度因盐酸雷诺嗪的存在而明显增强。试验表明：盐酸雷诺嗪的质量浓度在0.1～2.0mg·L~（-1）及2.0～10.0mg·L~（-...     

银纳米粒子共振光散射光谱法测定痕量CTMAB

利用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)与银纳米粒子作用生成的聚集体,使体系的共振光散射(RLS)强度明显增强,建立了一种快速、简便的测定痕量CTMAB的RLS光谱法。考察了p H值,反应最佳时间,试剂加入顺序等因素对测定CTMAB的影响。实验结果表明,在p H值为10.88,作用时间为10 min,银纳米粒子浓度(以银原子计算)为2.5×10-3mol·L-1,按CTMAB、BR、银纳米粒子为添加顺序的条件下,测定CTMAB的线性范围为:5.0×10-9~5.0×10-7mol·L-1,检出限为3.8×10-9mol·L-1。该法用于合成样品中CTMAB的测定,灵敏度高,重现性好,结果准确。     

荧光光度法同时测定铽镝和钐

提出了以Tb(Dy,Sin)-Gd-BPMPHD-CTMAB共发光体系同时测定铽,镝和钐的方法.测定的线性范围为铽1.0×10~(-10)～1.O×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1),镝1.O×10~(-7)～1.3×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1),钐1.O×10~(-7)～8.0×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1).     

高效液相色谱法测定间硝基苯磺酸还原制备间氨基苯磺酸过程中的间氨基苯磺酸和间硝基苯磺酸

提出了测定间硝基苯磺酸还原制备间氨基苯磺酸生产过程中间氨基苯磺酸和间硝基苯磺酸的高效液相色谱法。采用kromasil C_(18)色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)分离,以0.10 mol·L~(-1)的磷酸二氢铵溶液为流动相,紫外检测波长为236 nm。间氨基苯磺酸和间硝基苯磺酸的线性范围分别为4.0×10~(-5)~2.4×10~(-4),8.0×10~(-5)~4.0×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1),检出限(3S/N)分别为1.5×10~(-6),3.5×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1),测定下限(10S/N)分别为5.0×10~(-6),1.0×10~(-5)mol·L~(-1)。加标回收率在95.3%~102%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在0.86%~2.6%之间。     

Nafion-多壁碳纳米管复合膜修饰玻碳电极测定岩白菜素的研究

研制了以Nafion分散多壁碳纳米管的化学修饰电极,研究了岩白菜素在该修饰电极上的电化学行为和电化学动力学性质.发现修饰电极对岩白菜素有显著的电催化作用,岩白菜素的氧化过程是单电子单质子过程,岩白菜素在该修饰电极上的扩散系数、速率常数分别为6.02×10~(-6) cm~2·s~(-1)、5.54×10~(-3) mol·L~(-1)·s~(-1). 通过优化各项参数,建立了一种直接测定岩白菜素的电分析方法.该方法的线性范围为1.44×10~(-7) ～1.92×10~(-6) mol·L~(-1)和4.18×10~(-5) ～1.06×10~(-4) mol·L~(-1),检出限为1.02×10~(-7) mol·L~(-1),同支电极测定10次的相对标准偏差为4.6%,可用于岩白菜素样品的含量测定.     

长春地辛在硫化铜纳米花/石墨烯修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为

通过改进的Hummers法和溶剂热法分别制备了石墨烯和硫化铜纳米花。采用滴涂法进一步依次将石墨烯和硫化铜纳米花修饰于玻碳电极,制备了硫化铜纳米花/石墨烯修饰玻碳电极(Nanoflower CuS/GR/GCE)。利用循环伏安法和差分脉冲伏安法等研究了长春地辛在该修饰电极的电化学行为。结果表明:长春地辛的浓度在1.0×10~(-8)~1.0×10~(-7) mol·L~(-1),1.0×10~(-7)~1.1×10~(-5) mol·L~(-1)及1.1×10~(-5)~1.0×10-4 mol·L~(-1)内与其对应的峰电流的减小量呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为4.9×10~(-9 )mol·L~(-1)。对1.0×10~(-6) mol·L~(-1)长春地辛标准溶液连续测定5次,测定值的相对标准偏差为1.2%。方法用于长春地辛药品样品的分析,加标回收率在97.1%~103%之间。     

