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使用基于混合基表示的第一原理赝势法,研究了CuSn化合物的电子与几何结构性质.得出CuSn二元化合物在NaCl结构、 CsCl结构、闪锌矿结构、 WC结构、 NiAs结构和四角结构(在CsCl结构计算的基础上,再沿C轴畸变)下的体系"能量-体积"的关系,即能量与结构相图;还给出了最稳定相的能带结构、电子态密度以及电荷密度分布等性质,也讨论了CuSn在最稳定的NiAs结构下电子键合性质的特点.计算得到的CuSn能量最低结构为NiAs结构,与实验结果一致. 相似文献
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采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理方法,通过比较形成能(Eform)、价电子浓度(VEC)、弹性常数(Cij)、剪切模量(G)与体模量(B)的比值(G/B)以及派-纳力(τP-N)等参量的变化,研究了Ti、Cr、Al和B合金化对D81结构的α-Nb5Si3结构稳定性和力学性能的影响.研究表明:合金化元素Ti、Cr、Al和B分别优先占据α-Nb5Si3中Nb4c、Nb4c、Si4a和Si8h位置;添加不同含量合金化元素的α-Nb5Si3仍保持稳定的D81结构;Ti、Al和B合金化使α-Nb5Si3的脆性增加,而随着Cr含量的增加,α-Nb5Si3的韧性逐渐增强.此外,态密度(DOS)和Mulliken布居等电子结构的计算结果表明:Ti、Al和B合金化导致α-Nb5Si3脆性增加的主要原因是提高了共价键的强度;而Cr合金化的增韧作用主要来源于共价键数量的减少和强度的削弱,以及更多的反键态被占据. 相似文献
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采用密度泛函理论的四种方法:杂化密度泛函B3LYP与B3PW91、Perdew-Wang91交换与相关泛函WP91PW91、局域自旋密度近似SVWN,研究了A15、Al5-和Al5+团簇的多种可能结构,找到了它们稳定的结构与自旋态,与已有的理论结果作了比较,并计算了Al5-的绝热与垂直电子离解能、Al5的绝热与垂直电离势,同有关的实验数据比较,符合较好.同时对四种密度泛函方法的计算结果作了一些比较与讨论. 相似文献
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利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算了空位和B替位掺杂对Si在石墨烯上吸附的影响. 结果表明: 对完整的石墨烯结构, Si吸附在桥位最稳定, Si吸附改变了石墨烯中C原子的自旋性质; 空位和B替位掺杂均加强了Si在缺陷处的吸附, 空位对Si在石墨烯上吸附的影响相对较大; B掺杂改变了Si的稳定吸附位置(由桥位移到顶位); Si在空位和B掺杂石墨烯上吸附, 体系不具有磁性; B掺杂提高了石墨烯体系的导电性能; 单空位缺陷不易形成, 结构不稳定, B掺杂结构相对较稳定. 相似文献
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用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法, 在6-31G*水平上对Al8P8团簇的环状结构进行了几何结构优化, 并在同一水平上计算了Al8P8团簇的电子结构、振动特性及极化率和超极化率. 用自然键轨道(NBO)方法分析了成键性质, Al8P8团簇中离子键和共价键共存, 而且在不同轨道中原子间成键有不同的杂化方式. 计算结果表明: 优化后的Al8P8团簇为双层环状结构; 价电子态密度显示其电子结构具有半导体的性质; 最强的IR和Raman谱峰分别位于530.65 cm-1和366. 54 cm-1处. 相似文献
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ZSM-5分子筛中相邻酸性位的酸性强度及其对乙烯质子化反应影响的理论计算 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
应用量子力学与分子力学联合的 ONIOM2(B3LYP/6-31G(d,p):UFF)方法, 对 ZSM-5 分子筛中与 T6, T9 和 T12 位相邻的骨架铝的落位稳定性以及酸性强度进行了理论计算. 根据 Si/Al 替代能确定了最稳定的相邻酸性位在 Al6-Al6 位, 其次是 Al6-Al9 位, 通过 (Si/Al,H) 替代能计算确定了氢质子的落位. 计算结果证明了相邻骨架铝会导致酸性强度降低, 而且 Al6-Al9 位的酸性低于 Al6-Al6 位. 应用密度泛函理论方法进一步考察了相邻酸性位对乙烯分子吸附和质子化反应历程的影响. 结果表明, -Al-O-Si-O-Al-结构的相邻酸性位对乙烯分子的吸附以及质子化反应历程有明显影响, 尤其是使乙醇盐产物更不稳定. 相似文献
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To enhance understanding of the Zintl-Klemm concept, which is useful for characterizing chemical bonding in semimetallic and semiconducting valence compounds, and to more effectively rationalize the structures of Zintl phases, we present a partitioning scheme of the total energy calculated on numerous possible structures of the alkali metal trielides, LiAl, LiTl, NaTl, and KTl, using first-principles quantum mechanical calculations. This assessment of the total energy considers the relative effects of covalent, ionic, and metallic interactions, all of which are important to understand the complete structural behavior of Zintl phases. In particular, valence electron transfer and anisotropic covalent interactions, explicitly employed by the Zintl-Klemm concept, are often in competition with isotropic, volume-dependent metallic and ionic interaction terms. Furthermore, factors including relativistic effects, electronegativity differences, and atomic size ratios between the alkali metal and triel atoms can affect the competition by enhancing or weakening one of the three energetic contributors and thus cause structural variations. This partitioning of the total energy, coupled with analysis of the electronic density of states curves, correctly predicts and rationalizes the structures of LiAl, LiTl, NaTl, and KTl, as well as identifies a pressure-induced phase transition in KTl from its structure, based on [Tl(6)](6-) distorted octahedra, to the double diamond NaTl-type. 相似文献
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Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/Modified Lithium‐Aluminum‐Layered Double Hydroxide Nanocomposites Prepared Using In‐situ Polymerization
