Observation of Spin and Valley Splitting of Landau Levels under Magnetic Tunneling in Graphene/Boron Nitride/Graphene Structures

Resonance magnetic tunneling in heterostructures formed by graphene single sheets separated by a hexagonal boron nitride barrier and bounded by two gates has been investigated in a strong magnetic field, which has allowed observing transitions between spin- and valley-split Landau levels with various indices belonging to different graphene sheets. An unexpected increase with the temperature in the interlayer tunneling conductance owing to transitions between the Landau levels in strong magnetic fields cannot be explained by existing theories.     

双层h-BN/Graphene结构稳定性及其掺杂特性的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算方法研究了双层h-BN/Graphene的稳定性及其掺杂特性.研究发现,双层h-BN/Graphene能带结构在K点处有一个小的带隙,在费米能处有类Graphene的线性色散关系.通过施加应变和掺杂来调节带隙,发现掺杂后费米能级附近引入的新能级,主要是N原子的贡献,掺杂后的Na原子和N,C之间存在电荷转移,材料转变为金属性.电荷的转移、载流子密度的增加,在电子元器件中有重要的应用前景.     

CdTe/CdS的合成及其作为VB1高灵敏荧光探针的应用

以CdTe/CdS量子点为荧光探针,荧光猝灭为理论基础,设计出一种快速、超灵敏且高选择性的检测片剂与注射剂中VB₁含量的方法。结果表明,VB₁在2.0×10^-7—5.0×10^-5mg/mL的范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.9994,检出限（S/N=3）为0.12ng/mL。将3×10^-5mg/mL的VB₁标准溶液平行测定7次,RSD为0.64%,加标回收实验结果满意。     

柱压缩测量辐射不透明度靶的数值模拟

 用数值模拟研究用高功率强激光驱动柱压缩产生低温度密度梯度的高温高密度等离子体的可能性,研究了可能获得的高温高密度等离子体状态的范围,并估计了此类靶中Rayleigh-Taylor不稳定性和Richtmyer-Meshkov不稳定性产生的危害程度。结果表明柱压缩可以产生比较均匀的等离子体状态,可以用于辐射不透明度的实验测量。     

铜箔碳掺杂对化学气相沉积生长的六方氮化硼中含碳色心的高效制备及其调控

缺陷和掺杂对材料的力学、 电子和光学性能均具有重要影响. 六方氮化硼(Hexagonal Boron Nitride, hBN)由于具有a6 eV 的宽带隙, 其中的点缺陷可以在带隙内产生发射波长覆盖近紫外-近红外波段的室温稳定发光的深能级色心, 是量子光源等光学的理想载体. 近年来的实验和理论研究表明, 碳缺陷是h-BN 可见光波段单光子发射的主要可能来源之一; 然而, 当前对h-BN 中碳缺陷的有效制备和精确调控仍存在挑战. 本文报道了一种有效方法, 通过在化学气相沉积(Chemicalvapordeposition, CVD) 过程中预先控制用于催化生长h-BN 的铜箔衬底中的碳含量, 制备得到了不同密度的零声子发射(Zero-phononlines, ZPL)波长位于626±3 nm 的色心; 此外, 我们还观察到气氛退火对色心发光显著的调控作用. 该色心优良的单色性和可调控性有助于推动基于h-BN 的量子光源和光子学器件的潜在应用, 对理解h-BN 中碳缺陷的形成亦具有重要意义.     

Tunneling conductance through the half-metal/conical magnet/superconductor junctions in the adiabatic and non-adiabatic regimes: Self-consistent calculations

The tunneling conductance through the half-metal/conical magnet/superconductor (HM/CM/SC) junctions is investigated with the use of the Bogoliubov–de Gennes equations in the framework of Blonder–Tinkham–Klapwijk formalism. Due to the spin band separation in the HM, the conductance in the subgap region is mainly determined by the anomalous Andreev reflection, the probability of which strongly depends on the spin transmission in the CM layer. We show that the spins of electrons injected from the HM can be transmitted through the CM to the SC either adiabatically or non-adiabatically depending on the period of the spatial modulation of the exchange field. We find that the conductance in the subgap region oscillates as a function of the CM layer thickness wherein the oscillations transform from the irregular pattern in the non-adiabatic regime to the regular one in the adiabatic regime. For both adiabatic and non-adiabatic transport regimes the conductance is studied over a broad range of parameters determining the spiral magnetization in the CM. We find that in the non-adiabatic regime, the decrease of the exchange field amplitude in the CM leads to the emergence of the conductance peak for the particular CM thickness in agreement with recent experiments.     

