流体力学拉氏守恒滑移线算法设计

本文在Wilkins滑移线算法的基础上, 设计了从区网格边人工黏性对主点施加算法. 结合拉氏“相容性格式”, 通过定义“接触力”和“接触力做功”, 利用局部修正内能的方法设计了总能量守恒的流体力学拉氏格式. 该修正方法可保证对称性、守恒性; 提高数值模拟分辨率.     

精细平衡气体动理学格式

流体系统在重力作用下,流体压力可与重力相平衡,达到静力平衡状态.常规的有限差分和有限体积方法无法在离散尺度上保持这种平衡态,常常产生虚假速度等非物理现象.通过将重力源项的体积分改写为网格界面值的加权平均,实现离散条件下压力与重力的精细平衡,得到一种Navier-Stokes （NS）方程的精细平衡气体动理学格式.该格式可以在机器精度上精确地保持等温条件下的静力平衡态以及捕捉平衡态附近的小扰动传播.同时,该格式还能求解自然界中更常见的非等温平衡态.此类平衡态除了要求静力平衡还要求热流平衡.利用提出的格式求解NS方程,可以得到静止（机器精度下的零速度）的非等温平衡态,并且密度和温度分布都具有二阶精度.通过多个算例验证格式的有效性,表明该格式可更好地模拟重力场下的温度、密度的分层流动.     

适应强扭曲网格的扩散方程时空二阶精度计算

以全局支撑算子方法为基础,通过引入面通量,构造了具有局部模板点的时空二阶精度格式。对于大变形扭曲网格,格式采用法向修正技术和合理的单元角体积计算方法,可以保持通量的精确性。算例表明该格式在非凸网格上能够精确获得线性解; 在非光滑网格上可以达到时空二阶精度; 能够较好地保持对称性; 并适合于三维非结构网格上的求解。     

一种含运动固壁超声速流动的Descartes网格算法

提出一种Descartes网格算法,用于数值求解含任意复杂及运动固壁的超声速流动问题.采用位标集函数确定和跟踪流-固界面.引入虚网格技术处理流-固边界条件,并沿法向和切向分别进行计算.该算法简单、稳健,可与高阶有限差分格式并用.选取一组一维/二维静止或运动物体绕流算例,验证其有效性.     

一种基于特征理论模拟凝聚炸药爆轰的单元中心型Lagrange方法

提出一种数值模拟凝聚炸药爆轰问题的单元中心型Lagrange方法.利用有限体积离散爆轰反应流动方程组,基于双曲型偏微分方程组的特征理论获得离散网格节点的速度与压力,获得的网格节点速度与压力用于更新网格节点位置以及计算网格单元边的数值通量.以这种方式获得的网格节点解是一种"真正多维"的理论解,是一维Godunov格式在二维Riemann问题的推广.有限体积离散得到的爆轰反应流动的半离散系统使用一种显-隐Runge-Kutta格式来离散求解：显式格式处理对流项,隐式格式处理化学反应刚性源项.算例表明,提出的单元中心型Lagrange方法能够较好地模拟凝聚炸药的爆轰反应流动.     

旋转回流的一种多重交错网格计算方法

针对圆柱坐标系下原始变量Navier Stokes方程,在有限控制容积法和压力修正的基础上,引入多重交错网格算法及非线性方程的FAS全近似格式,并对封闭圆柱空腔内的旋转流动进行数值模拟.     

一维非线性对流占优扩散方程的变网格特征差分方法

针对一维非线性对流占优扩散方程,提出了一类变网格特征差分格式,该格式能够根据解的梯度变化及时对计算网格进行调整.与均匀网格格式相比,给出的变网格特征差分格式对于对流占优扩散问题有着更好的计算效果.     

基于特征理论的二维无粘Lagrange流体力学有限体积法

提出一个求解二维无粘Lagrange流体力学方程的中心型有限体积方法.采用特征理论求解网格节点处的速度及压力,并利用这些物理量更新节点位置及计算网格界面通量.方法适用于结构网格与非结构网格.典型数值实验的结果表明,格式具有较好的收敛性、对称性、能量守恒性及鲁棒性,且能自然地求解多物质流动问题.     

