基于Treelet变换的模拟电路故障诊断

针对模拟电路故障诊断中特征向量冗余的问题,提出一种基于Treelet变换的模拟电路故障诊断方法.Treelet变换是一种自适应的多尺度的数据分析方法,适用于对高维数据降维和特征选择。文中首先对被测电路的输出信号采样,将采集到的信号进行Treelet变换,提取故障特征向量,最后将得到的特征向量输入BP神经网络进行故障模式识别。仿真实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地提取电路故障特征。与其他故障特征提取方法相比较,基于Treelet变换的模拟电路故障诊断方法具有较高的故障诊断率和收敛速度。     

基于HMM-SVM的模拟电路早期故障诊断

针对模拟电路在故障预测与健康管理（PHM）系统中早期故障识别率不高的问题,提出了一种基于隐马尔科夫模型（HMM）和支持向量机（SVM）相结合的模拟电路故障诊断方法,利用HMM对动态连续信号的较强识别能力和SVM良好的模式分类能力解决模拟电路早期故障诊断问题。采用主成分分析（PCA）和K-means聚类算法对故障数据进行数据降维和特征提取,建立HMM与 SVM相结合的诊断模型进行故障诊断。仿真实验表明,HMM-SVM能很好地识别模拟电路早期故障,并对模拟电路中元件小范围参数变化的状态识别,相较单一HMM模型具有更高的准确率。     

一种模拟滤波器电路的故障诊断方法

针对模拟滤波器电路,提出了一种基于测前仿真和测后仿真相结合的故障诊断方法。在测前仿真环节,通过仿真获取电路正常状态及故障状态的幅频响应曲线,引入“区别度”计算电路故障状态和正常状态的区分程度,从而确定电路的可测故障集,并通过频率选择建立可测故障集的故障字典。在测后仿真环节,通过不同频率的激励获得电路故障状态的测试数据,再利用“区别度”计算测试数据与故障字典中各故障特征的区分程度,通过最小“区别度”实现故障检测及故障元件的定位。最后通过一个滤波器电路仿真实例,基于PSpice仿真和Matlab程序计算实现了基于测前仿真的可测故障集确定和故障字典建立,以及基于测后仿真的故障检测和故障元件定位,验证了本文提出方法的实用性。     

基于多种群量子粒子群聚类的模拟电路故障诊断算法设计

为了提高传统模拟电路故障诊断算法的故障诊断精确度和故障诊断效率,设计了一种基于多种群量子粒子群聚类的模拟电路故障诊断算法。首先,采用多种群量子粒子群算法实现特征参数优化,将最优粒子中的非0维度作为选择的最优特征属性,得到最优特征选择集,然后采用马氏距离作为数据样本相似度的度量方式,设计了基于马氏距离的聚类方法实现对模拟电路的故障进行有效诊断,该诊断方法能在线样本不断增加的情况,自适应地增加聚类的个数即故障诊断的类别数,且无需训练参数。仿真实验表明,文中方法能有效实现模拟电路的故障诊断,尤其是能满足在线故障诊断需求,与其它方法相比,具有故障诊断精度和效率高的优点。     

基于AdaBoost与GABP的模拟电路软故障诊断方法

针对容差模拟电路软故障诊断精度较低的问题,提出了一种基于AdaBoost与GABP的组合分类器诊断方法;首先,在Pspice中对故障模式进行Monte-Carlo分析,并利用波形有效点提取法提取故障特征,在此基础上,做归一化处理构建神经网络的原始样本;其次,利用GA算法与L-M算法组合优化BP网络构建GABP分类器;最后,利用AdaBoost算法对GABP单分类器进行迭代提升,构建AdaBoost-GABP组合分类器;诊断实例的结果表明,该方法比传统的单分类器诊断方法具有更高的诊断精度、更低的绝对误差,能够克服单分类器容易陷入局部最优,诊断结论不可信的缺陷。     

