二次生长法合成ZSM-5分子筛膜的影响因素

具有均匀孔径的分子筛膜在催化反应器、膜分离等领域显示其巨大潜力.通过适宜路线制备高质量分子筛膜成为膜研究的热点.负载晶种的二次生长法在高性能ZSM-5分子筛膜的制备中表现出巨大的优势.从膜层的连续性、渗透性、选择性这3个分子筛膜最重要的性能指标出发,重点分析了晶种尺寸、用量、分散介质、载体内部生长、反应温度、有机模板剂的去除等因素对于分子筛膜性能的影响,阐述了其作用机理以及已经应用的改良手段.综述了ZSM-5分子筛膜的研究现状和亟待解决的技术难题,并展望了ZSM-5分子筛膜的应用.     

高硅分子筛ZSM-23的合成及表征

采用静态水热晶化法以吡咯烷为模板剂,合成出结晶度良好的ZSM-23分子筛晶体.对合成条件的研究结果表明,合成的关键是避免ZSM-35分子筛的生成.当n(Si)/n(Al)=25～110,n(H20)/n(SiO2)=1.3～4.8,n(pyr.)/n(SiO2)=0.12～0.5时,均能稳定生成ZSM-23分子筛晶体.当n(Si)/n(Al)>110时,不能得到分子筛晶体;当n(Si)/n(Al)<25时,生成的是ZSM-35分子筛晶体.采用XRD,SEM,TG-DTA,FTIR等技术,对合成的ZSM-23分子筛晶体的形貌,以及影响分子筛合成的因素进行了详细的研究.     

红外光谱法研究不同硅铝比的ZSM-5及ZSM-11分子筛的骨架振动

红外光谱法研究分子筛的骨架振动得出了在X、Y等沸石分子筛骨架上振动频率与四面体中铝含量的线性关系^[1]。但未见到有关ZSM-5型的报道.本文用红外光谱法系壳探讨了硅铝比和ZSM-5及ZSM-11的骨架振动频率之间的线性关系,并将由IR得到的SiO₂/Al₂O₃比与化学分析值进行了比较。     

Ti-ZSM-5和B-ZSM-5分子筛大单晶的合成

具有ZSM-5结构的含钛和含硼分子筛是催化性能良好的新型杂原子分子筛,可分别作为碳氢化合物的氧化反应^[1]和制备高纯异丁烯的催化剂^[2]。近年来,有关这2种分子筛的合成已见报道^[1~4]。但其合成均采用碱性介质,成核和晶化都比较快,因此未能得到生长完美的杂原子ZSM-5型分子筛大单晶。     

系列硅铝比纳米薄层ZSM-5分子筛的合成和表征

以自制不对称双子季铵盐表面活性剂为模板, 在水热合成体系中控制合成系列硅铝比纳米薄层ZSM-5分子筛.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、N₂吸附-脱附、X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、扫描电镜(SEM)和²⁷Al魔角旋转核磁共振(²⁷Al MAS-NMR)对合成的样品进行了表征. 详细研究了晶化温度、晶化时间、结构导向剂(SDA)用量、碱度等对合成的影响和纳米薄层ZSM-5分子筛的形成过程. 结果表明: 分子筛硅铝比越高, 结构导向剂用量越大, 所需的晶化时间越短; 晶化温度越高, 晶化时间越短; 且不同硅铝比纳米薄层ZSM-5分子筛的形貌规整度、比表面积和介孔/微孔孔容比例随着硅铝比而变化.     

一步法合成多级孔结构ZSM-5分子筛

多级孔结构ZSM-5分子筛的合成过程复杂。利用双模板剂,通过优化晶化条件(如晶化时间与晶化温度)和Si/Al物质的量比等一步水热晶化合成了具有多级孔结构的ZSM-5分子筛,并采用XRD、N₂吸附-脱附、吡啶红外吸脱附、SEM和TEM等方法对样品的晶体结构、孔道结构、表面酸性和形貌等进行了表征。结果表明,一步法合成多级孔结构ZSM-5分子筛的适宜条件是:晶化温度160-180℃,晶化时间24-96 h,反应物组成为SiO₂/Al₂O₃/Na₂O/CTAB/TPABr/H₂O=1/x/0.4/0.05/0.12/280,(x:50-240)。其中,晶化温度160℃、晶化时间48 h和以Si/Al物质的量比50的凝胶合成的样品具有有序的介孔(平均尺寸3.60 nm)结构、较高的结晶度和较强的酸性。     