积分梯度法的两种格式

在二维柱坐标系下Lagrange流体力学的计算中,积分梯度法是动量方程的一种有效离散方法.积分梯度法中,IGT(Integral Gradient Total)格式不能保持柱几何下一维球对称性;IGA(Integral Gradient Average)格式可以保持一维球对称性,但当相邻网格质量相差比较大时,会得到远远脱离真实物理现象的加速度.深入研究IGA和IGT格式发现,当相邻网格边界压力取为质量加权时,即使相邻网格质量相差较大,对于一维平面和一维柱问题,IGT与IGA等价;在二维情形下,可以缩小IGT和IGA之间的差异.理论证明,IGA格式不能保持系统的动量守恒,IGT格式能保持系统的动量守恒性.数值模拟结果进一步显示了这两个格式的优缺点.     

柱坐标下Euler方程数值边界条件的一种处理方法

给出了柱坐标下Euler方程数值边界条件的一种处理方法.径向第一个网格点设在距离中心半点位置上.根据相应物理量的特性,在中心附近进行边界延拓,使得内点的高精度差分格式可以同样应用在网格中心附近,从而无需单侧差分格式,保持了一致的高阶精度.对于周向边界,也建立了一种周期延拓方法,使得在周向所有节点处都能够采用同样的高精度格式离散,并进行了数值试验.     

求解Navier-Stokes方程组的组合紧致迎风格式

给出一种新的至少有四阶精度的组合紧致迎风(CCU)格式,该格式有较高的逼近解率,利用该组合迎风格式,提出一种新的适合于在交错网格系统下求解Navier-Stokes方程组的高精度紧致差分投影算法.用组合紧致迎风格式离散对流项,粘性项、压力梯度项以及压力Poisson方程均采用四阶对称型紧致差分格式逼近,算法的整体精度不低于四阶.通过对Taylor涡列、对流占优扩散问题和双周期双剪切层流动问题的计算表明,该算法适合于对复杂流体流动问题的数值模拟.     

多块结构网格上的Kershaw扩散格式

Kershaw格式是在四边形结构网格上求解扩散方程的-种经典格式.基于对Kershaw格式中"流"的深入理解,将其拓展到包含非结构点的多块结构网格,分别推导退化非结构点和强化非结构点情况下的Kershaw格式,拓展的Kershaw格式满足流连续条件.三个数值算例的计算结果与精确解吻合得很好,表明将Kershaw格式拓展到多块结构网格的正确性和有效性.     

高阶精度CE/SE算法及其应用

对时-空守恒元解元算法(CE/SE)的网格设置做较大改进,提出一种新的六面体解元和元定义;同时在解元中对物理量进行高阶Taylor展开,给出一种在时间和空间上均具有高阶精度CE/SE算法.在此基础上,把新型的高阶精度CE/SE算法推广应用于高速流动捕捉激波间断、气相化学反应流动、计及固体动态效应的流体-弹塑性流动和非稳态多相不可压缩粘性流动中.数值实践表明,提出的新型网格结构上的高阶精度CE/SE算法具有算法简单、计算精度高、计算效率和计算效果好的优点,并大大改进和拓展了CE/SE算法的应用范围.     

A cell-centered Lagrangian scheme with the preservation of symmetry and conservation properties for compressible fluid flows in two-dimensional cylindrical geometry

We develop a new cell-centered control volume Lagrangian scheme for solving Euler equations of compressible gas dynamics in cylindrical coordinates. The scheme is designed to be able to preserve one-dimensional spherical symmetry in a two-dimensional cylindrical geometry when computed on an equal-angle-zoned initial grid. Unlike many previous area-weighted schemes that possess the spherical symmetry property, our scheme is discretized on the true volume and it can preserve the conservation property for all the conserved variables including density, momentum and total energy. Several two-dimensional numerical examples in cylindrical coordinates are presented to demonstrate the performance of the scheme in terms of symmetry, accuracy and non-oscillatory properties.     

自适应于流场变化的网格重构方法

提出九点网格重构方法,不仅生成的网格正交性和光滑性好,而且重构后的网格与物理问题解的空间分布相适应,实现了重构后的网格品质好.理论上证明了九点网格重构方法逼近椭圆型方程,并具有球对称性,数值试验表明,该方法具有很好的适应复杂区域的稳健性,在爆轰驱动或高速冲击ALE(Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian)数值模拟中具有较高的应用价值.     

