油酸钠层状液晶体系的聚合

将十六烷增溶于油酸钠／水体系层状液晶的油层,共聚单体二乙烯基乙二醇增溶于油酸钠／水体系层状液晶的两亲层,将共聚限制在同一两亲层内油酸钠的双键与共聚单体之间进行。得到了具有层状结构,并具有较好表面活性的共聚物。     

油酸钠／水／十六烷／4—烯丙基—4—羟基—1,6—庚二烯体系层 …

将十六烷增溶于油酸钠／水体系层状液晶的油层,共聚单体４－烯丙基－４－羟基－１,６－庚二烯增溶于油酸钠／水体系层状液晶的两亲层,在同一两亲层内进行共聚反应,得到了具有层状结构、并具有较好表面活性的共聚物。     

油酸钠／水／十六烷／4-烯丙基-4羟基-1,6-庚二烯体系层状液晶的聚合

将十六烷增溶于油酸钠 /水体系层状液晶的油层 ,共聚单体 4 烯丙基 4 羟基 1 ,6 庚二烯增溶于油酸钠 /水体系层状液晶的两亲层 ,在同一两亲层内进行共聚反应 ,得到了具有层状结构、并具有较好表面活性的共聚物     

油酸/三乙醇胺/液体石蜡水体系层状润滑性能

层状液晶;油酸/三乙醇胺/液体石蜡水体系层状润滑性能     

基于季戊四醇的三代硅碳烷液晶树状物研究

用发散法合成了季戊四醇-四烯丙基醚为核、周边含硝基偶氮苯介晶基元(M-NO₂)端基的新型三代硅碳烷液晶树状物PCSi-3G-NO₂, 并利用元素分析、红外光谱(IR)、核磁共振(NMR)、偏光显微镜(POM)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和X射线衍射(XRD)进行表征. PCSi-3G-NO₂显示胆甾相和近晶S_E相, 其液晶相行为是K57S_E115I100Ch80S_E53K. 而对应的介晶基元M-NO₂显示向列相, 二者在熔点、清亮点和液晶态温区等方面差别较大.     

油酸/三乙醇胺/液体石蜡水体系层状润滑性能

采用^2HNMRT和IR,表征了油酸／三乙醇胺／液体石蜡／水体系层状液晶的结构,并以该体系为润滑剂,测定了其在铝合金表面的磨痕宽度和摩擦系数,同时与液体石蜡和商用润滑剂12－羟基硬脂酸锂进行了比较。结果表明,OLA／TEA／LP／H2O体系丑状液晶具有较好的极压性能,对于铝合金材料是一种较好的润滑剂。     

季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯的合成和表征

以季戊四醇和丙烯酸为原料直接酯化合成了季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯,考察了原料配比、溶剂用量、催化剂、阻聚剂、温度、脱色剂、反应时间等因素对反应的影响,得到较佳反应条件.季戊四醇/丙烯酸/甲苯=1:3.6:1.86(物质的量之比),催化剂选用对甲苯磺酸,季戊四醇质量的4％,采用复合阻聚剂,加入量为丙烯酸质量的3.5％,反应时间6 h,脱色剂TSJ-1用量为季戊四醇用量的3％,产率较高,可达77.1％,副反应少,产品色度较浅可达20号色,生产产品质量达到国际先进水平.     

卵磷脂-水-油酸体系液晶对胆固醇的增溶作用

Formation and structure of liquid crystal in lecithin-water-oleic acid system were studied. It was found that different from the lecithin-water system, there are two types of liquid crystal present. The lamellar liquid crystal was formed at lower content of oleic acid, the values of interlayer spacing are larger than the values in the corresponding liquid crystal without oleic acid. The inverse hexangonal liquid crysta1 was formed at higher content of oleic acid. In lecithin-water-oleic acid(containing 15℅ cholesterol) system the phase behavior of liquid crystal is similar to that in the lecithin-water-oleic acid system. The solubilization rate of solid cholesterol in lamellar liquid crystal of lecithin-water-oleic acid system is more faster than that of lecithin-water system.     

