多聚磷酸存在下取代6-苄硫基嘧啶与羧酸的环合反应研究

以多聚磷酸(PPA)为催化剂, 对取代6-苄硫基嘧啶与羧酸的反应进行了研究. 当羧酸为脂肪酸时, 在60-80 ℃下反应, 可选择性地得到6-苄硫基嘌呤衍生物; 改用芳香酸时, 则得到硫上的苄基被脱除的6-巯基嘌呤和嘧啶并[5,4-d]噻唑; 如果将嘧啶4-位上伯胺取代基变成仲胺取代基, 只得到嘧啶并[5,4-d]噻唑. 通过双途径反应机理对上述现象进行了解释.     

Sulfonation of Benzocrown Ethers by Potassium Sulfate in Polyphosphoric Acid

A new method is developed for the sulfonation of benzocrown ethers with potassium sulfate in polyphosphoric acid. The reaction takes place spontaneously and gives high yields of the sulfonic acids.     

Convenient Synthesis of Thioester-Substituted Oxindoles by Palladium-Catalyzed Thiocarbonylative Cyclization with Sulfonyl Chlorides as the Sulfur Source

A general and straightforward strategy for the synthesis of thioester-substituted oxindoles via a palladium-catalyzed thiocarbonylative cyclization process has been developed. With sulfonyl chlorides as promising sulfur source, a wide range of thioester-substituted oxindoles were obtained in moderate to high yields. Both aryl and alkyl sulfonyl chlorides were well tolerated, and Mo(CO)₆ played a dual role as both a CO source and a reductant in this approach.      

Carbohydrate Phosphorylation with Phosphoric Acid,Polyphosphoric Acid,Pyrophosphoric Acid,and Anhydrous Phosphoric Acid

Abstract

Pyrophosphoric acid was first reported as a phosphorylating agent for highmolecular weight alcohols in 1934¹. Direct phosphorylating of sugars and sugar derivatives was first carried out by Cherbuliez² who used polyphosphoric acid on alcohols, amines and glycols. These precedents suggested to Seegmiller and Horecker in 1951³ to try tetraphosphoric (polyphosphoric) acid, as supplied by commercs, as the phosphorylating agent of carbohydrate phosphorylation. Carbohydrates can be phosphorylated when all but one of the positions is blocked by suitable protective groups, or, on rare occasions, in the unblocked, “natural” stata.? The latter method can be used only on terminal, C₅ or C₆ positions as the 5-phosphates of pentoses and the 6-phosphates of hexoses are more stable at low pH than other phosphates and can withstand an acidic hydrolysis of the mixture of phosphorylated sugars resulting from such phosphorylation. For the phosphorylation of easily available, cheap pentoses and hexoses in the 5- and 6-positions respectively, with cheap polyphosphoric acid, this is the method of choice.     

Nitration of Benzo Crown Ethers with Potassium Nitrate in Polyphosphoric Acid

A general method for the nitration of benzo crown ethers with potassium nitrate in polyphosphoric acid has been developed. Mono- and dinitro derivatives of benzo-12-crown-4, benzo-15-crown-5, dibenzo-18-crown-6, and dibenzo-24-crown-8 have been prepared. The role of complex formation in the regioselective tendency for the nitration of dibenzo-18-crown-6 has been demonstrated.     

Rearrangement of Indolinesulfonamides to Sulfones Using Polyphosphoric Acid (PPA)

Unlike other N-alkylsulfonanilides, indolinesulfonamides hydrolyze in 98% sulfuric acid. Recent work in this laboratory has shown that rearrangement can be achieved by using polyphosphoric acid. A series of substituted indolinesulfonamides has been prepared and rearranged to their corresponding indoline arylsulfones.     

Cyclopolycondensations. VIII. New Thermally Stable Aromatic Polybenzoxazinones by Solution Polymerization in Polyphosphoric Acid

High molecular weight polybenzoxazinones have been prepared by cyclo-polycondensation reaction of 4,4′-diamino-3,3′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid with a variety of aromatic carbonyl compounds using a solution polymerization technique in polyphosphoric acid. From the model reactions of anthranilic acid, and 4,4′-diamino-3,3′-biphenyldicarboxylic acid with benzoyl chloride in polyphosphoric acid, it is established that the cyclopolycondensation proceeds through the formation of an open-chain tractable precursor, polyamic acid of high molecular weight (ninh = 2.66) in the first step, which subsequently undergoes thermal or chemical cyclodehydration along the polymer chain, to yield, in the second step, a fully aromatic polybenz-oxazinone. Polybenzoxazinones thus obtained have excellent thermal stability both in nitrogen and in air.

