Influence of Ni-concentration on the magnetic structure in Tb(Cu,Ni)2 system

A powder sample of orthorhombic Tb(Cu_0.7Ni_0.3)₂ has been studied by neutron diffraction at T = 4.2 K and above the Curie temperature. It is found that this compound is ferromagnetically ordered at 4.2 K. The magnetic moment of Tb in this compound is (9.2 ± 0.2)μ_B, with components (2.2 ± 0.2, 0, 8.9 ± 0.1)μ_B. The influence of the Ni-concentration on the magnetic structure is discussed in the whole Tb(Cu, Ni)₂ system.     

Structural and magnetic properties of Ce(Cu,Ni)2 pseudobinary phases

The stability of the pseudobinary phases obtained by partial substitution of Ni with Cu, Ag or Au in the cubic Laves phase CeNi₂, or by partial substitution of Cu with Ni in the orthorhombic compound CeCu₂ has been investigated. No solid solubility of Cu, Ag and Au in the CeNi₂ cubic lattice could be detected. In contrast, pseudobinary orthorhombic phases, corresponding to the formula CeCus_2?xNi_x, exist over the range x = 0 to 1. For these phases, crystal structures and magnetic properties have been determined. In every case, the electronic configuration of cerium appears to be unaffected to the Ni content, and corresponds to the trivalent state. The Ni atoms are in a non-magnetic state. The magnetic susceptibility of CeCu₂ in the region from 530 to 900 K shows anomalous behaviour, which should be due to a metamagnetic transition.     

Electrical resistivity of the pseudo-binary system Ce(Fe1-xAlx)2

The Laves phase pseudo-binary system Ce(Fe_1-xAl_x)₂ for x≤0.20 has been studied by means of electrical resistivity measurements from 1.5 to 300 K. It is shown that with Al addition, the long range magnetic order of CeFe₂ is destroyed and that a spin glass phase brings in a minimum in the total resistivity with T_min proportional to x. The freezing temperatures T_f are always smaller than T_min and there appears a negative coefficient of the T^3/2 dependence below T_f. The minimum in d?/dT is well correlated with T_f.     

Electrical resistivity of the pseudo-binary compound Ce(Fe0.8Al0.2)2

Electrical resistivity measurements on the alloy Ce(Fe_0.8Al_0.2)₂ as a function of temperature in the range of 1.5 to 300 K shows that the long range magnetic order of the CeFe₂ is destroyed and that the spin glass phase appears with a negative coefficient of T^3/2. The high residual resistivity is also discussed.     

metamagnetic behavior of linear chain pyridine compounds: Co(Pyridine)2Cl2, Fe(Pyridine)2Cl2, Fe(Pyridine)2(NCS)2 and Ni(Pyridine)2Cl2

Magnetic phase transitions in the pyridine (pyr) compounds Co(pyr)₂Cl₂, Fe(pyr)₂Cl₂, Fe(pyr)₂(NCS)₂ and Ni(pyr)₂Cl₂ have been observed at applied magnetic fields of ～0.7, 0.7, 1.1 and 2.7 kG respectively. These low field phase transitions are observed in the Fe and Ni compounds at T = 4.2 K, and in the Co compound at T < 3K, and are consistent with metamagnetic behavior. Magnetic saturation is not achieved in any of these compounds for fields of 60 kG, reflecting high anisotropy.     

Electrical transport and magnetic properties of Nd2(WO4)3

Measurements of the molar magnetic susceptibility (X_m) of a powdered sample of Nd₂(WO₄)₃ in the temperature range 300–900 K, and the electrical conductivity (σ) and dielectric constant (?$\text{)}\text{?}$ of pressed pellets of the compound in the temperature range 4.2–1180 K are reported. X_m obeys the Curie-Weiss law with a Curie constant C= 3.13 K/mole, a paramagnetic Curie temperature θ= ?60 K and a moment of Bohr magnetons, p= 3.49 for the Nd³⁺ ion. The electrical conductivity data can be explained in terms of the usual band model and impurity levels. Both the σ and ?$\text{\$}\text{?}$data indicate some sort of phase transition round 1025 K. The conductivity follows Mott's law $\text{σ = A exp (?B/T}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>1</mtext><mtext>4</mtext>}}\text{)}$ in the temperature range $\text{200 < T < 3000}\text{K with}\text{B = 45.00 (}\text{K}\text{)}{}^{\mathrm{<mtext>1</mtext><mtext>4</mtext>}}\text{and}\text{A = 1.38 × 10}{}^{\mathrm{?5}}\text{Ω}{}^{\mathrm{?1}}\text{cm}{}^{\mathrm{?1}}$. The dielectric constant increases slowly up to 600 K, as is usual for ionic solids. The increase becomes much faster above 600 K, which is attributed to space-charge polarization of thermally generated charge carriers.     