一种容差模拟电路的分级故障诊断方法

In this paper, a tolerance analog circuit fault diagnosis method based on hierarchical fault dictionary is proposed. During the simulation before test, firstly, the Worse-Case Analysis is used to get the normal characteristics output interval of the circuit under test and the output interval is saved as the first class fault dictionary, which will be used to fault detection; secondly, node-voltage sensitivity sequence is used as fault characteristics to build the second class fault dictionary for locating fault component; thirdly, based on simulation before test according to dividing the component parameters into seven segments, the third class fault dictionary is built to identify the parameter interval of components. In the fault diagnosis stage, based on the established three-class fault dictionary, fault detection, fault locating and component parameter interval identification can be realized respectively according to practical application. The proposed method can improve the efficiency of diagnosis after test and the solution will be a meaningful reference for practical applications. Finally, the simulation experiment demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

自然的改进型节点电压方程

通过对节点导纳矩阵的进一步分析,得出节点电压方程一种新的形式,用节点电压方程能够直观地从电路图直接绘制出信号流图而不需列写KCL,KVL和器件方程.类似的,通过圈阻抗矩阵的分析,也得到了新形式的圈电流方程.     

基于小波神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断技术

文章提出了一种基于小波神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断方法:通过分析被测电路的冲激响应来识别电路中的故障元件,利用小波理论中的多分辨率分析的方法提取出相应信号中的故障特征,组成特征向量后输入神经网络进行训练,实现故障诊断;该方法减少了神经网络的输入、简化了其结构、并缩短了训练和处理时间,文中分别用小波神经网络和传统的BP神经网络对实例电路进行故障诊断,仿真结果发现:小波神经网络相比BP网络方法收敛速度更快,诊断率更高。     

多分类SVDD混叠域识别的模拟电路故障诊断

针对多分类支持向量域数据描述(SVDD)方法中混叠样本诊断精度差的问题,提出了一种带异类样本的多分类SVDD算法。该方法在普通SVDD超球模型基础上,对于存在混叠区域的类别,以该类所有样本为目标类,其他类与之混叠的样本为异类,利用带异类样本的SVDD算法重新训练,直至所有超球优化完毕。仿真实验验证了本文算法消除混叠和提高精度的能力,并将该算法应用于模拟电路故障诊断中。相较与SVDD多分类算法、一对一和一对多SVM算法,本文方法在模拟电路故障诊断中具有更高的诊断精度。     

基于IEEE1232的模拟电路TPS自动生成系统开发

目前在模拟电路故障诊断及测试过程中存在两个问题：测试信号的连续性及容差特性造成的测试信号数量巨大,故障知识表示复杂,测试程序（Test Program,简称TP）的编写多用基于决策知识的人工生成方法。通过对IEEE1232标准的体系结构和诊断推理机要求的分析,论文对IEEEE1232模型体系进行扩充,提出一种包含特征提取技术和多种AI诊断方法的诊断知识库生成协议,设计并实现了符合1232标准知识库的TPS自动生成测试系统。提高了诊断知识的移植性,实现了TPS的自动生成。仿真结果证明了该方案的可行性     

基于多种群混沌遗传神经网络的模拟电路故障诊断

针对标准遗传算法优化BP神经网络收敛慢,易陷入局部最优的问题,提出了改进的多种群协同进化遗传算法,该算法改变了以往的随机初始化方法,采用了附加混沌扰动的tent映射初始化均匀分布的种群,提高了初始解的质量;每个种群采用自适应交叉率和变异率,引入移民算子实现种群间的横向联系;算法通过多种群的协同进化和种群间的个体移植提高了算法的搜索均匀性和效率;仿真实验表明该算法误差小,收敛速度快,诊断正确率高,较好地解决了模拟电路的软故障诊断问题。     

复杂模拟电路知识表示的关键技术研究

在装备中应用复杂模拟和数模混合电路,可大幅度提升装备性能,但同时对电路故障诊断提出了更高的要求;研究故障特征优选、测试节点优化等关键技术,实现了最优测试点集构造和基于故障特征提取的知识表示自动生成功能,可有效解决当前模拟和数模电路故障诊断存在的问题,提高故障诊断效率;采用典型装备电路的试验验证,实现了多类型知识表示的生成,并且所构造最优测试点集数量为全部测试点的32%,试验表明,所述技术具有很好的实用与推广价值。     