钛硅ZSM-5沸石分子筛的微波辐射法合成与表征

以工业硅溶胶为硅源,廉价的乙醇作模板剂,用微波辐射的方法 成功地合成了高结晶度的钛硅 Ｚ Ｓ Ｍ ５ 分子 筛。确定合 成条 件为：ｍ ｏｌ Ｅｔ Ｏ Ｈ ∶ ｍ ｏｌ Ｓｉ ＝ ０． １～ ０．４,微 波反 应釜 压力 为 １ Ｍ Ｐａ, 晶化时 间２００ｍ ｉｎ。利用 Ｘ Ｒ Ｄ, Ｓ Ｅ Ｍ , Ｉ Ｒ 等方法 对钛硅 Ｚ Ｓ Ｍ ５ 分子 筛的物相和晶貌作 了表征,结果表明 钛已进入分子筛骨架。微波辐射法合成大大地缩短了反应时间,简化了操作,合成的样品粒度 小且均匀。     

ZSM-5分子筛吸附分离对二乙苯的研究

本文用动态法就对二乙苯在ＺＳＭ－５分子筛上的吸附进行了研究，考察了温度、脉冲进料量、解吸剂的流速、解吸剂的性质等对分离效果的影响，确定了最佳操作条件：温度为２００℃～２３０℃，常压，以甲苯为解吸剂，解吸剂流量 ２５０～３５０Ｋｇ／ｍ２·ｈ，对二乙苯的单程收率为 ６０％，纯度＞９５％。     

Ti-ZSM-5分子筛的裂解催化行为

含钛分子筛的水热合成工作已有报道,有关催化性能的研究尚未见报,本文报道了十五烷裂解反应中Ti-ZSM-5分子筛的催化行为,所用Ti-ZSM-5分子筛的合成与表征见文献[2]。     

一种在堇青石蜂窝陶瓷上合成ZSM-5分子筛的新途径

Cordierite honeycombs are widely used as mono lith reactors in high gas flux circumstances due to their high thermal stability and low-pressure drop,such as catalytic converters in automotive emission control. In recent years, some attempts have been made to support zeolites onto cordierite honey combs[1-4]. In view of the relative complex config uration of the cordierite honeycombs, there have been some difficulties to obtain a zeolite layer with an even and enough thickness on every channel wall by the traditional hydrothermal technique. In the present paper, we for the first time apply vapor phase transport (VPT) technique to the synthesis of ZSM-5 onto cordierite honeycombs. And, to verify the feasibility of this technique, we prepared the Cu/ZSM-5 monolith catalyst by ion exchange, and tested its catalytic performance for NO reduction with C3H8.     

Secondary Synthesis and Characterization of Boron-Containing ZSM-5 Zeolites

Under conditions of secondary synthesis and to varying extents, boron can be incorporated into the tetrahedral framework sites of a ZSM-5 zeolite which has been synthesized template-free or in the presence of organic template compounds and subjected to calcination or hydrothermal treatment. Isomorphic incorporation of boron is verified by means of ¹¹B MAS NMR measurements and it is reflected in a contraction of the unit cell volume of the zeolite lattice. A comparative study of the catalytic properties of the boron-containing ZSM-5 in acid catalysed n-hexane cracking revealed that samples based on template synthesis product are more active and show less tendency to deactivation.     

FTIR Spectra of Hexene-1 Adsorbed on ZSM-5 Zeolites

HZSM-5, Pt-exchanged and impregnated PtHZSM-5 zeolites were prepared, which have different characteristics of OH group, and the IR spectra of hexene-1 adsorbed on these zeolites were investigated.     

杂原子ZSM－5分子筛催化剂上C_3H_6催化还原NO反应的研究

杂原子ＺＳＭ－５分子筛催化剂上Ｃ_３Ｈ_６催化还原ＮＯ反应的研究张文祥，贾明君，张春雷，吴通好，敖雪桔（吉林大学化学系，长春，１３００２３）（齐齐哈尔环境监测中心站）关键词杂原子分子筛，一氧化氮，催化还原ＮＯｘ对环境的危害已引起了人们的广泛重视。自Ｉｗ...     

