基于Simulink和Labview的EPS助力特性仿真研究

针对电动助力转向系统(EPS)在单独Simulink仿真时可视化界面差、多参数修改复杂、不利于仿真曲线综合分析的缺点,采用Labview SIT仿真接口工具包,基于Simulink和Labview两者优点对EPS的助力特性进行联合仿真分析;建立了EPS系统的数学模型,设计了参数控制和输出显示的Labview用户界面,并给出了具体的联合仿真实现过程;联合仿真结果符合单独Simulink仿真时的输出结果,同时,验证了所设计的EPS助力控制算法的可行性;试验表明,联合仿真的可视性好、方便调整参数等,为EPS系统的控制器设计和参数标定提供了一种快速有效的设计方法。     

基于模糊控制的EPS车辆操纵稳定性研究

电动助力转向系统(EPS)通过电动机提供助力转矩,协助驾驶员进行转向操纵;在EPS动力学分析的基础上,建立了EPS和汽车二自由度动力学模型,设计了基于模糊控制理论的EPS控制系统及其控制策略,在Simulink中搭建EPS及其模糊控制系统模型,得到汽车车身侧偏角和横摆角速度仿真结果;计算结果表明,与无助力的机械式转向系统相比,装备EPS的车辆车身侧偏角的峰值和标准差分别减少了18.8%和19.1%,具有更好的汽车操纵稳定性。     

补偿转向盘振动力矩的控制策略研究

在Matlab/Simulink中建立了电动助力转向系统动力学模型,根据路感信息与不平路面引起的振动干扰在频率上的区别,经过高通滤波检测出路面不平整产生的转向系统干扰力矩,通过助力电机提供相反大小的力矩对其进行补偿。针对路感信息与路面振动干扰在频率上区分界限的不固定性,设计了一种在线可调节滤波器截止频率的控制方法,避免对车辆路感信息正常传递的影响。仿真结果表明,所设计的补偿控制策略能够有效衰减不平路面干扰力矩到方向盘的传递。     

智能车转向系统的研究及设计

智能车的底层控制主要包括油门、刹车和转向三部分。转向部分主要以电子式助力转向系统(EPS)为基础进行设计。电子控制式电动助力转向系统具有较好的操纵性、安全性、轻便性以及节能性等优点。然而,传统汽车上应用的助力转向系统仅起到辅助作用,对于无人驾驶的智能车来说功率过小,无法实现智能车在静止或者低速行驶时的转向控制,并且智能车的转向控制策略也有所不同。通过选择合理的转向电机、合适的传感器,设计了一套适合智能车的转向系统。通过反复试验,该转向系统可以很好的实现智能车转向控制。     

基于直流无刷电机的汽车EPS系统控制器开发

为了改善转向系统助力性能和降低系统功耗,基于直流无刷电机,研究了电动助力转向系统的结构组成与工作原理,采用Freescale 微控制器MC56F8346作为主控芯片,开发了汽车电动助力转向系统控制器。将控制器分为控制电路和驱动电路两部分,设计了转矩、电流等信号采集电路、霍尔位置传感器的转子位置信号捕捉电路及驱动电路。试验结果表明,所开发的控制器静态功耗低,动态响应快,能够满足电动助力转向系统对转向灵活性、轻便性及可靠性的需求。     

基于电动助力转向的汽车防侧翻预警系统研究

为了使驾驶员能主动感知车辆侧倾状态、防止车辆侧翻,提出了一种新型基于电动助力转向的防侧翻预警系统;利用横向载荷转移率的门限值作为防侧翻预警控制的触发条件,采用助力电机电流补偿控制,当车辆侧倾较大,即横向载荷转移率超过门限值时,预警控制系统使驾驶员操纵转向盘力矩增大,结合侧翻报警灯工作,提醒驾驶员车辆正处于危险工况;MATLAB/Simulink中的仿真分析验证了防侧翻预警控制器能有效的提高车辆的操稳性。     

蒸汽发生器检测机器人运动分析与控制实现

在核电站蒸汽发生器复杂环境下,为准确控制机器人完成管板检测任务,提出了一种基于STM8处理器的爬壁机器人运动控制方法。针对机器人两个不同轴线驱动轮的结构特点,运用运动学理论建立了机器人运动方程,分析了机器人的运动特性。设计了爬壁机器人硬件控制电路,为提高机器人的控制精度,采用了位置环,速度环和电流环三环PID软件控制策略。最后,对此控制方法进行了相关实验验证。实验结果表明,爬壁机器人控制电路设计合理可靠,三环PID算法实现了较好的运动效果,满足设计要求。     

基于PID的流量调节阀的设计

针对流量控制,设计了一种结构简单、控制方便、精度高的基于PID的流量调节阀。流量调节阀主要由手动平衡阀、流量传感器、步进电机和控制器四部分组成,控制器采用PID算法控制步进电机。检测步进电机电流的大小不仅能确定手动平衡阀是否到达了极限调节值,也可以防止过电流损坏电机。实验测试中,用PC机对输出流量值进行设定和对流量调节阀的控制效果进行分析。通过反复试验,证明了输出的流量值能准确快速的跟随设定值的变化而变化。研究表明,基于PID的流量调节阀能实现高精度的流量控制。     

一种用于红外目标信号接收的稳健匹配滤波算法

针对远距离红外探测目标信号的不确定性问题,提出一种稳健的红外信号匹配滤波新算法.定性分析了红外探测目标的有用信号谱畸变来源,基于巴什瓦定理建立了目标信号的不确定谱模型,并分析了信号谱畸变的相关因子.利用极大极小方法构建稳健匹配滤波的信噪比输出鞍点解,并基于内层极大和外层极小的二层遗传优化算法求解鞍点解和最不利信号频谱,...     