Synthesis, crystal structure, Cu doped EPR, thermal and voltammetric studies of [Ni(isonicotinamide)2(H2O)4]·(sac)2 single crystal

The single crystal of [Ni(ina)₂(H₂O)₄]·(sac)₂, (NINS), (ina is isonicotinamide and sac is saccharinate) complex has been prepared and its structural, spectroscopic and thermal properties have been determined. The title complex crystallizes in monoclinic system with space group P2₁/c, Z=2. The octahedral Ni(II) ion, which rides on a crystallographic centre of symmetry, is coordinated by two monodentate ina ligands through the ring nitrogen and four aqua ligands to form discrete [Ni(ina)₂(H₂O)₄] unit, which captures two saccharinate ions in up and down positions, each through intermolecular hydrogen bands. The magnetic environment of copper(II) doped NINS crystal has also been identified by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique. The g and A values of Cu²⁺ doped NINS single crystal were calculated from the EPR spectra recorded in three mutually perpendicular planes. These values indicated that the paramagnetic centre has a rhombic symmetry with the Cu²⁺ ion having distorted octahedral environment. The complex exhibits only metal centred electroactivity in the potential range of −2.00, 1.25 V versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode.     

Linear-chain antiferromagnetism in Ni(N2H5)2(SO4)2

The compound dihydrazinium bis(sulfato) niccolate(II), Ni(N₂H₅)₂(SO₄)₂, containing sulfato-bridged chains of Ni(II) ions, can be described as an antiferromagnetic Heisenberg linear-chain system. A reasonable agreement of susceptibility measurements in the temperature region 2–80K, with a theory developed by Weng for antiferromagnetic Heisenberg linear chains with spin S=1, is obtained for a value of the intra-chain interaction $\text{J}\text{k}\text{=?3.35K}$. Preliminary results of specific heat measurements, on the other hand, do not fit quite well using this model. The origin of this discrepancy is suggested to be a zero-field splitting of the single ion.     

银催化合成Tb(BO2)3纳米棒

采用固相反应银作催化剂成功合成出棒状结构的稀土硼酸盐Tb(BO₂)₃发光材料. 利用X射线衍射和区域电子衍射研究了产物的结构特性,在700 oC煅烧时,Tb(BO₂)₃纳米棒具有良好晶形. 透射电镜分析表明,Tb(BO₂)₃纳米棒直径为100～200 nm,厚度为30～50 nm,长约3 μm. 基于Ag纳米颗粒附在Tb(BO₂)₃纳米棒的顶端和中部的事实,探讨了Tb(BO₂)₃纳米棒的生长机理. 荧光光谱研究表明,在369 nm紫外光激发下,Tb(BO₂)₃能发出Tb³⁺的特征绿色荧光,发射主峰位于546 nm,归属于⁵D₄→⁷F₅跃迁. 同时,也探讨了煅烧温度对产物的结构、形貌以及发光性质的影响.     

Thermoelectric power of TTF[Ni(dmit)2]2

The 1D organic salt TTF[Ni(dmit)₂]₂ becomes superconductor with T_c=1.6 K under an applied hydrostatic pressure of 7 kbar. Structural determinations in this system lead us to suspect that superconductivity (SC) coexists with a charge density wave (CDW) instability at low pressure. In order to better understand how SC emerge from a CDW and to revisit the pressure–temperature phase diagram of the TTF[Ni(dmit)₂]₂ we performed transport and thermoelectric power measurements under pressure.     

Electrical investigations in the normal and incommensurate phases of [N(CH3)4]2ZnCl4 single crystals

The dielectric permittivity (?) of TMA-ZC single crystals was measured along the mean crystallographic axes a, b and c, in a temperature range from 273 to 340 K. The ?-T relationship exhibited peak values at T_i=296 K and T_c1=279 K for the three axes. These peaks are attributed to the contribution of discommensurations. The d.c. and a.c. electrical conductivity showed anomalous variation at the same transition temperatures, with a remarkable change in the value of the activation energy around the transition temperatures. The j-E characteristic indicates different types of electrical conduction. The mechanism of the phase transition and the electrical process were discussed on the basis of Shottky and Frenkel conduction mechanisms.     

Electrical and magnetic characterization of a molecular material {[Ru(bpy)3][Fe(dca)3]2}n

Electrical and magnetic properties of {[Ru(bpy)₃][Fe(dca)₃]₂}_n (bpy=2,2′-bipyridine, dca=dicyanamide) have been studied. The compound is a non-extrinsic type of semiconductor and paramagnetic in nature. Mössbauer spectroscopy has established the presence of high spin Fe(II) as one major species in this compound, and no high spin-low spin transition of Fe(II) was detected down to 80 K under dark. The photo-response of electrical conductivity with time shows interesting behavior with repeated exposure.     

Electrical resistivity of UMn2

The electrical resistivity of polycristalline UMn₂ has been measured between 4.2 and 300 K. There is a very small anomaly around the distortion (T_D = 2212 K). At low temperature the T² dependence is tentatively attributed to 3d spin fluctuations.     