The optimum polymerization conditions for obtaining polyamic acid of high molecular weight are determined by the study of reaction variables such as polymerization temperatures, monomer concentrations, and reaction time as well as the effect of P₂O₅ concentrations in polyphosphoric acid.     

Reaction of N-Phtalylamino Acid Chlorides with Trialkyl Phosphites

Abstract

Reaction of N-blocked amino acid chlorides with trialkyl phosphites is a first step in the synthesis of 2-amino-l-hydroxyalkylphosphonates. Quite surprisingly a very purl trialkyl phosphite is required m order to obtain the desired N-blocked 2-amino-1-oxoalkylphosphonate. Thus, the use of commercially rvailrble phosphites prolongation of the reaction time, or attempts for chromatographic purification of the formed oxophosphonate resulted m quite complicated mixture of products. We haw found that these products arise as a consequence of rearrangements of 1oxo-2. phtalylnmmoalLylphosphonates in a series of reactions which are promoted by that presence of dialkyl phosphite (standard impurity present m commercially availablt trialkyl phosphites) in the reaction medium.     

Trimers of Aliphatic Monosubstituted Ketenes from Acid Chlorides

A new synthesis of trimers of aliphatic monosubstituted ketenes from acid chlorides is described. The structures of the products are shown to be alkyl substituted γ-hydroxy-α-pyrones by NMR. and mass spectroscopy. ¹³C-NMR. studies indicate, that an acetanilide/aluminium-chloride complex catalyses the formation of the products.     

水杨酸及其氯代物的毛细管电泳分析研究

建立了分析水杨酸、５－氯代水杨酸、三氯水杨酸等水杨酸类化合物的毛细管区带电泳法（ＣＺＥ）。讨论了电压、缓冲溶液的浓度和ｐＨ值对分析结果的影响。其中缓冲溶液的ｐＨ值对分析结果的影响最为显著。ｐＨ〈７．４０时,三种化合物的出峰顺序为：三氯水杨酸、５－氯代水杨酸、水杨酸;当ｐＨ〉７．４０时,三种化合物的出峰顺序为：５－氯代水杨酸、水杨酸、三氯水杨酸。水杨酸、５－氯代水杨酸、三氯水杨酸的检出限分别为０．１     

N,N-Dimethylamination of Acid Chlorides with Dmf

A solution of acid chlorides 3a-g in DMF solvent was refluxed to give N,N-dimethylamides 4a-f and 5g in excellent yields.     

Acylation of Amino Acids with Furancarboxylic Acid Chlorides

Acylation of aromatic amino acids with furancarboxylic acid chlorides effectively proceeds in water-acetone medium at pH 8-9. Aliphatic amino acids are acylated at higher pH values, but under these conditions hydrolysis of acid chlorides becomes the main process. Acylation of chlorohydrates of methyl esters of aliphatic amino acids proceeds smoothly in chloroform in the presence of triethylamine. Alkaline hydrolysis of obtained products leads to N-acylated amino acids containing furan heteroring in the acyl radical.     

Fragmentation of α-Acetoximino Ketoesters in Polyphosphoric Acid

Fragmentations of various α-acetoximino ketoesters in neat polyphosphoric acid medium to form acylium ions were studied. The resulting acylium ions were trapped by benzene rings either intermolecularly or intramolecularly.     

Acylation of Dibenzo-18-crown-6 with Alkali-metal Acetates in Polyphosphoric Acid

The acylation of dibenzo-18-crown-6 by lithium, sodium, and potassium acetates in polyphosphoric acid was studied. Complexes of dibenzo-18-crown-6 with the acetates were obtained. A new method is proposed for the production of mono- and diacetyldibenzo-18-crown-6 by the reaction of dibenzo-18-crown-6 complexes with metal acetates in polyphosphoric acid. __________ Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 8, pp. 1146–1149, August, 2005.     

杂多酸对二甘醇脱水环化反应的催化作用

研究了杂多酸对二甘醇脱水环化的催化作用。结果表明,磷钨酸,硅钨酸,硅钼酸具有较高的催化活性,而磷钼酸的催化活性较低。采用ＴＧ,ＩＲ,ＧＣ－ＭＳ,电导等测试技术,对正丁胺酸性,杂多阴离子碱度,还原特性的测定及对产物结构的分析。     

Synthesis of Functionalized Ketones from Acid Chlorides and Organolithiums by Extremely Fast Micromixing

Synthesis of ketones containing various functional groups from acid chlorides bearing electrophilic functional groups and functionalized organolithiums was achieved using a flow microreactor system. Extremely fast mixing is important for high chemoselectivity.