非水层状液晶的结构与稳定性 Ⅲ.三乙醇胺油酸盐层状液晶及其增溶特性

Friberg曾以等摩尔的三乙醇胺(TEA)与油酸(OLA)混合,生成了三乙醇胺油酸盐(TEA-OLA)非水层状液晶,并指出在TEA的作用下,大部分OLA去质子,生成了三乙醇胺油酸盐,组成层状液晶两亲双层,剩余的TEA、OLA作为溶剂存在于层状液晶的溶剂层中,本文报道以甲酰胺(FA)为溶剂时TEA-OLA与TEA-OLA/FA层状液晶的生成范围及其稳定性。     

丙烯酸酯/液晶复合体系的光聚合动力学

采用光差示扫描量热分析,研究了以2, 4, 6-三甲基苯甲酰基-二苯基氧化膦(TPO)为光引发剂、丙烯酸异辛酯(EHA)和三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯(TMPTA)为单体、液晶为P0616A的丙烯酸酯/液晶复合体系在-40~80℃的光聚合动力学。研究表明：丙烯酸酯/液晶复合体系光聚合的自动加速现象非常显著,聚合反应速率和表观动力学常数在聚合过程中均存在最大值。随着反应温度的提高,体系的最终转化率、最大聚合反应速率(Rpmax)均明显提高,当反应温度高于20℃后,其增长均趋于平缓。随着体系中液晶含量的增加,体系的Rpmax呈下降趋势,体系的聚合反应转化率随时间的增长速率较慢,但是最终转化率差别不大,均接近80%。随着UV光强的增高,体系的Rpmax和最终转化率均明显提高, 体系的阈值光强约为4 mw/cm2。而随着体系平均官能度的增加,体系的Rpmax和最终转化率则呈下降的趋势。     

Polymeric surfactants based on oleic acid. II. Copolymerization of sodium acrylamidostearate and 10-undecen-1-ol in a lamellar liquid crystal

Copolymerization of sodium acrylamidostearate (NaAAS) and 10-undecen-1-ol (UdOH) was performed in the lamellar liquid crystal (LLC) formed by NaAAS, UdOH, and water. After the polymerization the lamellar structure remained, and the disorder of the lamellar liquid crystal was, to some extent, reduced. Surface tension, small-angle X-ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, viscosity, and fluorescence methods were used to study the properties of the copolymer. The polymeric surfactant behaves like polyelectrolyte and is more surface active than its precursor, i.e., NaAAS. The polymeric surfactant is capable of forming uni-molecular micelles through coiling of its hydrophobic chains. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 2863–2872, 1999     

Shear-induced lamellar phase of an ionic liquid crystal at room temperature

The phase behaviour of a number of N-alkylimidazolium salts was studied using polarizing optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction. Two of these compounds exhibit lamellar mesophases at temperatures above 50°C. In these systems, the liquid crystalline behaviour may be induced at room temperature by shear. Sheared films of these materials, observed between crossed polarisers, have a morphology that is typical of (wet) liquid foams: they partition into dark domains separated by brighter (birefringent) walls, which are approximately arcs of circle and meet at “Plateau borders” with three or more sides. Where walls meet three at a time, they do so at approximately 120° angles. These patterns coarsen with time and both T1 and T2 processes have been observed, as in foams. The time evolution of domains is also consistent with von Neumann's law. We conjecture that the bright walls are regions of high concentration of defects produced by shear, and that the system is dominated by the interfacial tension between these walls and the uniform domains. The control of self-organised monodomains, as observed in these systems, is expected to play an important role in potential applications.     

