整体最小二乘法在精同步中的应用

为了验证整体最小二乘法(TLS,Total Least Squares)比最小二乘法(LS,Least Squares)更适用于精同步,提出了基于整体最小二乘的精同步方法;该方法以PN码基于BPSK调制的同步模型为基础,在接收端得到鉴相曲线后,对鉴相曲线零值点附近的几个固定位置的数据点利用QR分解和奇异值分解的整体最小二乘法拟合出鉴相曲线,求出同步误差;最后通过在Matlab软件上的仿真,得出结论:在噪声环境下,整体最小二乘法在同步中的应用可以得到优于基于普通最小二乘法的同步法的测量精度和稳定性;特别是在信噪比较低的条件下,基于整体最小二乘的精同步测量精度提升了3倍多,同事稳定性提升5倍多。     

调制度分析在等步长相移法相位展开中的应用

推导了两种常用等步长相移算法的调制度表达式,提出一种新的调制度分析方法。该方法用于等步长相移法中基于加权最小二乘法的相位展开,能够充分利用调制度信息,构造二值和小数权重,从而增强相位展开过程对多种干扰因素的免疫力。实验结果说明了该方法的有效性和实用性。最后比较了二值权重和小数权重在加权最小二乘法的相位展开中的性能表现。     

欠采样干涉图最小二乘相位解包裹算法改进

数字全息的再现光场相位一般具有较高的空间变化频率,而目前CCD、CMOS的空间带宽积还很有限,容易产生欠采样并导致包裹相位中有大量不可靠数据点存在,给最小二乘相位解包裹带来困难.本文将剪切干涉原理引入到数字全息再现光场的重构中,通过改变再现光场相位梯度的计算方法减少欠采样的影响,对现有的最小二乘相位解包裹算法进行了改进...     

光栅投影测量系统中的相位误差校正算法

依据光栅图像的相位单调增长特性,提出了一种基于最小二乘法的单调光顺算法进行光栅相位误差校正。详细分析了光栅图像的相位单调特性和相位误差,以光栅图像相位的单调性为约束条件,改进了传统的最小二乘拟合方法,对绝对相位图进行相位误差校正。实验结果表明,该方法降低了投影仪伽马非线性造成的相位误差,误差减少60%以上,校正后的绝对相位具有光滑性良好的优点。     

基础实验中光速和介质折射率测量方法的研究

采用一种新型光速测定仪测量光速和介质折射率,对测量方法进行了研究和改进,分析了测量误差的来源.在此基础上,采用精密数字相位计代替示波器测量相位,设计了新的测量方案,并采用最小二乘法进行线性拟合,从而提高了测量精度,其精度达到±0.1%.     

并行高采样实现PN码捕获的井下扩频测距方法

在扩频测距技术中,伪随机(Pseudo-Noise)码捕获时间长,扩频信号需要高带宽信道,井下多径效应还会引起PN码相位延迟,因而使得扩频测距技术难以在煤矿井下应用。为了将扩频测距技术应用于井下,设计了一种并行的PN码同步精测算法,利用FPGA高速的并行处理能力,开辟L-1条相位彼此相差一个PN码片的相关通道,在各相关通道中分别对扩频码调制的数字基带信号相关运算后进行高频率采样,大幅度提高了信号处理带宽,能够在粗同步的基础上直接得到更高的时间分辨率。仿真结果表明,所提出的方法能够抑制井下严重的多径干扰,能将测距PN码所占带宽限制在50MHZ以下而测距精度达到1米以内,是适应煤矿井下特殊环境的一种高效扩频测距方法。     

星空背景下的运动点目标轨迹提取

针对星空图像中运动点目标轨迹难于提取的问题,提出了有限帧最小二乘轨迹关联算法。采用相邻帧差分、自适应阈值分割、连通域处理和质心计算等步骤实现了疑似目标的定位。根据星点目标运动轨迹近似为直线、运动的连续性和相关性等特点,利用有限帧最小二乘线性拟合预测目标位置,以预测位置为中心开搜索窗,关联匹配真实目标,并通过置信度检验确认并提取目标运动轨迹。整套算法简单,易于实现,通过实拍星图实验,验证了该算法效果好,实时性强。     

基于快速最小二乘法的两步随机相移算法研究

在相移干涉测量中,为了在较短时间内实现较高的精度,提出了一系列基于快速最小二乘法的两步随机相移算法.以双滤波和差归一化算法、单滤波和差归一化算法和格兰-施密特正交化算法计算出来的相位作为迭代初始值,利用没有滤波的两幅相移干涉图进行最小二乘法运算以获取最终的相位,为了节省时间,只选取有限数量的像素来参与迭代运算.通过比较...     