预阳极化碳糊电极测定左旋多巴和叶酸的研究

本文用简单、快速的电化学预处理的方法制备了用于同时测定左旋多巴(LD)和叶酸(FA)的预阳极化碳糊电极(PACPE),利用循环伏安法研究了LD和FA在PACPE上的电化学行为。在pH=6.00.的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,LD和FA的浓度分别在5.0×10~(-7)~1.50×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1)和1.0×10~(-6)~1.50×10~(-4)mol·L~(-1)的范围内与它们的氧化峰电流具有良好线性关系。LD和FA的检出限(3σ/k)分别为为6.7×10~(-8)mol·L~(-1)和8.3×10~(-8)mol·L~(-1)。该电极具有良好的重现性和稳定性。该方法可用于药物制剂中LD和FA的测定,回收率分别为98.4~103.2%和97.2~103.6%。     

多壁碳纳米管-十二烷基苯磺酸钠修饰的碳糊电极为工作电极测定磺胺甲噁唑

取1g·L~(-1)多壁碳纳米管悬浮液2μL,滴涂在自制的碳糊电极表面,待溶剂挥发后即得多壁碳纳米管修饰的碳糊电极(MWCT-CPE)。再在其表面滴涂1g·L~(-1)十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液2μL,即制成MWCT-SDBS-CPE修饰电极。结果表明:碳糊电极经多壁碳纳米管和十二烷基苯磺酸钠修饰后,降低了电荷转移电阻,有利于电子传递。以0.005mol·L~(-1)硝酸钠为支持电解质,在pH 5.0的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中进行微分脉冲伏安法(DPV)测定时,该修饰碳糊电极对磺胺甲噁唑(SMZ)具有良好的电化学响应。SMZ的线性范围为2.0×10~(-9)~1.0×10~(-7) mol·L~(-1)和1.0×10~(-7)~1.0×10~(-5) mol·L~(-1),方法的检出限为1.0×10~(-9) mol·L~(-1)。对6.0×10~(-6) mol·L~(-1)SMZ标准溶液连续测定5次,测定值的相对标准偏差为4.9%。     

金纳米簇荧光探针对盐酸小檗碱测定研究

以HAuCl_4为原料,2-巯基苯并噻唑为稳定剂,D-甘露糖为还原剂,在80Hz的超声波下制备了水溶性金纳米簇(AuNCs)。盐酸小檗碱通过氢键作用使AuNCs团聚,荧光强度降低,据此建立了AuNCs作为探针检测盐酸小檗碱的新方法。测定盐酸小檗碱的最佳条件为:pH=7乙酸缓冲溶液,1mL吐温20(1∶5 000,V/V)溶液,室温下反应10min。盐酸小檗碱浓度在5.0×10~(-8)~4.0×10~(-6) mol·L~(-1)范围与荧光猝灭程度呈良好的线性关系,检出限为7.7×10~(-9) mol·L~(-1)。方法用于实际样品测定回收率为97.5%~105%。     

Interaction of meso-tetrakis(4-sulphonatophenyl)porphine with chitosan in aqueous solutions

Interaction of meso-tetrakis(4-sulphonatophenyl)porphine (TPPS4) with chitosan (Mr approximately 400 kDa, N-acetyls approximately 20 mol.%) was studied in aqueous solutions. UV-vis absorption and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic titration of 10 micromol l-1 TPPS4 with chitosan demonstrated that an addition of the polysaccharide at appropriate concentrations and pH values induce and support self-aggregation of the macrocycles. The mode of aggregation was strongly dependent on pH: stacking (H-type) aggregates predominated at weak acidic conditions (pH 4.8-6.8) and tilted (J-type) aggregates at pH 2.5. At the intermediate pH value (3.6) both types of TPPS4 aggregates were detected. High amount of chitosan (>0.05 mmol l-1 of GlcN) disrupts H-aggregates forming monomeric porphyrin-chitosan complexes (pH 3.6-6.8), while J-aggregates (pH 2.5) are stable even at very high chitosan concentrations. CD titration experiments confirmed the formation of optically active species of TPPS4 in the presence of chitosan. The complex nature of CD bands assigned to both types of porphyrin aggregates indicated the occurrence of several chiral macrocyclic species dependently on pH value and chitosan concentration.     