Influence of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate on the lamellar liquid crystal formed by tetraethylene glycol lauryl ether and water

Lyotropic liquid crystals (LLCs) formed in tetraethylene glycol lauryl ether–water system by the addition of 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C _n Mim][BF₄], n?=?2, 4, 6, 8, 10) are characterised by polarised optical microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering techniques. A small number of [C _n Mim][BF₄] molecules can be solubilised in the liquid crystal without changing the lamellar type. These imidazolium salts are considered as an ideal kind of modifiers for the ordered structure. With different lengths of alkyl chains, [C _n Mim][BF₄] molecules appear in various domains of ordered assemblies: in the water layer for [C₂Mim][BF₄], in the water layer as well as in the polar domain for [C₄Mim][BF₄] and in the apolar domain for the other imidazolium salts with long alkyl chains. Diverse distributions of [C _n Mim][BF₄] molecules in the inner structure bring about their specific influence on the lamellar phase. These results enlighten the use of diverse alkyl-substituted imidazolium salts in modulating LLC and other assemblies and also enrich the aggregation behaviour of these assemblies.     

溶剂性质对DBS/C~1~0H~2~1OH/溶剂体系的相行为 与结构的影响

在DBS/C~1~0H~2~1OH/溶剂体系中,以甲酰胺、水或甘油为溶剂时,在一定浓度范围内能生成O/W,W/O微乳液和层状液晶。C~1~0H~2~1OH在各种溶剂的DBS胶束中的分配系数K均很高。以甲酰胺、水为溶剂时,DBS能在一定浓度范围内生成层状液晶,但以甘油为溶剂时,则不能生成层状液晶。C~1~0H~2~1OH的加入有助于层状液晶的生成,但过量的C~1~0H~2~1OH却使层状液晶失稳。在相同质量比C~1~0H~2~1OH/DBS下,按顺序H~2O,FA,Gly,层状液晶中溶剂的渗透率α降低,d~0值亦降低;以FA为溶剂时,表示其表观有序度的Δν值却较高;以水为溶剂时,Δν值却较低;以Gly为溶剂时,Δν具有中等值。不同溶剂层状液晶两亲双层内的分子取向与溶剂性质对层状液晶稳定性的影响相一致。     

Lubrication of the mixed system of Triton X-100/n-C10H21OH/H2O lamellar liquid crystal and ZnS nanoparticles

ZnS nanoparticles could be synthesized, when two kinds of Triton X-100/n-C₁₀H₂₁OH/H₂O lamellar liquid crystal were mixed, in which Zn(CH₃COO)₂ and Na₂S were dissolved in the solvent layer, respectively. The size of ZnS nanoparticles was about 10 nm and limited by the thickness of the solvent layer of the lamellar liquid crystal. The lubrication properties of the mixed system of Triton X-100/n-C₁₀H₂₁OH/H₂O lamellar liquid crystal and ZnS nanoparticles were determined. The results showed that the presence of ZnS nanoparticles could improve the anti-wear ability of the Triton X-100/n-C₁₀H₂₁OH/H₂O lamellar liquid crystal and decrease its friction coefficient.     

Hydrotrope and Hydrotrope-Solubilization Action of Urea in CTAB/n-C5H11OH/H2O System

Urea is found to show the hydrotrope action when the aqueous solubility of surfactant CTAB is enhanced while it will show the hydrotrope-solubilization action when the solubilized amount of n-C₅H₁₁OH in O/W microemulsion and that of water in W/O microemulsion are increased. The mechanism of the hydrotrope-sotubilization action of urea is in fact the increase of the stability of W/O and O/W microemulsion and structural transition from the lamellar liquid crystal phase to the bicontinuous structure.     

青霉素钾对微乳液增溶作用的影响

层状液晶;青霉素钾对微乳液增溶作用的影响     

3-硝基-1, 2, 4-三唑-5-酮锶配合物的制备、晶体结构和热力学 性质研究

通过3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑-5-酮(NTO)与碳酸锶反应,制备了标题配合物,其结构用单晶分析法测定,所得晶体学参数为:a=1.1034(1)nm,b=2.2742(2)nm,c=0.63398(9)nm,β=101.798(13)ⅲ,V=1.5573(4)nm^3,D~c=1.936g.cm^-^3,Z=2,F(000)=912,μ=35.45cm^-^1;晶体属单斜晶系,空间群为P2~1/c,最终偏离因子R为0.0344。通过标题配合物在水中溶解焓的测定,算得其标准生成焓、晶格焓、晶格能和标准脱水焓。