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Layered double hydroxides are a type of layered stacked compound, which can be intercalated with organic‐molecule modifiers. An ion‐exchange process for layered double hydroxide (LDH) was used to intercalate water‐soluble sulfanilic acid salt (SAS) and dimethyl 5‐sulfoisopthalate (DMSI) into lithium aluminum layered double hydroxides (LiAl LDHs). In this work, a hydrothermal process was used to modify LiAl LDHs, and the modified LiAl LDHs were treated with either SAS or DMSI through an ion‐exchange process and were then intercalated using bis‐hydroxyethylene terephthalate (BHET). The results indicate that the modified LiAl LDHs improved the interlayer compatibility between the PET and LiAl LDH layers; thus, enabling the oligomer molecules to more easily enter the gallery of the LiAl LDH layers so that polymer chains could be included between the LDH layers during polymerization of the matrix. The better barrier, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of these new types of PET nanocomposites are discussed. 相似文献
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As an excellent bandgap-engineering material, the Cd(1-x)Zn(x)S solid solution, is found to be an efficient visible light response photocatalyst for water splitting, but few theoretical studies have been performed on it. A better characterization of the composition dependence of the physical and optical properties of this material and a thorough understanding of the bandgap-variation mechanism are necessary to optimize the design of high-efficience photocatalysts. In order to get an insight into these problems, we systematically investigated the crystal structure, the phase stability, and the electronic structures of the Cd(1-x)Zn(x)S solid solution by means of density functional theory calculations. The most energetically favorable arrangement of the Cd, Zn, S atoms and the structural disorder of the solid solution are revealed. The phase diagram of the Cd(1-x)Zn(x)S solid solution is calculated based on regular-solution model and compared with the experimental data. This is the first report on the calculated phase diagram of this solid solution, and can give guidance for the experimental synthesis of this material. Furthermore, the variation of the electronic structures versus x and its mechanism are elaborated in detail, and the experimental bandgap as a function of x is well predicted. Our findings provide important insights into the experimentally observed structural and electronic properties, and can give theoretical guidelines for the further design of the Cd(1-x)Zn(x)S solid solution. 相似文献
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Photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) is combined with theoretical calculations to investigate the electronic and atomic structures of three doped aluminum clusters, MAl12- (M=Li, Cu, and Au). Well-resolved PES spectra have been obtained at two detachment photon energies, 266 nm (4.661 eV) and 193 nm (6.424 eV). Basin-hopping global optimization method in combination with density-functional theory calculations has been used for the structural searches. Good agreement between the measured PES spectra and theoretical simulations helps to identify the global minimum structures. It is found that LiAl12- (C(5nu)) can be viewed as replacing a surface Al atom by Li on an icosahedral Al13-, whereas Cu prefers the central site to form the encapsulated D3d-Cu@Al12-. For AuAl12- (C1), Au also prefers the central site, but severely distorts the Al12 cage due to its large size. 相似文献
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通过第一性原理计算,优化了铁磁性过渡离子掺杂的纤锌矿相硫化锌Fm0.125Zn0.875S(Fm=Fe、Co、Ni)的几何结构,计算了其电子结构,分析了其半金属性及其微观机制。结果表明:对不同的铁磁性杂质离子,Fm0.125Zn0.875S在费米面处的自旋极化率均为-100%,具有半金属性,是潜在的优质自旋注入材料。Fm0.125Zn0.875S具有较宽的自旋带隙,从而具有较高的居里温度和广泛的应用前景。Fe0.125Zn0.875S、Co0.125Zn0.875S和Ni0.125Zn0.875S的2×2×1超胞的磁矩分别为3.96μB、2.90μB和2.00μB,主要来自于铁磁性过渡离子Fe、Co和Ni离子。这3种离子的电子结构分别为eg2↑eg1↓t2g3↑,eg2↑eg2↓t2g3↑和eg2↑eg2↓t2g3↑t2g1↓。 相似文献