Phase transitions in [Ni(NH3)6](NO3)2

Electric permittivity ^* = ′ − i″ of nickel-hexammino nitrate (NHN) has been measured within the range of temperature from 9 to 300 K at a frequency of 8.8 GHz (X-band). It has been found that the phase transitions at T_k1 = 247 K and T_k2 = 90 K are discontinuous structural transitions between centrosymmetric phases, whereas the transition at T_c = 63 K is a continuous phase transition (glass?).     

Magnetic susceptibility studies of (CH2)3(NH3)2FeCl2Br2 and (CH2)6(NH3)2FeCl2Br2

The magnetic susceptibility of the layered compounds (CH₂)₃(NH₃)₂FeCl₂Br₂ and (CH₂)₆(NH₃)₂FeCl₂Br₂ has been measured in the range 80 < T < 300 K. The results follow a Curie-Weiss behavior in the range 120 < T < 300 K but are field dependent for T < 120 K. The results are interpreted in terms of a two-dimensional antiferromagnetic interaction which is canted. A comparison with the corresponding pure chloride compounds is given.     

Synthesis and magnetic properties of Pr(Fe 1-xCo x) 2 and Pr 1-yTb y(Fe 0.4Co 0.6) 2 alloys

Measurement of X-ray diffraction, magnetization and magnetostriction was made on the Pr(Fe_1-xCo_x)₂ (x=0.4, 0.5 and 0.6) and Pr_1-yTb_y(Fe_0.4Co_0.6)₂ (y=0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3) alloy series. It was found that a cubic phase with the MgCu₂ structure can be obtained in the Pr(Fe_1-xCo_x)₂ series only at x=0.6. The Pr_1-yTb_y(Fe_0.4Co_0.6)₂ system has the cubic MgCu₂ structure over the studied range for y. The lattice constant and magnetization decrease and the Curie temperature increases with increasing y. At 7 K, Pr_1-yTb_y(Fe_0.4Co_0.6)₂ samples are found to have huge intrinsic coercivities, which are associated with narrow domain walls. It is also found from X-ray measurement that in Pr_1-yTb_y(Fe_0.4Co_0.6)₂ the spontaneous magnetostriction ₁₁₁ increases due to Tb substitution, while the saturation magnetostriction _s is much lower than ₁₁₁. This can be attributed to the large value of ₁₀₀ with an opposite sign to ₁₁₁, which may be caused by the filling of the d band due to Co substitution. PACS 75.80.-g; 61.10.-i; 75.60.-d     

Electrical conduction studies on one-dimensional Cs2[Pt(CN)4](FHF)0.39 and Rb2[Pt(CN)4](FHF)0.40

Variable temperature (300-40 K) 4-probe d.c. conduction studies on Cs₂[Pt(CN)₄](FHF)_0.39 and Rb₂[Pt(CN)₄](FHF)_0.40 are described. In these salts T_3D occurs at a lower temperature than in K₂[Pt(CN)₄]Br_0.3·3H₂O and this is attributed to the absence of an inter-chain network of hydrogen bonded water molecules in the bifluorides.     

Electrical resistivity and band gap of marcasite (FeS2)

For a natural crystal of marcasite, an energy gap of 0.34 eV and an acceptor level at 0.052 eV are determined from temperature-dependent (53–370 K) electrical resistivity measurements. Magnetic susceptibilities and dielectric constants of marcasite and pyrite are compared in view of the large difference in their energy gaps.     

Synthesis, photoluminescence, thermoluminescence and dosimetry properties of novel phosphor Zn(BO2)2:Tb

Polycrystalline powder samples of terbium doped Zn(BO₂)₂ phosphors were prepared by solid state reaction in the thermal carbon reducing atmosphere at high temperature. The photoluminescence (PL), three-dimensional (3D) TL emission spectrum and dosimetric characteristics following ⁶⁰Co gamma-rays irradiation were studied. Characteristic emission bands of Tb³⁺ at about 490, 543, 584 and 620 nm, attributed to the ⁵D₄→⁷F_J (J=3, 4, 5, 6) transitions of Tb³⁺ ions, were observed in the TL and PL emission spectrum. No emission from Tb⁴⁺ ions was observed in the TL emission spectrum. The TL-dose response of the powder samples Zn(BO₂)₂:Tb to ⁶⁰Co gamma-rays radiation in the dose range from 1 to 100 Gy for clinical dose levels was almost linear. The experiment results showed that Zn(BO₂)₂:Tb has potential use as the materials of gamma-rays thermoluminescence dosimeter (TLD) for clinical dosimetry.     

Core electron ionization energies and electronic structure of Ti(NO3)4 and Cu(NO3)2

Gas phase X-ray photoelectron spectra of Ti(NO₃)₄ and Cu(NO₃)₂ are reported and discussed in terms of the molecular charge distributions. No measurable splitting is observed between the 1s ionization energies of the chemically distinct oxygen atoms in either molecule. Ab initio calculations for Cu(NO₃)₂ suggest that this is due in large measure to differential orbital relaxation occurring upon core electron ionization.