Diffusion Combustion of a Round Hydrogen Microjet at Sub- and Supersonic Jet Velocity

Doklady Physics - The experimental research results on diffusion combustion of a round hydrogen microjet flowing from a slit micronozzle at subsonic and supersonic speeds are presented. For the...     

Initiation of Kerosene Combustion in a Supersonic Air Flow by a Bunch of Gas-Dynamic Pulses

Doklady Physics - In this paper, we propose a method to initiate combustion of kerosene in a supersonic air flow in part of a combustion chamber with a constant cross section and experimentally...     

Micronozzle Chocking under Diffusion Combustion of Hydrogen

The results of experimental investigations of the micronozzle-chocking phenomenon under diffusion combustion of a hydrogen microjet at a high outflow velocity in the case of ignition of hydrogen near the nozzle cut are presented. It is found that the cause of micronozzle chocking is the heating of the nozzle walls from the flame-neck region retained up to transonic velocities and preventing nozzle cooling and the passage of the hydrogen jet to the supersonic-flow velocity. It is shown that hydrogen ignition far from the nozzle cut with a developed hydrogen supersonic flow into the flooded space leads to the disappearance of the flameneck region, flame detachment from the nozzle cut, and, correspondingly, termination of the nozzle heating and the possibility of the microjet coming out at the supersonic-flow velocity for the hydrogen jet. It is established that the flame-neck region is a stabilizing factor for the subsonic combustion of a hydrogen microjet up to transonic velocities. In the second case, the presence of supersonic cells stabilizes the supersonic diffusion combustion of the hydrogen microjet.     

Simulation of CPMAS Signals at High Spinning Speeds

The spin dynamics of anS( )I_Nsystem during the CP mixing time of continuous wave and variable amplitude cross-polarization magic angle spinning (CWCPMAS and VACPMAS) experiments is discussed. The signal enhancement of a low abundantSspin, coupled to a set ofN= 6 coupled spins withI= , is evaluated as a function of the length of the mixing time. For CWCPMAS this signal is first evaluated in the frequency domain and then transformed to the time domain. These calculations provide some additional insight into the CP spin dynamics and enable a practical approach toward the evaluation of CP signals of large spin systems. In addition the adiabatic character of the ramped VACPMAS experiments is discussed andS-spin signals of a spin system withN= 6 are simulated. Estimates of the upper bounds of the CP signals as a function of the number ofIspins in anS( )I_Nsystem are given and compared with the calculated values.     

用高速摄影和脉冲同轴全息照相联合诊断微射流

 针对强冲击载荷下金属材料的微物质喷射中微射流的实验研究,提出了高速摄影与脉冲同轴全息照相联合诊断的测试方案,并组建了由微射流产生装置、高速摄影系统、脉冲同轴全息照相系统和高精度时序控制同步系统组成的测试系统。动态实验结果表明,高速摄影和脉冲同轴全息照相联合诊断微射流能在一次实验获得微射流的发展图像和微射流头部低动态模糊图像。     

基于化学链燃烧的氢氧联合循环

提出一种新颖的基于化学链的氢氧联合动力循环系统,该系统利用透平余热提供化学链中天然气和Fe3O4反应热,将余热转换为高品位化学能。系统综合了化学链零能耗分离CO2和氢氧联合循环高效率的优点。与化学链燃烧联合循环相比,该循环取消了余热锅炉和底循环,系统内能量品位匹配更加合理。根据图像分析方法,阐明了化学链氢氧联合循环中损...     

氢气发动机气缸注水燃烧的数值模拟

为研究氢气发动机采用进气冲程注水(water injection,WI)的方法对发动机工况的影响,文章采用数值模拟的方法,运用AVL?FIRE软件模拟了嘉陵JH?600发动机使用氢气燃料的燃烧工况,并模拟计算了气缸内部温度、压强、NO排放量等各项参数.分4次进行,分别计算了注水量(水和氢气燃料的质量比)为0,5％,10...     

Supersonic dislocation stability and nano-twin formation at high strain rate

Improved understanding of the plastic deformation of metals during high-strain-rate shock loading is key to predicting their resulting material properties. This paper presents the results of molecular-dynamics simulations which address two fundamental questions related to materials deformation: the stability of supersonic dislocations and the mechanism of nano-twin formation. The results show that aluminium plastically deforms by the subsonic motion of edge dislocations when subjected to applied shear stresses of up to 600?MPa. Although higher applied stresses initially drive transonic dislocations, this motion is transient, and the dislocations decelerate to a sustained subsonic saturation velocity. Slowing of the transonic dislocation is controlled by the interaction with excited Rayleigh waves. 800?MPa marks a critical shear stress at which dislocation glide gives way to nano-twin formation via the homogeneous nucleation of Shockley partial dislocation dipoles. At still higher applied stresses, additional dislocation dipole nucleation produces a mid-stacking fault transformation of the twinned material.     