SDS和CTAB水溶中胶束扩散系数及第一、第二CMC测定

在无探针条件下用循环伏安法测定了不同形状SDS和CTAB胶束的扩散系数，进而得到第一CMC和第二CMC（SDS：第一CMC和第二CMC分别为8．0×10－3和5．6×10－2mol·L-1;CTAB：第一CMC和第二CMC分别为8．9×10－4和2．1×10－2mol·L－1）．此法为表面活性剂体系物理化学性质的研究，特别是为第二CMC测定提供了一个新的研究方法．     

Counteranion dependent protonation and aggregation of tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin in organic solvents

The tetrabutylammonium salt of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS) is soluble in dichloromethane, and the general properties of this compound have been investigated as function of various added acids HX (X = Cl, Br, I, CF(3)COO, CF(3)SO(3), TFPB) through UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, steady state fluorescence emission, and resonance light-scattering (RLS) techniques. Upon addition of HX, the initial monomeric free base TPPS is readily converted in an aggregated species, whose spectroscopic features are independent of the nature of the counteranion X. All the spectroscopic evidence suggest a J-type arrangement of chromophores in this aggregate, involving strong hydrogen bonds, electrostatic, and dispersive interactions. In the specific case of chloride and bromide, in the presence of a TBAX excess, the addition of the corresponding acid leads to a monomeric ion-pair between the TBA cations and the diacid TPPS, whose central core is strongly interacting with the halide. On further increasing the acid concentration in these latter solutions, fully protonated species are formed that eventually start to aggregate.     

Raman and infrared spectral study of meso-sulfonatophenyl substituted porphyrins (TPPSn,n = 1, 2A, 2O, 3, 4)

Raman and IR spectra of the free base p-sulfonatophenyl and phenyl meso-substituted porphyrins [5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS4); 5,10,15-tris(4-sulfonatophenyl)-20-phenyl-porphyrin (TPPS3); 5,10-bis(4-sulfonatophenyl)-15,20-diphenylporphyrin (TPPS2A); 5,15-bis(4-sulfonatophenyl)-10,20-diphenylporphyrin (TPPS2O); and 5-(4-sulfonatophenyl)-10, 15,20-trisphenylporphyrin (TPPS1)] and their N-diprotonated derivatives (porphyrin diacids) were studied. The Raman spectra of the deuterated analogues of these porphyrins, in which the central hydrogen atoms were substituted with deuterium, were also measured. The observed vibrational bands were assigned on the basis of the deuteration shifts and compared with the structural analogues of these compounds. In IR spectra of the free-base porphyrins, the p-sulfonation of phenyl groups results in evident alteration for the phenyl modes and the porphyrin skeleton modes that are strongly coupled with phenyl vibrations. While the p-sulfonation of phenyl groups causes only slight changes for the high-frequency Raman bands (> 850 cm(-1)), dramatic shifts and band splitting were observed in the low-frequency region (< 500 cm(-1)) of Raman spectra. The observed differences of low-frequency Raman spectra were attributed to the alteration of the structure of the porphyrin ring, especially the CalphaCmCalpha bond-angles, by different meso-sulfonatophenyl substitutions. In addition, different packing style of TPPSn molecules in the aggregates is also responsible for the alteration of the vibrational spectra of the aggregated TPPSn.     

氮混杂金属卟啉吸收光谱性质的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论在B3LYP/6-31+G(d)水平上研究了4种金属Mg, Ni, Cu, Zn配位的自由卟啉(FBP)及氮混杂卟啉(NECP)的几何结构及分子轨道能级. 采用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)方法计算了金属与2种卟啉配位后在气体条件下的电子吸收光谱, 包括激发能、 吸收波长、 跃迁组成和振子强度.计算结果表明, 与金属配位的FBP(M-FBP)具有D_4h对称性, 分子轨道能级HOMO/HOMO-1和LUMO/LUMO+1因能级相近发生简并, HOMO-LUMO轨道能级差大约3.0 eV, 在Soret带出现较强吸收峰.由于C/N原子位置的改变, 非对称性结构的M-NECP前线轨道组成发生改变, 轨道能级差(HOMO-LUMO)减小至2.6 eV左右, 且能级发生分裂, Soret带出现多个电子吸收谱峰, Q带也出现吸收峰. 本文研究了水、 氯仿和苯3种不同极性溶剂对M-FBP和M-NECP的分子轨道及电子吸收光谱的影响, 结果表明, 随溶剂极性减弱金属配合物的电子吸收光谱发生红移, 并且吸收峰强度增强.     