Nested Cartesian grid method in incompressible viscous fluid flow

In this work, the local grid refinement procedure is focused by using a nested Cartesian grid formulation. The method is developed for simulating unsteady viscous incompressible flows with complex immersed boundaries. A finite-volume formulation based on globally second-order accurate central-difference schemes is adopted here in conjunction with a two-step fractional-step procedure. The key aspects that needed to be considered in developing such a nested grid solver are proper imposition of interface conditions on the nested-block boundaries, and accurate discretization of the governing equations in cells that are with block-interface as a control-surface. The interpolation procedure adopted in the study allows systematic development of a discretization scheme that preserves global second-order spatial accuracy of the underlying solver, and as a result high efficiency/accuracy nested grid discretization method is developed. Herein the proposed nested grid method has been widely tested through effective simulation of four different classes of unsteady incompressible viscous flows, thereby demonstrating its performance in the solution of various complex flow–structure interactions. The numerical examples include a lid-driven cavity flow and Pearson vortex problems, flow past a circular cylinder symmetrically installed in a channel, flow past an elliptic cylinder at an angle of attack, and flow past two tandem circular cylinders of unequal diameters. For the numerical simulations of flows past bluff bodies an immersed boundary (IB) method has been implemented in which the solid object is represented by a distributed body force in the Navier–Stokes equations. The main advantages of the implemented immersed boundary method are that the simulations could be performed on a regular Cartesian grid and applied to multiple nested-block (Cartesian) structured grids without any difficulty. Through the numerical experiments the strength of the solver in effectively/accurately simulating various complex flows past different forms of immersed boundaries is extensively demonstrated, in which the nested Cartesian grid method was suitably combined together with the fractional-step algorithm to speed up the solution procedure.     

An efficient numerical method for the equations of steady and unsteady flows of homogeneous incompressible Newtonian fluid

In the present paper, we present some numerical methods to solve the equations of steady and unsteady flows, such as those in the microcirculatory bed and large blood vessels (arteries and veins), respectively. In the case of steady flows, the method does not need neither any boundary conditions on pressure nor any small parameter, and the main computation consists of solving some Poisson equations. In the case of unsteady flows, the scheme uses a consistent Neumann boundary condition for the pressure Poisson equation. At each time step, a Poisson and heat equation are solved for the pressure and each velocity component, respectively. The accuracy and efficiency of scheme are checked by a set of numerical tests.     

二维流体弹塑性流动中J-滑移线的数值模拟

本文从wilkins方法的基本思想出发,讨论二维轴对称流体弹塑性流动中J——(经向)滑移线的计算方法,编制飞板相互作用的程序,计算了两个实例。     

The theoretical research of basic function method in incompressible viscous flow and its simulations in three-dimensional aneurysms

Basic function method is developed to treat the incompressible viscous flow. Artificial compressibility coefficient, the technique of flux splitting method and the combination of central and upwind schemes are applied to construct the basic function scheme of trigonometric function type for solving three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations numerically. To prove the method, flows in finite-length-pipe are calculated, the velocity and pressure distribution of which solved by our method quite coincide with the exact solutions of Poiseuille flow except in the areas of entrance and exit. After the method is proved elementary, the hemodynamics in two- and three-dimensional aneurysms is researched numerically by using the basic function method of trigonometric function type and unstructured grids generation technique. The distributions of velocity, pressure and shear force in steady flow of aneurysms are calculated, and the influence of the shape of the aneurysms on the hemodynamics is studied. Supported by the National Natural Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 40874077, 40504020, and 40536029) and the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2006CB806304)     

求解对流-扩散-反应问题的改进有限积分法

将求解偏微分方程的有限积分法应用于对流-扩散-反应问题,发现对于非对流占优的对流扩散问题,有限积分法的精度比QUICK法高一个数量级,比传统的有限体积法高两个数量级.处理对流占优的对流-扩散-反应问题时,对流项的离散时引进加权参数,通过调节该参数反映输运的方向性.结果表明这种改进的有限积分法的精度比传统的有限体积法至少高四个数量级,同时明显改进了原来的有限积分法的精度和稳定性.对于对流占优的对流-扩散-反应问题,即使采用粗网格,计算结果也未出现非物理振荡现象,表明改进的有限积分法具有很好的稳定性.