Flow Structure and Thrust Change at Gas Jet Injection into the Supersonic Part of a Nozzle

Technical Physics - The numerical simulation of gas-dynamic processes accompanying the transverse injection of a gas jet into the supersonic part of a nozzle is considered in the context of...     

A Review on Mechanical Behavior of FRP Composites at Different Loading Speeds

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites are increasingly becoming suitable and durable materials in the repair and replacement of traditional metallic materials. The built-in promise of performance assurance and retention of structural integrity in harsh and hostile environments of these materials certainly offers an alternative and attractive avenue for a wider range application to explore its potential to the zenith. The toughest challenge faced by material scientists is to assess and ascertain its behavioral log in a range of loading rates. The heterogeneity and responses of multiple distinct phases to varying loading conditions are most often complex and far away from comprehensive conclusion. Furthermore, composites with common structural polymer matrices quite often absorb moisture during service period. Then, FRPs become a much more complex system to comprehend its sensitivity to experimental variation. The present article emphasizes the need for understanding this perpetual problem of FRPs which might pose a threat to its prospects.     

Plasma Behavior with Hydrogen Supersonic Molecular Beam and Cluster Jet Injection in the HL-2A Tokamak

After more than ten years of practice, SMBI has been developed to become a useful fuelling method that is already considered to be an improvement over conventional gas puffing （GP）. The HL-2A tokamak is the first tokamak with divertors in China. The main parameters of HL-2A are R = 1.65 m, α=0.4 m, BT=2.8 T and Ip=0.48 MA. The divertor of the machine now is operated with lower single null configuration. Large hydrogen cluster （〉100 atoms） can be produced at low temperature gas.     

Direct Numerical Simulation of a Spatially Evolving Supersonic Turbulent Boundary Layer at Ma = 6

Direct numerical simulation is carried out for a spatially evolving supersonic turbulent boundary layer at freestream Mach number 6. To overcome numerical instability, the seventh-order WENO scheme is used for the convection terms of Navier-Stokes equations, and fine mesh is adopted to minimize numerical dissipation. Compressibility effects on the near-wall turbulent kinetic energy budget are studied. The cross-stream extended self-similarity and scaling exponents including the near-wall region are studied. In high Mach number flows, the coherence vortex structures are arranged to be smoother and streamwised, and the hair-pin vortices are less likely tO OCCUr.     

三维超声速射流火焰的直接模拟研究

本文使用了直接模拟（DNS）程序计算了三维超声速湍流射流火焰。首先介绍了本程序使用到的计算方法,包括热物性参数和输运参数的计算、反应机理、边界条件、离散方法。然后,本文使用该方法计算了马赫数为1.2的三维超声速H₂-AIR湍流射流火焰,描述了火焰的整作结构。最后,本文对火焰底部的稳燃的机理—自燃进行了分析和论证。     

Detailed Comparative Analysis of Interaction of a Supersonic Flow with a Transverse Gas Jet at High Pressure Ratios

Technical Physics - The interaction of a 3D supersonic turbulent gas flow with a transverse sonic jet injected from the wall has been studied in detail both numerically and experimentally. However,...     

Combustion of natural gas at the surface of a high-porosity metal matrix

Comparative studies of the combustion of natural gas in burner devices with flat and 3D matrices made of high-porosity metal foam were performed. It was demonstrated that stable combustion in infrared mode can be realized at specific combustion powers of up to 30–40 W/cm². For the 3D matrices, the specific combustion power per unit area of the external cross section was as high as 160 W/cm². For the combustion of near-stoichiometric mixtures at the maximum specific combustion power, the concentrations of nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide were within 16–18 and 40–60 ppm, respectively, decreasing approximately proportionally with the specific combustion power. When the combustible mixture was diluted with air to an air-to-fuel equivalence ratio of above 1.5, the concentration of pollutants decreased to less than 5 ppm. A model was developed which made it possible to calculate the temperatures of the flame front and of the working and back surfaces of the matrices. The calculation results were found to be in close agreement with the experimental data.     

Hydrogen at semiconductor grain boundaries and interfaces

This paper is a review of the known effects of hydrogen in crystalline semiconductor grain-boundaries and interfaces and of the recent progress in the fundamental study of the mechanisms of hydrogen-interfaces interactions. The interfaces considered are: grain boundaries of polycrystalline semiconductors, semiconductor/semiconductor or semiconductor/metal interfaces, silicon/silicon oxide interfaces (including precipitated silicon oxide interfaces), and semiconductor/electrolyte interfaces. The influence of structural and electronic defects on the hydrogen passivation processes is discussed. Emphasis is laid upon the role of segregated impurities on the electrical activity of interfaces and its subsequent passivation by hydrogen. Some ideas are given for development of experimental and theoretical research to improve the understanding of the mechanisms of hydrogen action.