基于LoadRunner自动化应用程序接口的舰船装备软件测试系统设计与实现

针对舰船装备软件接口交互信息量大,利用现有动态测试技术对此类软件开展测试工作时效率较低,自动化测试水平亟待提高的现状,归纳分析了舰船装备软件测试系统的主要能力需求,研究了接口协议形式化、测试用例自动生成、测试用例自动驱动、通信接口转换等关键技术,并以上述技术为基础给出了舰船装备软件测试系统的体系架构设计方案,进而实现了一种基于LoadRunner自动化应用程序接口(LoadRunner Automation API)的舰船装备软件测试系统,为舰船装备软件提供了一种可行的自动化测试手段;该测试系统主要包括测试管理模块、测试用例生成模块、测试用例驱动模块和数据收集与分析模块;采用该测试系统能够有效提高舰船装备软件的测试效率。     

光纤接口模块自动测试系统的研究与应用

雷达系统内部含有多种带有光纤接口的数字电路模块,对于这类电路板的测试问题,文中提出了一种构建自动测试系统的通用方法。基于CPCI总线的多功能光纤测试模块作为该测试系统的核心测试部件,对外提供10个可收发的光纤接口,光纤接口数据传输速率可在一定范围内设定,以匹配被测模块的光口速率要求,协议数据包可按用户自定义方式发送和录取,解决了被测模块的多光口测试,光口数据传输速率不统一,数据包格式各不相同的等问题。整个测试过程可由软件控制自动完成。该测试系统能够实现对标准总线和非标准总线的光纤接口雷达数字模块的自动测试,经过实际测试验证表明,该系统运行稳定可靠,提高了武器装备的综合保障能力。     

基于TEDS技术的智能执行器设计

IEEE 1451.2 标准定义的TEDS技术使智能变送器具有自我描述和自识别能力,是智能变送器实现即插即用的关键;对IEEE 1451.2标准下的智能变送器模型进行了研究,以XC2S50为主控单元设计了智能执行器接口模块,并从硬件和软件两个方面阐述了具体的实现方法; 该模块采用TEDS技术,具备TII接口通信能力;用测试系统对智能执行器接口模块进行测试,测试结果表明:该模块能与测试系统实现无缝连接,能被系统智能识别和控制。      

基于VME总线的高速信号处理模块测试技术研究及应用

为解决某型号炮位侦察校射雷达中高速信号处理模块的测试,文中设计了基于VME总线的高速数字电路自动测试系统,该系统能模拟雷达工作环境,利用VME测试模块提供测试所需的光口、RapidIO等信号,测试结果通过VME主控器网口上报给系统管理平台;该系统成功应用于某型雷达高速信号处理模块的测试,可完成VME总线接口的测试;3路RapidIO信号的测试,Rapid IO信号传输速率为3.125 Gbps;4路光纤通道的测试,光纤通道波特率为2 Gbps;研究及实测结果表明该系统可解决基于VME总线的高速信号处理模块的测试。     

基于单片机的电缆导通测试方法 

文章介绍了一种基于单片机的电缆导通测试方法。该方法以小型化、智能化为目标,采用了嵌入式设计,不仅使测试系统的体积大幅度降低,而且使操作界面更加简洁方便;系统采用C8051F120单片机做为核心控制器,以及技术成熟的万用表作为测量模块;通过设计接口电路,实现了单片机与液晶显示模块、微型打印机模块和键盘模块的互通;通过使用移位寄存器和继电器阵列,系统也实现了多个通道间的切换;系统用单片机驱动外部测量模块,完成了某型伺服系统电缆束的导通、不导通的测试;该测试方法改变了一直以来电缆导通测试需要依赖人工手动测试的现状,同时提高了测试的效率和准确性。     