A Non-Contact Fault Diagnosis Method for Bearings and Gears Based on Generalized Matrix Norm Sparse Filtering

Fault diagnosis of mechanical equipment is mainly based on the contact measurement and analysis of vibration signals. In some special working conditions, the non-contact fault diagnosis method represented by the measurement of acoustic signals can make up for the lack of contact testing. However, its engineering application value is greatly restricted due to the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the acoustic signal. To solve this deficiency, a novel fault diagnosis method based on the generalized matrix norm sparse filtering (GMNSF) is proposed in this paper. Specially, the generalized matrix norm is introduced into the sparse filtering to seek the optimal sparse feature distribution to overcome the defect of low SNR of acoustic signals. Firstly, the collected acoustic signals are randomly overlapped to form the sample fragment data set. Then, three constraints are imposed on the multi-period data set by the GMNSF model to extract the sparse features in the sample. Finally, softmax is used to as a classifier to categorize different fault types. The diagnostic performance of the proposed method is verified by the bearing and planetary gear datasets. Results show that the GMNSF model has good feature extraction ability performance and anti-noise ability than other traditional methods.     

A New Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Bearing Based on Markov Transition Field and CNN

The rolling bearing is a crucial component of the rotating machine, and it is particularly vital to ensure its normal operation. In addition, the selection of different category features will add uncertainty and bias to the classification results. In order to decrease the interference of these factors to fault diagnosis, a new method that automatically learns the features of the data combined with Markov transition field (MTF) and convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed in this paper, namely MTF-CNN. The MTF contributes to convert the original time series into corresponding figures, and the CNN is used to extract the deep feature information in the figure to complete the fault diagnosis. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by two public data sets. The experimental results show that MTF-CNN can classify different types of faults, and the highest accuracy rate can reach 100%. Likewise, the classification accuracy of this method is higher than some existing methods.     

Fault Diagnosis of Power Transformer Based on Time-Shift Multiscale Bubble Entropy and Stochastic Configuration Network

In order to accurately diagnose the fault type of power transformer, this paper proposes a transformer fault diagnosis method based on the combination of time-shift multiscale bubble entropy (TSMBE) and stochastic configuration network (SCN). Firstly, bubble entropy is introduced to overcome the shortcomings of traditional entropy models that rely too heavily on hyperparameters. Secondly, on the basis of bubble entropy, a tool for measuring signal complexity, TSMBE, is proposed. Then, the TSMBE of the transformer vibration signal is extracted as a fault feature. Finally, the fault feature is inputted into the stochastic configuration network model to achieve an accurate identification of different transformer state signals. The proposed method was applied to real power transformer fault cases, and the research results showed that TSMBE-SCN achieved 99.01%, 99.1%, 99.11%, 99.11%, 99.14% and 99.02% of the diagnostic rates under different folding numbers, respectively, compared with conventional diagnostic models MBE-SCN, TSMSE-SCN, MSE-SCN, TSMDE-SCN and MDE-SCN. This comparison shows that TSMBE-SCN has a strong competitive advantage, which verifies that the proposed method has a good diagnostic effect. This study provides a new method for power transformer fault diagnosis, which has good reference value.     

基于故障矩阵的贝叶斯故障定位方法

故障的准确诊断和定位是云计算系统提供持续服务的前提条件。为了提高系统故障诊断和定位的性能,本文提出了一种基于故障矩阵的贝叶斯故障定位方法。首先,对云计算系统的软件结构进行了抽象,对事物进行了定义,并描述了事务的执行路径。其次,将系统运行的多个执行路径表示为故障矩阵,并给出了组件健康状态的逻辑命题表达式。最后,应用贝叶斯概率分析了系统故障的概率。实验表明,本文提出的方法与其它相关方法相比,故障识别的准确性更高,所用的执行时间更短。