New Aspects of Enhancing the Graphene Capacitance by Defects in Aqueous Electrolytes and Ionic Liquids

JETP Letters - The influence of internal and external defects in graphene on the capacitance of the graphene/electrolyte interface was explored using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations....     

Pitfalls in the Use of Common Luminescent Probes for Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress

Lucigenin (LC²⁺, bis-N-methylacridinium) and 2,7-dichlorofluorescin (DCFH₂) are widely used as chemiluminescent or fluorescent probes for cellular oxidative stress, to reflect levels of superoxide (O₂ ^·–) and hydrogen peroxide, respectively. We report mechanistic studies that add to the growing evidence for the unsuitability of either probe except in very well-defined circumstances. The ability for lucigenin to generate superoxide via reduction of LC²⁺ to LC^·+ and redox cycling with oxygen depends on the reduction potential of the LC²⁺/LC^·+ couple. Redox equilibrium between LC^·+ and the redox indicator benzyl viologen is established in microseconds after generation of the radicals by pulse radiolysis and indicated E(LC²⁺/LC^·+) –0.28 V vs. NHE. Reaction of LC^·+ with O₂ to generate O₂ ^·– was also observed directly similarly, occurring in milliseconds, with a rate constant k 3 × 10⁶ M ^–1 s^–1. Quinones act as redox mediators in LC^·+/O₂ redox cycling. Oxidation of DCFH₂ to fluorescent DCF is not achieved by O₂ ^·– or H₂O₂, but NO₂ ^·) reacts rapidly: k 1 × 10⁷ M ^–1 s^–1. Oxidation by H₂O₂ requires a catalyst: cytochrome c (released into the cytosol in apoptosis) is very effective (even 10 nM). Fluorescence reflects catalyst level as much as O₂ ^·–) production.     

Correction to: The Density of States and Thermopower in Disordered Carbon Nanotubes

Russian Physics Journal - The name of the fourth author should read A. N. Ponomarev.     

Theoretical study of the magnetic properties of ordered vacancies in 2D hexagonal structures: Graphene, 2D-SiC,and h-BN

The magnetic properties of vacancies in 2D hexagonal structures—graphene and 2D-SiC and h-BN monolayers—have been studied. It has been found that a local magnetic moment exists in all listed systems in the presence of vacancies. However, in 2D hexagonal silicon carbide, the local magnetic moment appears only in the presence of silicon vacancy. In addition, the effect of the distance between vacancies in a monolayer on transitions between the ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic states has been revealed.     

用PASCO光传感器测量圆盘转动速度和加速度

介绍了利用PASCO光传感器实时测量圆盘的角速度与角加速度,进而实现对圆盘转动速度、加速度的测量。实验设计合理,测量方法科学,数据精确可靠,对现实应用有借鉴作用。     

Method of Envelope Functions for Heterostructures. Matching Models and Their Application to AlAs/AlxGa1–x As(110)

In the present paper, problems connected with the application of the method of envelope functions to heterostructures are examined, and some approaches to the derivation of matching conditions for the envelope functions are analyzed. The procedure of obtaining these conditions based on pseudopotential calculations is suggested. The results of theoretical investigations of electron tunneling through AlAs/Al_xGa_1–x As(110) heterostructures are presented.     

Determinant of Wave Operator as a Measure for Resonance and Bound States in One-Dimensional Potential Scattering System

The determinant of the wave operator or its transposed operator (source operator) works as a measure for resonance and bound states in one-dimensional potential scattering system. This fact is based on an identity proved here: the determinant of the wave or source operator equals to the transmission coefficient, which represents the field amplitude in the forward side of the scatterer. Utilizing this measure, resonance and bound states in one-dimensional system are properly assigned without solving wave equation. In future, local enhancement of optical near-field in three-dimensional system, i.e., local plasmon resonance will be treated, generalizing the present method.     