基于ATEasy的通用射频测试系统研究与实现

针对引进现代电子装备及系统中射频模块故障频发的问题,为实现对引进电子装备及系统射频模块的自动测试及故障诊断,达到降低外送维修成本、缩短维修周期、提高维修效率等目的,研制通用射频测试系统。通用射频测试系统硬件基于GPIB及VXI总线技术集成精密测试仪器仪表实现,利用VXI矩阵开关构建模块串并回路,设计系统通用接口适配器,提出自动测试射频模块工作电流及电压的电路设计;软件架构及测试程序采用美国GEOTest公司的ATEasy8.0。目前基于ATEasy集成开发环境开发射频模块测试程序,已实现20余种射频模块的自动测试及故障诊断。经验证,测试结果有效。该系统为引进现代电子装备及系统射频模块的测试开辟新的途径,提供新的支持。     

飞控系统控制信息自动采集处理模块与自测试设计

介绍一种机载飞控系统飞控计算机对各种控制信息（包括离散量、模拟量和串行数据）进行数字化控制、实时采集、监控和处理的接口模块设计方法,从工程应用角度出发,阐述了模块的设计思路以及工程实现,给出原理框图和测试流程。在某型飞机的实际应用中,实现了32路离散量输入输出、16路模拟量输入输出、6路ARINC429串行数据收发、4路ARINC422串行数据收发以及4路ARINC232串行数据收发的功能,自测试覆盖率达100%。因该模块的接口形式和接口数量可根据实际需要进行增减,故具有很强的典型性和通用性,可适用于各类型的机载飞控系统。     

基于USB技术的插拔力测试系统开发研究

电气开关在合闸及分闸过程中瞬间产生的插拔力对开关的性能至关重要。针对测量和分析开关瞬态插拔力特性的问题,提出了一种基于USB技术的高速数据采集的新型插拔力测试系统。对测试要求进行分析后给出了本测试系统的方案：底层数据采集模块由AD模数转换器、FIFO、USB接口驱动器等功能块组成,主要完成测试信号的转换、缓存、数据上传对接等功能;上位数据处理系统采用了虚拟仪器(VI)技术,在LabVIEW环境下经过开发设计,实现了下位模块驱动、数据读取、数据存储、曲线动态显示及测试报告生成。借助USB口传输数据速度高、接口简单的优点,开发出的系统结构紧凑、组态简洁、测试过程简单。测试系统安装到测试机上进行多种工件测试实验,测试结果表明该系统完全能够满足工件的插拔力测试要求。     

基于CPLD的多路瞬态冲击信号存储测试系统设计

为了对水平碰撞、跌落等环境试验中的多路瞬态冲击信号进行测试,基于CPLD设计了多路瞬态冲击信号嵌入式存储测试系统。系统采用高速串行AD转换芯片作为数据采集的执行器件,实现了多路冲击信号的同步高速采集;利用铁电存储器对采集到的信号进行在线存储;设计了USB接口模块,实现了PC机与测试系统之间的通信,并在LABVIEW环境下设计了数据回读软件;经试验验证了测试系统的正确性和可靠性。     

基于6LoWPAN的智慧校园空调监控系统设计

针对总线制空调监控系统存在布线施工成本高、联网结构复杂、维护难度大等问题,设计了一种基于6LoWPAN的智慧校园空调监控系统。首先给出了系统的整体功能及网络架构;然后,给出了传感器节点、系统核心模块及网关节点的硬件设计;接下来对6LoWPAN协议及简化进行了描述,给出了系统嵌入式软件的设计;最后给出了相关的空调控制策略。测试和实验结果表明,该空调监控系统具有结构简洁,扩展性高,实时在线响应,有效解决了校园空调物联网的信息互联问题,利用云平台智能管理达到节能减排目标。     

用于SCA ASIC测试的数字读出模块设计

高速开关电容阵列(SCA)具有高速采样、低功耗的特点,基于SCA的高速波形数字化是目前高精度时间测量的一个重要研究方向。为此,我们开展SCA芯片的研究,目前已设计完成原型ASIC设计,并正在进行后续版本的改进设计。为便于未来多版本ASIC的测试和评估,需设计具有一定通用性的数字读出模块,本论文工作主要介绍此模块的设计工作以及相应的数据读出软件。数字读出模块基于FPGA实现对待测ASIC的控制、配置及数据读出,采用DDR3片外存储芯片,使用USB3.0等接口进行数据传输;上位机软件基于Python3.7设计,实现了数据采集与波形绘制等功能。目前已使用设计完成的数字读出模块对第2版SCA ASIC进行了初步的测试,测试结果表明,此读出模块工作正常,且SCA芯片输出结果符合预期。     