驻波法测声速时两种数据处理方法的对比研究

驻波法是常用的声速测量方法. 驻波法测声速时常用逐差法进行数据处理, 也有采用最小二乘法的, 为 了比较两种方法的优劣, 本文对驻波法测声速分别采用逐差法和最小二乘法处理数据, 并对测量结果的不确定度进 行了分析. 通过数据处理结果发现, 逐差法和最小二乘法在驻波法测声速的数据处理上是等效的, 都能得到良好的 效果     

基于最小二乘法准则的光学综合孔径观测目标傅里叶信息提取

提出了基于最小二乘法准则提取光学综合孔径观测目标的傅里叶信息,给出了系统的理论推导过程.与其它传统条纹信息提取方法作了比较,指出基于最小二乘法准则提取观测目标信息周期短,速度快,可提取观测目标的傅里叶幅度和相位.实验仿真表明,基于最小二乘法准则提取观测目标信息是可行的.     

HT-7U装置冷却回路概念设计

】HT-7U超导托卡马克核聚变实验装置是国家九五重大科学工程 ,包括一个具有非圆小截面的大型超导托卡马克 HT-7U实验装置和低温、真空、水冷、电源及控制、数据采集和处理、波加热、波驱动电流、诊断以及公共基础设施等重要子系统。文中概要地介绍 HT-7U装置冷却回路的基础结构和主要参数 ,对冷却回路进行了概念设计 ,给出了冷却回路流程的初步方案     

低温温度计标定装置的研制

国家大科学工程 HT- 7U托卡马克 (Tokamak)是一个全超导核聚变实验装置。装置主机由1 6个纵场 (TF)超导线圈和 1 2个极向场 (PF)超导线圈组成 ,分别采用 4.2 K和 3 .8K超临界氦迫流冷却。选用新型低温温度计 Cernox测量超导线圈系统的温度。文中介绍低温温度计标定装置的研制和温度计 Cernox的标定结果。     

Effect Of Calcium Ions On The Irradiation Induced Inactivation Of Cellulase

Abstract

The activity of cellulase irradiated at various temperatures was examined as a function of irradiation dose. The effect of calcium ions in radiation inactivation of cellulase at irradiation temperature of 30°C was studied by using calcium sulfate. The calcium ions have a protective ability against radiation caused inactivation of cellulase by scavenging species such as OH^? formed by irradiation of cellulase aqueous solution, in which the effective concentration range of the calcium ions was ～ 10^?3 M. The calcium ions do not act for the heat inactivation of the enzyme and the enzyme hydrolysis of filter paper or chaff as an activator because the calcium ions do not associate with the enzyme to form a calcium ion-enzyme complex.     

碳电阻温度计经验公式的选用比较

碳电阻温度计是低温温度测量的常用温度计之一。在碳电阻温度计标定过程中 ,经验公式的选用对碳电阻温度计标定曲线的正确性有着重大的影响。文中针对这一问题 ,同时结合对现有几十个碳电阻温度计的标定实验 ,得到了碳电阻温度计经验公式的选用受碳电阻温度计本身的材料和其所处的温区等因素制约的结论。     

Cooper对质心定向运动速度的空间分布规律及“邻近效应”

在零场下 ,由超导电流密度的两种表达形式 ,导出了超导载流子质心定向运动速度的空间分布规律 ,并由毕萨定律定性地解释了“邻近效应”     

Detection and Quantitation Of Several Atomic Species By Intra-cavity Quenching Of Laser Emission

Until recently laser research has been the province of the physicist wherein lasers have been utilized extensively as sources of coherent, highly monochromatic energy. The thrust of this research has been to employ the organic solution laser output as an analytical signal from which information about a particular system may be extracted. Preliminary investigations in this laboratory showed that a great number of variables are active in the achievement of lasing from an organic solution. More significantly, concurrent work in this laboratory produced some anomalous results which were subsequently attributed to a cavity defect. This suggested that small energy losses at discrete wavelengths within the resonant cavity of an organic solution laser could result in quenching of broad band laser emission at those specific wavelengths. These considerations led to investigations in which atoms and mlecules were purposefully introduced into the resonant cavity of an organic solution laser.¹ A search of the literature revealed that investigators at The National Bureau of Standards had previously observed this phenomenon and had reported on the intra-cavity absorption of a pulsed rhodamine 6G laser emission by sodium vapor.² In a follow-up paper Keller and co-workers demonstrated the enhancement of absorption for Eu(NO₃)₃) when placed within the cavity of a rhodamine 6G laser. Concurrently absorption was observed from Ba and Sr in an air-acetylene flame within a dye laser cavity by, Thrash et al.⁴ Hansch and co-workers⁵ duplicated the intra-cavity absorption experiment with iodine vapor and compared the sensitivity of this result with measurements obtained from conventional absorption techniques. At about the same time Latz, Wyles, and Green¹ reported data which dennnstrated that the extent of intra-cavity absorption for nitrogen dioxide was linearly related to its concentration. Investigation into the use of a laminar flow burner with an air-acetylene flame within a dye laser cavity showed part per billion (ppb) detection limits for sodium as well as the detection of barium and mercury. The completion of these intracavity absorption studies in the visible region of the spectrum yielded the results which are reported here as well as quantitative intyacavity absorption data for Eu⁺³. In an independent study Konjevic also reported detection of sodium by intra-cavity absorption from an airnatural gas flame⁶.     

NTFS文件系统的研究

通过与FAT文件系统的比较，分析了NTFS文件系统在磁盘上的结构，并用具体实例研究了NTFS最重要的主文件表MFT元文件。