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在INDO/CI方法的基础上,预测B32及其包心化合物的电子结构与光谱,并与其共轭多面体C40及其包心化合物进行对比。 相似文献
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GUO Qiao-Linga GUO Jin-Changb LI Si-Dianb② a 《结构化学》2008,27(6):651-658
A density functional theory investigation on the geometries, electronic structures, and electron detachment energies of BS, BS2, B(BS)2 and B(BS)3 has been performed in this work. The linear ground-state structures of BS (C∞v, ^1∑^+) and BS2^- (O∞h, ^1∑g^+) prove to be similar to the previously reported BO and BO2 with systematically lower electron detachment energies. Small boron sulfide clusters are found to favor the formation of -B=S groups which function basically as a-radicals and dominate the ground-state structures of the systems. The perfect linear B(BS)2^-(D∞h, ^3∑g) and beautiful equilateral triangle B(BS)3^- (D3h,^2A1”) turn out to be analogous to the well-known C2v BH2 and O3h BH3, respectively. The electron affinities of BS, BS2, B(BS)2 and B(BS)3 are predicted to be 2.3, 3.69, 3.00 and 3.45 eV, respectively. The electron detachment energies calculated for BS^-, BS2^-, B(BS)2^-, and B(BS)3^- may facilitate future photoelectron spectroscopy measurements to characterize the geometrical and electronic structures of these anions. 相似文献
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Yuan Y Deng K Liu Y Tang C Tan W Huang D Yang J Wang X 《The Journal of chemical physics》2008,128(6):064314
The geometric and electronic properties of the titanium carbide TiC(5) cluster in its neutral and anionic charge states have been investigated using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP level. The nonplanar six-membered ring-type or "butterflylike" structures are found to be the equilibrium geometric structures of TiC(5) and TiC(5) (-). Time-dependent DFT is used in the calculation of the excited states. The theoretical assignment at the B3LYP level for the features in the photoelectron spectrum is given. All results obtained are in good agreement with the available experimental data. 相似文献
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We use the density functional theory and x-ray and neutron diffraction to investigate the crystal structures and reaction mechanisms of intermediate phases likely to be involved in decomposition of the potential hydrogen storage material LiAlH(4). First, we explore the decomposition mechanism of monoclinic LiAlH(4) into monoclinic Li(3)AlH(6) plus face-centered cubic (fcc) Al and hydrogen. We find that this reaction proceeds through a five-step mechanism with an overall activation barrier of 36.9 kcal/mol. The simulated x ray and neutron diffraction patterns from LiAlH(4) and Li(3)AlH(6) agree well with experimental data. On the other hand, the alternative decomposition of LiAlH(4) into LiAlH(2) plus H(2) is predicted to be unstable with respect to that through Li(3)AlH(6). Next, we investigate thermal decomposition of Li(3)AlH(6) into fcc LiH plus Al and hydrogen, occurring through a four-step mechanism with an activation barrier of 17.4 kcal/mol for the rate-limiting step. In the first and second steps, two Li atoms accept two H atoms from AlH(6) to form the stable Li-H-Li-H complex. Then, two sequential H(2) desorption steps are followed, which eventually result in fcc LiH plus fcc Al and hydrogen: Li(3)AlH(6)(monoclinic)-->3 LiH(fcc)+Al(fcc)+3/2 H(2) is endothermic by 15.8 kcal/mol. The dissociation energy of 15.8 kcal/mol per formula unit compares to experimental enthalpies in the range of 9.8-23.9 kcal/mol. Finally, we explore thermal decomposition of LiH, LiH(s)+Al(s)-->LiAl(s)+12H(2)(g) is endothermic by 4.6 kcal/mol. The B32 phase, which we predict as the lowest energy structure for LiAl, shows covalent bond characters in the Al-Al direction. Additionally, we determine that transformation of LiH plus Al into LiAlH is unstable with respect to transformation of LiH through LiAl. 相似文献