多接口融合光纤总线光网络终端设计

光网络终端(network terminal,NT)是光纤数据总线中的数据传输与处理终端,是光纤总线的重要组成部分。介绍了一种集成通用异步收发传输(universal asynchronous receiver&transmitter,UART)、控制器域网(controller area network,CAN)、以太网、高速串行计算机扩展总线(peripheral component interconnect express,PCIE)等多种接口的NT。这种NT以现场可编程逻辑门阵列(field programmable gate array, FPGA)为硬件基础,通过设计各接口对应知识产权模块(intellectual property core,IP核),以及基于FPGA平台设计不同接口数据格式转换逻辑模块,完成了符合光纤数据总线要求的NT设计。以该方法设计的NT可以低延时处理在光纤数据总线上UART、CAN、以太网、PCIE等接口的数据。最后,通过与国内外相似总线产品和标准比对,表明该种NT组成的光纤数据总线可以有效解决不同类型接口之间数据传输的问题。     

指控装备通信接口可重构测试系统软件框架设计

指控装备通信接口种类繁多,每种接口的测试需求也不尽相同,传统接口测试系统大多仅针对某个厂家的具体设备和接口开发,功能单一,软硬件重用率低,更新维护成本高。针对上述问题,分析总结了指控装备通信接口的接口特性和测试需求,通过深入研究小型化SCA技术,设计了满足通信接口可重构测试需求的自定义中间件和自定义核心框架,完成了可在通用小型硬件平台上实现的指控装备通信接口可重构测试系统软件框架。由系统典型测试流程图可看出,用户仅通过更改应用组件和系统配置即可实现对多种通信接口的可重构测试,增强了测试系统的通用性和灵活性,提高了测试系统软硬件的重用率,降低了接口测试系统的开发和维护费用。     

Spectroscopic investigation of buried interfaces and liquids with soft X-rays

When, in general, two entities interact, they do it by forming an interface. The properties of such interfaces are determined not only by the properties of the two interface partners, but also to a large degree by the peculiarities of the interface-formation process itself. This is of particular importance in solid-state devices composed of two or more different materials. Unfortunately, the investigation of such interfaces is very difficult for two reasons. First they are, by their nature, buried. Secondly, interfaces generally form a thin layer within a larger ensemble and thus give very weak signals. Nevertheless, a few experimental techniques are available to study such buried interfaces. This report demonstrates that a combination of soft-X-ray spectroscopies (X-ray emission, photoemission, and X-ray absorption) is extremely well suited for this task. As examples, the electronic and chemical properties of several material systems are discussed, including II–VI semiconductors, Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)₂ thin-film solar cells, organic thin films, and liquids. PACS 82.80.Ej; 73.20.-r; 68.35.Fx     

基于TAP.7适配器的电源管理技术的研究

IEEE1149.7标准的提出对系统芯片在测试过程中出现的片上多TAPC、测试功耗急剧增加等难题提供了有效的解决办法;现有TAP.1器件通过添加基于IEEE 1149.7标准设计的TAP.7适配器后,使其具有TAP.7协议接口并支持TAP.7测试架构,从而可利用TAP.7架构对其进行测试;文章重点介绍了TAP.7适配器中的电源管理技术的原理及其模块实现过程;最后基于Quartus II平台及Modelsim进行了该功能模块的仿真验证,结果表明该电源管理模块能够有效地对TAP.7控制器的电源进行控制。     