梯形高温超导磁体电磁特性仿真与实验研究

超导电动悬浮列车以超导磁体作为核心部件, 具有环境影响小、 高速下自稳定、 安全性能好等优点, 已成为高速轨道交通的重要发展方向之一. 然而, 传统的磁体线圈结构存在绕组内磁场过于集中的问题, 导致磁体的临界电流下降显著, 列车的悬浮及安全性能也受到影响. 针对现有悬浮磁体结构自场集中导致的临界电流衰减问题,本文提出了一种梯形高温超导磁体线圈结构. 建立了一种可以提升磁体临界电流计算效率的均质自洽模型, 设计了梯形结构线圈的结构参数并完成了磁体线圈的绕制. 实验和计算结果表明, 自洽模型计算的磁体临界电流与实验测量值吻合良好, 验证了模型的准确性. 利用该模型对日本山梨试验线上的全尺寸车载高温超导磁体进行了结构优化设计. 研究发现, 优化后的车载磁体绕组内磁场集中程度明显下降, 车载磁体的临界电流及目标区域的磁场强度显著提高. 本研究相关成果可为电动悬浮列车车载磁体的结构设计提供参考.     

白光和红绿蓝光LED可调光源研制

为了提高LED光源色温和亮度的调节精度和准确度,结合色温由低向高变化时光色所呈现的渐变特点,提出了一种低色温白光LED灯珠、高色温白光LED灯珠加红绿蓝光LED灯珠补偿式调光的方法.将色温分成三个部分进行调节,每个部分选用不同的LED灯珠组合来进行调光.实验结果表明:不同组合情况下的LED光源的初始输出色温相对于目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;亮度可以在保证色温不变的情况下独立进行调节,初始输出值与目标值的偏差范围在1％以内;经过微调之后可以达到目标值;达到了色温和亮度独立调节的要求;光源发光稳定,不会因为长时间工作而影响调节精度.     

Muonic and pionic L- and M-series in carbon and oxygen and the pionic 2p level shift and width of oxygen

Muonic and pionic X-rays of the L- and M-series in C and O have been measured with a Si(Li) detector in the energy range between 7 keV and 60 keV. The target consisted of mylar (C₅H₄O₂). Energies and intensities of 21 transitions have been determined. The strong interaction shift of the pionic 2p level in O was measured and found to be +4.1 ±2.3 eV. The measured width of this level is 11±6 eV. The measured yields have been compared with cascade calculations.     

Visualization and interferometry for cylindrical and spherical sample tomography and profilometry

A technique combining image processing and laser interferometry for visualizing and detecting the deformation of transparent cylindrical and spherical sample is proposed. This deformation includes geometric deformation such as volume transition in profilometry and physical deformation such as refractive index change in tomography. Phase contour lines are used for quantitative analysis and graphical representation of the deformation. This method allows us to visually detect the spatial variation of the deformation field and to evaluate the test quality such as misalignment of optical system. A theoretical analysis using phase contour map to characterize the deformation field is described in detail. A method using phase contour map to qualify the interferometric test is proposed. Analysis of test examples is carried out. Suggestions on using phase contour line method to ameliorate test system design are finally discussed.     

Nonlocal potentials and their exact and approximate local and velocity-dependent equivalents

We show that good approximations to the exact equivalent local potential (ELP) and damping factor of a nonlocal Perey-Buck potential can be calculated in the partial wave WKB approximation of Horiuchi. The exact ELP and damping factor are obtained by means of a method previously given by one of us. We also confirm that an approximate ELP proposed by Bauhoff et al. is of comparable accuracy as the Horiuchi approximation. Thesel-dependent ELP's exhibit reduced attraction in the interior and provide a test for higher order WKB approximations. We subsequently obtain an equivalent velocity dependent potential (EVDP) which is even exactly wave function equivalent to the original nonlocal potential. This almost local potential, unlike the trivial equivalent local potential, is smooth and well-behaved and is therefore particularly useful in nuclear reactions where the off-shell behaviour of the potential is important.     

Spin and Statistics and First Principles

It was shown in the early seventies that, in Local Quantum Theory (that is the most general formulation of Quantum Field Theory, if we leave out only the unknown scenario of Quantum Gravity) the notion of Statistics can be grounded solely on the local observable quantities (without assuming neither the commutation relations nor even the existence of unobservable charged field operators); one finds that only the well known (para)statistics of Bose/Fermi type are allowed by the key principle of local commutativity of observables. In this frame it was possible to formulate and prove the Spin and Statistics Theorem purely on the basis of First Principles.     

Quantum and Classical Disparity and Accord

Discrepancies and accords between quantum (QM) and classical mechanics (CM) related to expectation values and periods are generally found for both the harmonic oscillator (SHO) and a free particle in a box (FPB), which may apply generally. These indicate non-locality is expected throughout QM. The FPB energy states violate the Correspondence Principle. Previously unexpected accords are found and proven that 〈x ²〉 _CM =〈x ²〉 _QM and τ _CM =τ _QMb (beat period i.e. beats between the phases for adjoining energy states) for the SHO for all quantum numbers, n. However, for the FPB the beat periods differ at small n. It is shown that a particle’s velocity in an infinite square well varies, no matter how wide the box, nor how far the particle is from the walls. The quantum free particle variances share an indirect commonality with the Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher effects in that there is a quantum action in the absence of a force. The concept of an “Expectation Value over a Partial Well Width” is introduced. This paper raises the question as to whether these inconsistencies are undetectable, or can be empirically ascertained. These inherent variances may need to be fixed, or nature is manifestly more non-classical than expected.