Investigation of Morphology-Controlled Ultrafast Relaxation Processes of Aggregated Porphyrin

Here, we have synthesized rod and flake shaped morphology of porphyrin aggregates from 5, 10, 15, 20-tetra (4-n-octyloxyphenyl) porphyrin (4-opTPP) molecule which are evident from scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The formation of J-type aggregation is evident from steady state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopic studies. Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopic studies reveal that the excited state lifetime is controlled by the morphology and the time constant for S₁→S₀ relaxation changes from 3.05 ps to 744 ps with changing the shape from rod to flake, respectively. In spite of similar exciton coupling energy in both the aggregates, the flake shaped aggregates undergo a faster exciton relaxation process and the non-radiative relaxation channels are found to depend on the shape of aggregates. The fundamental understanding of morphology controlled ultrafast relaxation processes of aggregated porphyrin is important for designing efficient light harvesting devices.     

On the dynamics of the TPPS4 aggregation in aqueous solutions: successive formation of H and J aggregates

The dynamics of aggregation of meso-tetrakis (p-sulfonatofenyl) porphyrin (TPPS4) in function of its concentration, pH and ionic strength was studied by optical absorption, fluorescence and resonance light scattering (RLS) techniques. In the region of pH, where TPPS4 exists in biprotonated form, the addition of NaCl induces the TPPS4 aggregation due to the formation of the "cloud" of counter ions around the TPPS4 molecule thus reducing electrostatic repulsion between the porphyrin molecules. The formation of this "cloud" shifts the pKa value to acid region (from 5.0 in the absence of salt to 4.5 at [NaCl] = 0.4 M), reduces the TPPS4 absorption in all spectral range and quantum yield and lifetime of fluorescence (from 0.27 to 0.17 and from 4.00+/-0.04 to 3.00+/-0.03 ns in the absence of salt and in the presence of NaCl, respectively). The aggregation process involves two successive stages: initially H aggregates are formed, which in time are transformed in J ones. The existence of these two stages was confirmed by the fluorescence and RLS data. The kinetics of the formation of J aggregates is characterized by the induction time t1 and the average growth time t2, which depend on both TPPS4 and salt concentrations. The induction period t1 appears as a result of initial formation of H aggregates and their successive transformation in J ones. At very high TPPS4 concentrations, the J aggregates are united in more complex structures such as hollow cylinders or helixes.     

Strong enhancement of the two-photon absorption of tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin diacid in water upon aggregation

A strong enhancement of the two-photon absorption (TPA) cross section of tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin diacid (H(4)TPPS(2-)) at various wavelengths when a J-type aggregate is formed in water with respect to the one observed for the H(4)TPPS(2-) monomer in a mixture of water, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and urea is presented. The TPA properties are characterized by the open aperture Z-scan technique and the ultrafast two-photon absorption spectroscopy with white light continuum probe (TPA-WLCP) technique. The observed enhancement is discussed in terms of possible electronic cooperative effects in the aggregate.     

甲酸解离吸附的动力学和时间分辨FTIR特征

 运用电化学暂态（电位阶跃）方法和时间分辨FTIR反射光谱研究甲酸在Pt电极上的解离吸附过程，揭示了这一表面分子过程的反应速率在－0．25至0．25VvsSCE区间呈火山形变化的规律，还测得在含10－3mol•L－1HCOOH的溶液中最大的初始解离速率（－0．06V时）为9.33×10－11mol•cm－2•s－1.     

Aggregation behavior of tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin in AOT/water/decane microemulsions

AOT/water/decane microemulsions have been used to entrap the water-soluble 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS4). Quasi-elastic light scattering technique has confirmed the confinement of the porphyrin and its various aggregates into the inner water pool. Various species have been detected as function of the size of the microemulsions, concentration of the porphyrin, pH, and aging of the solutions by using a combination of UV-vis absorption, steady fluorescence emission, fluorescence lifetime measurements, and time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy. Under neutral pH conditions, the porphyrin is present as the free base monomer (S414) in the inner water compartment, and it is free to rotate when the size of the droplet is large enough and the porphyrin concentration is low. On increasing the concentration and/or decreasing the microemulsion size, a H-dimer of the free base (S406) is prevalently formed. Aging both the S414 and S406 species leads to the formation of a new species (S424), which has been postulated as a H-type dimer of the diacid porphyrin. On decreasing the pH, the species S414 and S406 almost instantaneously convert into the diacid porphyrin, which is monomeric (S434). This latter is an intermediate in the eventual formation of J-aggregated TPPS4 (S490). A marked stability has been observed for the S424 species, which do not interconvert on changing the pH of the bulk aqueous phase.