用双缝干涉测定光的波长实验的操作和改进

光的双缝干涉实验是研究光的波动性现象的典型实验,是高中物理教学中的一个重要实验.笔者查阅了从1980年直到现在的高中物理教科书,都有这个实验.以往在光的双缝干涉教学时,一般都采用讲授法,而不进行实验教学.     

ZnS:Mn量子点作磷光探针定量检测微量汞

以巯基丙酸(MPA)为稳定剂,合成了锰掺杂硫化锌(ZnS:Mn)量子点。由于汞离子对ZnS:Mn量子点的磷光有很强的猝灭作用,应用MPA修饰的ZnS:Mn量子点作磷光探针,定量检测水相中的微量汞离子。相对于荧光,磷光的寿命长、选择性好,没有荧光和散射光的干扰。在优化的实验条件下,当汞离子的浓度在1.0×10~(-5)~1.0×10~(-3)mol·L~(-1)范围内时,ZnS:Mn量子点的△P/P与汞离子浓度之间的关系符合Stem-Volmer方程,其线性相关系数为0.998 8。回收率为85.2%~106.1%,相对标准偏差为3.46%,检出限为9.7×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)。讨论了量子点磷光的猝灭机理,研究了常见金属离子的干扰作用,选择合适的掩蔽剂,可以有效地消除干扰离子的影响。     

Modification of Landau Levels in a 2D Ring Due to Rotation Effects and Edge States

The properties of a 2D quantum ring under rotating and external magnetic field effects are investigated. The Landau levels and their inertial effects on them are initially analyzed. Among the results obtained, it is emphasized that the rotation lifted the degeneracy of Landau levels. The second part deals with the electronic confinement in a 2D ring modeled by a hard wall potential. The eigenstates are described by Landau states as long as they are not too close to the ring edges. On the other hand, near the ring edges, the energies increase monotonically. These states are known as edge states. Edge states have a significant role in the physical properties of the ring. Thus, the Fermi energy and magnetization are analyzed. In the specific case of magnetization, two approaches are considered. In the first approach, an analytical result for magnetization is obtained but without considering rotation. Numerical results show the de Haas-Van Alphen (dHvA) oscillations. In the second approach, rotating effects are considered. In addition to the dHvA oscillations, the Aharonov–Bohm-type (AB) oscillations are verified, which are associated with the presence of edge states. The effects of rotation on the results are discussed and it is found that rotation is responsible for inducing AB oscillations.     

Measurement of Excited States Density and the VUV-Radiation in the Pulsed Xenon Medium Pressure Discharge

Time resolved absolute density measurements of the 1s5 (metastable) and 1s4 (resonance) level in the positive column of a pulsed xenon gas discharge for gas pressures between 1 and 40 Torr and currents between 100 and 300 mA are presented. The densities ranged from 1 × 10¹¹ to 5 × 10¹² cm^?3 and were found to be ten times larger in the afterglow than in the active part of the discharge. The enhanced radiation obtained in the afterglow in the near infrared regions as well as in the VUV region is caused by a dissociative recombination and formation of excimer states.     

Zero-Dimensional Model to Study the Effectiveness of Plasma Heating and Thermal Energy Confinement in Globus-M Tokamak in Ohmic Heating Modes

Experimental study of thermal energy confinement in magnetic confinement devices is one of the fundamental problems in plasma physics. The data processing technique covering kinetic and magnetic measurements performed for the Globus-M tokamak is described. A zero-dimensional code has been developed on the basis of this approach making it possible to calculate important discharge parameters during the experiment (between discharges): the electron and ion stored thermal energy content, plasma effective charge, and confinement time. Good agreement of the zero-dimensional calculations and ASTRA modeling indicates that this approach can be applied for routine data processing in Globus-M in view of the specifics of the device.