Alcohol-Assisted Synthesis of Sheet-Like ZSM-5 Zeolites with Controllable Aspect Ratios

Sheet-like ZSM-5 has been regarded as a promising material for catalytic applications due to its diffusion superiority. However, it still remains a challenge to obtain a desirable sheet-like morphology because of the complex synthesis process of zeolites. Here, a facile strategy for synthesizing sheet-like ZSM-5 is developed by only adding ethanol as zeolite growth modifier in the synthesis gel. It is thought that ethanol might be preferentially absorbed on the {010} surface of zeolite crystals, interact with the exposed silicon hydroxyl groups on the crystal {010} facet, and suppress the growth of b axis, resulting in the sheet-like shape. Through finely tunning synthesis parameters, sheet-like ZSM-5 crystals with thin b-axis thickness of 90 nm and different aspect ratios could be obtained. Owing to its shorter diffusion path and optimized acidity, sheet-like ZSM-5 exhibits better catalytic performance than conventional ZSM-5 in the alkylation of benzene with ethanol.     

改性ZSM-5分子筛催化甲苯、甲醇苯环烷基化反应的研究进展

综述了近三十年来国内外有关在改性ＺＳＭ－５沸石催化剂上,甲苯、甲醇苯环烷基化制备对二甲苯反应的研究状况。经过改性的ＸＳＭ－５型沸石具有合适的孔径和适当强度及数量的表面酸中心,有利于反应活性及选择性的提高。参考文献１４５篇。     

低温晶化温度对B-ZSM-5及Ti-ZSM-5物理化学性质的影响

采用变温晶化方法, 通过改变低温段晶化温度, 水热合成B-ZSM-5沸石. 以B-ZSM-5沸石为母体, 经脱硼处理后, 与TiCl4进行气固相取代反应制得Ti-ZSM-5样品. 采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外(FT-IR)光谱、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)、拉曼光谱、N2吸附-脱附及1,2,4-三甲苯物理吸附等手段对其进行了表征, 并考察了Ti-ZSM-5样品在苯酚羟基化反应中的性能. 结果表明, 合成的母体均为长方体颗粒的聚集体且具有完整的MFI拓扑结构, 但其聚集体颗粒大小、载钛量、孔容及比表面积却存在明显差异; 低温晶化最佳温度为333-353 K, 以此条件下合成出以B-ZSM-5为母体制得的Ti-ZSM-5具有更小的颗粒尺寸、较大的孔容及比表面积, 在苯酚羟基化反应中表现出更加优异的催化性能. 在苯酚与过氧化氢的摩尔比为3的条件下, 苯酚转化率最高可达到20.5%.     

One-Pot Synthesis and Formation Mechanism of Hollow ZSM-5

Coffin-shaped hollow ZSM-5 zeolite (HZZ) particles with shell thickness of about 200 nm and hollow diameter of approximately 1.5 μm were synthesized in one pot by using tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPABr), aluminum triisopropoxide Al[OCH(CH₃)₂]₃ and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as the structure-directing agent (SDA), aluminum and silica source, respectively. The appropriate molar ratios of TPABr/SiO₂ and Si/Al as well as suitable crystallization temperature are the key factors for the formation of HZZ. The formation of the HZZ can be attributed to the existence of intrinsic density variation inside the initial amorphous aggregates and the Al zoning in the outer surface of the ZSM-5 particles. Amorphous silica with low crystallinity formed at early stages and low Al concentration, which has been subsequently dissolved and recrystallized on the ZSM-5 particle surface through Ostwald ripening, leading to the formation of HZZ. This approach, which uses a high concentration of SDA, will provide new possibilities and insight into the prospective fabrication of hollow zeolites.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Ti-ZSM-5 in a Non-alkaline Medium in the Presence of Fluoride Ions

Ti-ZSM-5 was synthesized by hydro thermal crystallization in the presence of fluoride via using a non-alkaline medium. pH values were 5~7. SEM showed perfect Ti-ZSM-5 crystals and a large single crystal growing from the favourable medium. Substitution of titanium for silicon in the ZSM-5 framework led to a decrease of crystal size and of the length/width ratio. Electron microprobe analysis indicated a homogeneous distribution of titanium in the ZSM-5 framework. The unit cell parameters of the Ti-ZSM-5 determined by XRD increased with an increase in titanium content in the framework. TiO4tetrahedron vibrations were found in the IR spectrum. Si(1Ti) peakwas seen in the 29Si MAS NMR spectrum at -1O1ppm(from TMS) and 13CMAS NMR analysis verified the effect of (C3H7)4N F- occluded in thechannels. XPS study on the precursors, calcined and H2O2 adsorbed Ti-ZSM-5 was performed and some interesting results were observed.