Primary structure of triacetinase — An esterase from cotton seeds IV. Peptides of the chymotryptic and thermolytic hydrolysis of cyanogen bromide fragments of triacetinase

Summary 1. Peptides from a chymotryptic hydrolyzate of cyanogen bromide fragment B-7 have been isolated and characterized. The structure of some peptides of the chymotryptic hydrolyzate have been studied and this has enabled the tryptic peptides to be linked up.2. The peptides of a thermolysin hydrolyzate of cyanogen bromide B-5 have been isolated and characterized. The study of the structure of the thermolysin peptides has permitted the linking of two tryptic peptides.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 248–253, March–April, 1978.     

Primary structure of triacetinase — An esterase from cotton seeds III. Peptides from tryptic hydrolysis

Summary 1. The peptides from tryptic hydrolysis of triacetinase have been isolated and characterized and their amino-acid sequences have been determined.2. On the basis of the results of the determination of the amino-acid sequences of the peptides of the tryptic hydrolyzate the sequence of peptides of the cyanogen bromide hydrolysis of triacetinase has been established or confirmed.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 241–248, March–April, 1978.     

Quaternary structure of glucosooxidase from penicillium vitale

Conclusions The molecular weights of the products of denaturation of glucosooxidase from penicillium vitale were investigated by the method of sedimentation equilibrium in an ultracentrifuge. The N- and C-terminal amino acids of this protein were determined. It is shown that glucosooxidase consists of four identical, paired peptide chains with molecular weights close to 40,000.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1437–1439, June, 1972.     

Extraction of cottonseed meal

Summary A method for extracting protein in a weakly acid medium has been developed which ensures, apart from a satisfactory yield and a good-quality main product, the isolation of a valuable medicinal preparation — phytin.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 849–952, November–December, 1977.     

Extraction of cottonseed oil

Summary It has been shown that oil of the best quality is obtained on its selective extraction by hexane. Subsequent extraction from the meal of gossypol by 70–80% aqueous, and then dry, acetone permits meal to be obtained with a light cream color containing 0.02% of free gossypol. The omission of dry acetone leads to a darkening of the meal.It has been established that it is possible to achieve a reduction in the consumption of solvents on the direct extraction of cottonseed flake by using weak oil and gossypol miscellas.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 170–173, March–April, 1978.     

Lipids of cottonseed kernels

The free, bound, and strongly bound lipids of the seed kernels of the cotton plant of variety 108-F have been studied. It has been shown that the free and bound lipids include 97.3% and 47.6% of neutral lipids, respectively. The polar lipids consist mainly of phospholipids and glycolipids. Two groups of glycolipids — sterol glycosides and glycosylglycerides — have been isolated and their compositions have been determined.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 435–438, July–August, 1983.     

Evaluation of polyblends of cottonseed protein and polycaprolactone plasticized by cottonseed oil

Recently, there has been an increasing trend toward replacing conventional fossil-based plastics with bioplastics that are eco-friendly and biodegradable. In this work, blends of polycaprolactone (PCL) and cottonseed protein plasticized with cottonseed oil were made and analyzed for their mechanical, adhesive, and thermal properties. The addition of water-washed cottonseed meal (WCSM) to PCL increased the Young’s modulus but decreased the tensile strength and elongation-at-break of PCL. The addition of cottonseed oil to the PCL/WCSM blend kept the tensile strength about the same but enhanced the elongation. The PCL blends with WCSM and cottonseed protein isolate gave about the same mechanical properties, both somewhat better than the PCL/soy protein isolate blend. As plasticizers, cottonseed oil performed slightly better than coconut oil, both better than poly(ethylene glycol). The addition of WCSM and cottonseed oil (up to a PCL:WCSM:plasticizer ratio of 60:40:20) did not change the adhesive performance of PCL on fiberboard. Thus, the combination of PCL/cottonseed protein/cottonseed oil seems to be a viable bioplastic, and one possible application for this material may be in the hot melt adhesive area.     

Composition of cottonseed soapstock fats

The compositions of cottonseed soapstocks from first-grade and low-grade cotton seeds have been studied by the methods of CC on polyamide and on silica gel, TLC, GLC, ESR, and UV, IR, and mass spectrometry. It has been found that saturated, and also oxygenated, fatty acids, nonpolar acylglycerols, glycolipids, sterols, arylalkanes, gossypol pigments, and ions of metals of variable valence are concentrated in the acid fat of the soapstock from low-grade seeds. The soapstock contains a very small amount of tocopherols and phospholipids, mainly phosphatidylinositols. The combined gossypol pigments of the soapstocks include stabilized gossypol radical ions.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 502–508, July–August, 1988.