Optical Spectroscopy of Condensed Phase Interfaces

Abstract

Why interfaces? A natural question with which t o begin our discussion is why should spectroscopes be concerned about interfaces, particularly those between condensed phases. Spectroscopists have traditionally worried about how the interaction of electromagnetic radiation with chemical and physical systems could be used to gain fundamental understanding into questions of structure and dynamics, but now are being asked to extend those measurements from simple bulk phase model systems and compounds to a new class of problems. These problems are characterized by features which are strange indeed to spectroscopists familiar with elucidating molecular parameters from measurements on randomly oriented (or completely oriented in the case of single crystals) ensembles of molecules. These new systems are of molecular dimensions in extent; they are typically partially ordered by the bulk phases which they terminate; they are physically inaccessible in many cases; and they reside in the presence of a huge excess of a bulk phase which is often of similar chemical and physical makeup. Clearly in the face of these daunting challenges there must be a compelling answer to our question, and it is simply this. For many structures, in nature and in technology, it is the interfacial regions which dominate the behavior. From the molecular biologist interested in recognition of self, to the electrical engineer trying to design high reliability VLSI circuitry, to the chemist interest in electrocatalysis, a common theme emerges. The properties of the interface must be understood, and spectroscopy can provide much of this understanding.     

Diffuse contribution to specular spectra and the specular contribution to diffuse spectra in X-ray scattering from rough interfaces

The angular dependences of the intensity of X-ray radiation scattered from multilayer systems with nonideal interfaces are investigated with due regard for the real geometry of a receiver. The influence of the interface roughness and the longitudinal and transverse correlations of the interface roughnesses on the specular- and diffuse-scattering spectra is analyzed. It is demonstrated that the inclusion of the diffuse contribution to the specular-scattering spectra provides information on the correlation lengths in the plane and in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the interface. The roughness parameters determine the ratio between the heights of the central Bragg peak and the diffuse plateau in the diffuse-scattering spectra. The spectra measured for several widths of the detector slit make it possible to separate the true specular and diffuse contributions. This allows one to interpret experimental data more accurately. The results of the calculations are illustrated by analyzing experimental scattering spectra for multilayer systems.     

Numerical investigation on thermal properties at Cu-Al interface in micro/nano manufacturing

A hybrid model by integrating TTM (two-temperature model) and MD (molecular dynamics) is proposed to investigate the properties on interface of dissimilar materials under thermal flux conditions. This model can describe the electron phonon coupling and phonon scattering at the interface of different metals easily. By comparing the Cu-Cu interface and Cu-Al interface, the atoms of the Cu-Cu interface at different sides tend to move together; while, the atoms displacements of Cu and Al are opposite along the interface, which may cause stress and voids at the interface. Moreover, the propagation mechanisms of nanocracks and the corresponding change of temperature distribution and thermal flux are investigated. The results show that the interfaces of dissimilar materials are prone to crack initiations, leading to delaminations because of the high temperature. All these are useful for understanding the deformation and failure of the interfaces structures. It implies a potential method for design and analysis of interface structure in micro/nano manufacturing.     

Unified multiphase modeling for evolving,acoustically coupled systems consisting of acoustic,elastic, poroelastic media and septa

This paper presents a new modeling technique that can represent acoustically coupled systems in a unified manner. The proposed unified multiphase (UMP) modeling technique uses Biot’s equations that are originally derived for poroelastic media to represent not only poroelastic media but also non-poroelastic ones ranging from acoustic and elastic media to septa. To recover the original vibro-acoustic behaviors of non-poroelastic media, material parameters of a base poroelastic medium are adjusted depending on the target media. The real virtue of this UMP technique is that interface coupling conditions between any media can be automatically satisfied, so no medium-dependent interface condition needs to be imposed explicitly. Thereby, the proposed technique can effectively model any acoustically coupled system having locally varying medium phases and evolving interfaces. A typical situation can occur in an iterative design process. Because the proposed UMP modeling technique needs theoretical justifications for further development, this work is mainly focused on how the technique recovers the governing equations of non-poroelastic media and expresses their interface conditions. We also address how to describe various boundary conditions of the media in the technique. Some numerical studies are carried out to demonstrate the validity of the proposed modeling technique.